WAAS Presentation-Aca Vulovic

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 1

Cisco WAAS

Aleksandar Vulovic, [email protected]


Agenda

WAAS Introduction

WAAS Technical Overview

Cisco WAAS Products


WAAS Introduction


Key IT Priorities 2006-2009

Continue Data Center consolidation

New applications for productivity, business enablement

Mobility – all data, anywhere, anytime

…extend new Data Center & applications to branch, yet simplify branch IT

1

4

3

2


Growing Trend: Consolidate Branch Office

Major Branch Issues

Application performance• Bandwidth limitations• Latency / jitter / chattiness

Infrastructure cost / complexity• File, print & email servers• Storage & backup• WAN bandwidth

Data protection• Failing backups / lost data• Compliance

App/file/printServers

LocalStorage

Backup

Clients

SwitchRouter

“…an average of 6.9 devices per branch”

Source: Nemertes Research


DAS

DASDAS

NASSAN

Branch Office

Remote Office

Data Center

Files

IT

NASDAS

IT IT

Regional Office

NASDAS

IT BackupFile

Cache

WAAS File Services Introduction

Backup

Backup

FileCache

NASDAS

FileCache

Backup

Centralized and OptimizedDecentralized StorageCentralized Storage

WAN

Files Files

Files


Cisco Vision: The Consolidated Branch

Clients

SwitchRouter

Design Goals:• Fewer local servers / no storage• Continued LAN-level performance• Ability to leverage centralized apps• Preserve services of existing network

Consolidated Branch

App/file/printServers

Storage Backup

Data Center

WAAS

WAAS

WAAS = key enabler


WAAS - performance

Word – Open Time

0 5 10 15 20 25

Native LAN

WAAS

Native WAN

Word – Write Time

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Native LAN

Native WAN

Excel – Open Time

0 10 20 30 40 50

Native LAN

WAAS

Native WAN

Excel – Write Time

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Native LAN

WAAS

Native WAN

1MB Word File (sec)

2MB Excel File (sec)

Link T1, latency 80ms

WAAS


Accelerates Broad Range of Applications

• 2X-10X• Any TCP-based Application like CitrixOther

• 2X-50X• Backup Applications

• Replication ApplicationsData Protection

• 2X-10X

• SQL

• Oracle

• Notes

Database Applications

• SMS (CIFS, HTTP)

• Altiris (HTTP)

• FTP

• HTTP, HTTPS, WebDAV

• Exchange (MAPI)

• SMTP/POP3, IMAP

• Notes

• Windows (CIFS)

• UNIX (NFS)

Application Protocol

• 2X-100X

• 2X-50X

• 2X-50X

• 2X-50X

• 2X-400X

Improvement

Software Distribution

Data Transfer

Internet / Intranet

E-mail

File Sharing

Application

• Ensures LAN-like performance for branch-based access of corporate applications

• Enables branch server and storage consolidation without affecting workflow and employee productivity

• Simple network integration enables lower TCO

* Performance improvement varies based on user workload, compressibility of data, WAN characteristics and utilization. Actual numbers are case-specific and results may vary.


WAAS Technical Overview


WAAS Feature OverviewTransparent Interception via WCCP or PBRApplication Traffic Policy (ATP) engine

Traffic classification and handling definitions

TCP Flow Optimization (TFO) interception, auto-discovery, and better WAN performanceProvides the “plumbing” needed for other services

Redundancy Elimination (DRE) Segment based redundancy elimination, byte-based LZ compression

Full WAFS 3.0.5 CIFS file proxyNew features (disconnected, coherency)WAFS tunnel benefits from TFO/DRE

Full WAFS 3.0.5 Print ServicesNew Centralized Driver Distribution Management

Converged Centralized Management WAFS and new DRE/TFO acceleration


Cisco WAAS Optimization Architecture

Quality of ServiceQuality of ServiceMonitoringMonitoring

Content Distribution

Content Distribution

TCP Flow Optimizations

(TFO)

TCP Flow Optimizations

(TFO)

WebWeb Local ServicesLocal

ServicesFile

ServicesFile

Services

NetworkInfrastructure

L4: TransportOptimization

L7: ApplicationOptimization VideoVideo

Data RedundancyElimination (DRE)Data RedundancyElimination (DRE)

SecuritySecurity

OtherApps OtherApps

Core Routing & Switching ServicesCore Routing & Switching Services

Application Classification and Policy EngineApplication Classification and Policy Engine

Logical and Physical IntegrationLogical and Physical Integration


WAAS base networkClient Server

WAE WAE

1. Packets that meet configured criteria are intercepted and passed to the WAE.

2. WAE performs configured optimizations and passes the packets to the server, which are intercepted on the other end, and passed to the WAE. The participating WAEs auto-discover each other.

3. Original packet data recreated and passed to the origin server.

4. The connection is “spoofed” and return traffic passes through the same transparent interception and optimizations on the return path.


Seamless, Transparent IntegrationSeamless integration with the packet network with high availability, load-balancing, and failover

WCCPv2 Policy-Based Routing

Full preservation of L3/L4 packet header information (IP/TCP)Compliance with network value-added features

Classification - QoS, NBAR, Queuing, Policing, ShapingSecurity - Firewall policies, Access Control ListsReporting - NetFlow, monitoring

Src Mac AAADst Mac BBB

Src IP 1.1.1.10Dst IP 2.2.2.10

Src TCP 15131Dst TCP 80 APP DATA

Src Mac BBBDst Mac AAA

Src IP 1.1.1.10Dst IP 2.2.2.10

Src TCP 15131Dst TCP 80 optimized


Traditional WAN Optimization:Not Seamless, but Disruptive to Existing Network

WAN NAS

ClientWorkstation LAN Switch WAN Router WAN RouterEdge Device Core DeviceFirewallFirewall

LAN Switch Origin FileServer

A BPreservation of IP and TCP Header Information

QoSNBAR

NetFlowACLNAT

SecurityFilterVPN

Optimization Tunnel

Traditional WAN Optimization changes header information

Result: • Services may not work• Extra integration required• Risk of downtime due to dedicated links

Traditional WAN Optim.


Cisco WAAS:Seamless Network Integration, Service Preservation

IPNetwork NAS

ClientWorkstation LAN Switch

LAN Switch

Edge WAAS Core WAAS

A BFull Preservation of IP and TCP Header Information

Data CenterScalability

Transport and Flow OptimizationsData Redundancy Elimination Accelerates ALL TCP Traffic

Robust ApplicationAdapters to Offload

WAN and Data CenterLocal Services

Firewall Firewall

SecurityFilterVPN

WAN Router

QoSNBAR

NetFlowACLNAT

WAN Router

VisibilityNetFlow

QoS Cisco WAAS


Centrally managed from GUI as well as device CLIClassify traffic based on L3/L4 attributes

TCP Protocol TypeSource/Destination IP Address/RangeSource/Destination TCP Port

Apply actions to classified trafficActions include: compress, DRE, TFO, protocol specific optimizationBypassMonitor

Default policies for common applicationsDefault policies are pre-defined and can be restored by clicking a buttonFully customizable classification and optimizations

Application Traffic Policy Engine


Cisco WAAS Auto-Discovery

WAN

Cisco WAE devices automatically discover one another and negotiate optimization capabilities

Performed per TCP connectionFlexible optimization configurationExchange of peer capabilities and limitations

WAE1 WAE2

WCCPv2or PBR

WCCPv2or PBR

WCCPv2or PBR

WCCPv2or PBR

A:B TCP SYNA:B TCP SYN A:B TCP SYN(marked)

A:B TCP SYN(marked)

A:B TCP SYN(marked)

A:B TCP SYN(marked)

I know WAE1 isin the path, let’s

accelerate!

I know WAE1 isin the path, let’s

accelerate!

I would liketo accelerate

this connection!Here are my details

I would liketo accelerate

this connection!Here are my details

B:A TCP SYN/ACKB:A TCP SYN/ACK

AcknowledgeAcceleration!

Here are my details

AcknowledgeAcceleration!

Here are my details

ACCELERATIONCONFIRMED!

ACCELERATIONCONFIRMED!

B:A TCP SYN/ACK(marked)

B:A TCP SYN/ACK(marked)

B:A TCP SYN/ACKB:A TCP SYN/ACK

AA BB


IPNetwork

Data Redundancy Elimination (DRE)Reduce overall WAN consumption based on redundancy

Maintain active database of previously sent and received trafficSend database index on behalf of traffic that has been seen beforeRealize 5x – 50x compression, minimize WAN bandwidth consumption

Compress all outbound traffic with LZ compressionAdditional 2x compression beyond data suppressionVery good compression for non-redundant data

Label Data

L1

L2

ABCDEFGHIJKL

QRSTUVWXYZ

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZL1+”MNOP”+L2

DRE CACHE DRE CACHE


DRE Pattern Matching

DRE Database

NO MATCHNO MATCHNO MATCHNO MATCHOriginal

MessageOriginal Message

EncodedMessageEncodedMessage


Cisco WAAS Transport Flow Optimizations

Cisco WAAS Transport Flow Optimizations (TFO) is designed to overcome common challenges associated with standard TCP implementations

Window Scaling – capitalize on available bandwidthLarge Initial Windows – maximize transmission after connection establishment for short-lived connectionsSelective Acknowledgement – efficient packet loss recovery and retransmission mechanismsBinary Increase Congestion (BIC) – quick return to maximum throughput upon congestion

Currently mostly relying on “standard” optimizations


WAN

TFO Improves Application Performance

TFO overcomes TCP and WAN bottlenecksShields nodes connections from WAN conditions

Clients experience fast acknowledgementMinimize perceived packet lossEliminate need to use inefficient congestion handling

LAN TCPBehavior

LAN TCPBehavior

Window ScalingLarge Initial Windows

Congestion MgmtImproved Retransmit


Maximum Window Size (MWS)

The Maximum Window Size (MWS) is the maximum amount of a data a node can have outstanding in the network unacknowledgedThe node can not continue transmission until previous transmissions have been acknowledged

Problematic over LFNs – Long Fat Networks “elephants”Inability to fully utilize the available network resources

1234


RTT 10 ms

Bandwidth155 Mbps

(OC-3)

Amount of data that canbe in transit at any one

point in time:155Mbps x 10 ms = 192 KB

Bandwidth Delay Product (BDP)

The Bandwidth Delay Product (BDP) of a network defines the amount of data that can be in flight within a network at any onepoint in time

If MWS > BDP, then application may not be throughput bound (i.e.application can “fill the pipe”)If BDP > MWS, then application will not be able to fully utilize the network capacity (i.e. application can not “fill the pipe”)


WAAS TFO Window Scaling

Cisco WAAS TFO window scaling (based on RFC 1323) scales the TCP window to 2MB to overcome problems with filling LFNs (Long Fat Networks)

Window Scaling applies a binary shift to the decimal value supplied in the data field


Link Utilization and MWS, BDP

Latency

Ban

dwid

th

BDPBDP

MWSMWS

Unusable network capacity!Unusable network capacity!

Link UtilizationLink Utilization


Link Utilization After Window Scaling

Latency

Ban

dwid

th

BDPBDP

Original MWSOriginal MWS

Cisco WAAS TFOCisco WAAS TFO

Able to fill the pipe!Able to fill the pipe!


Selective Acknowledgement

Standard TCP implementations acknowledge receipt of data by acknowledging the entire window has been received

Loss of a packet causes retransmission of the entire TCP window, causing performance degradation as the window becomes larger

1 2 3

1 2 3

Transmit

RetransmitACK

1 2

1 2 3

Receive

1 2 3ACK


Selective Acknowledgement (Cont.)

Cisco WAAS employs Selective Acknowledgement and extensions to improve acknowledgement of transmitted data, improve delivery of missing segments, and minimize unnecessary retransmission

3

1 2 3

Transmit

Retransmit

1 2

1 2 3

Receive

1 2ACK

1 2 3ACK


Cisco WAAS Large Initial Windows

While 80% of network traffic is typically associated with long-lived connections (elephants), approximately 80% of network connections are short-lived (mice)

Short-lived connections transmit smaller numbers of packets and are torn down before ever leaving the slow-start phase of TCP

Cisco WAAS Large Initial Windows, based on RFC3390, increases initial window size to expedite entry into congestion avoidance mode for high throughput


Cisco WAAS Large Initial WindowsSe

gmen

ts p

er R

ound

Trip

(cw

nd)

Round Trips

TCPTCP

TFOTFO

Packet LossPacket Loss

Slow-Start(discovery)Slow-Start(discovery)

CongestionAvoidance

(high-throughput)

CongestionAvoidance

(high-throughput)


CIFS and WAN

Round Trip Time (RTT) ~ 0mS

Client

LAN Switch

Server

Round Trip Time (RTT) ~ many many milliseconds

ServerClient

LAN Switch

LAN Switch

Routed Network


WAN

Application Adapters Mitigate Latency

Application and protocol awarenessEliminate unnecessary chatter and transferPre-populate edge cache as necessaryEnable disconnected operations

Intelligent protocol proxyTransparent or non-transparentImproves application response timeProvide origin server offload

WAASv4 application adaptersCIFS (Windows File Services)Windows printing

Cache andProtocol

Proxy

~90% msgs10% actual

storage

WANOptimizationDRE/TFO/LZ

Origin Server

100% of capacity


File PrepositionFiles can be prepositioned into an Edge WAFS device cache to improve performance for first-user access

Scheduled acquisition and distribution of filesPopulates DRE database on WAEsCache hit on first user access, local delivery

Preposition is commonly used in environments where the need to deliver large files or large amounts of data is critical

CAD/CAM PackagesEngineering, Software DevelopmentSoftware distribution, patch managementImaging


Print Services Capabilities

WAASv4 provides centrally managed print services, including driver upload and distribution

Distribute to a single WAE or amongst a group (via FTP)Automatic distribution of driver updates or deletions from CM to WAE Print ServersNo reverse replication of drivers added directly to a WAE Print Server back to the CMInitially only provides support for a single version of a single driver within the CM driver repository

Supports 3rd-party tools to manage printers and drivers via SAMBA RPCs

Guest printing allows printing (no user authentication for printing)


Cisco WAAS


Cisco WAAS

• Comprehensive feature set

– Wide range of app acceleration– WAN optimization– WAFS / print server

• Seamless network integration

• Combination software/hardware– Transport & Enterprise versions– Router module & WAE appliances

• Complete end-to-end solution– WAAS + IOS + load balancing

WAE-7326

WAE-612

Branch

Data Center

NME-WAE WAE-512

Hardware platforms


WAE Family Positioning

Performance and Scalability

Price

NME-WAEUp to 500 TCP Up to 2Mbps WANUp to 120GB disk

WAE-512Up to 2000 TCP Up to 20Mbps WANUp to 250GB disk




Inline Considerations

Physical inline interceptionPhysical in-path deploymentFail-to-wire bypassNo router configuration

4-port with fail-to-wireMechanical fail-through Supports HW/SW/power failureTwo two-port groupsSerial clustering for high availability

InteroperabilityAutomatic discovery and transparencySupports other sites using WCCP/PBR802.1q and configurable VLANsWAE-512/612/7326 appliances

Cisco WAE 4-portInline card

WAN

Basic Inline Deployment


WAAS License Positioning

YesNoWide Area File Services (WAFS) for file sharing, collaboration, backup consolidation, software distribution

–Windows (CIFS) –UNIX (NFS)

Local Services –Print and other services

Infrastructure

Consolidation

YesYesAny TCP-based Application.

Optimization for over 60 applications including:

–Web (http, https) –Bulk transfer (ftp) –Email (MAPI, SMTP) –Citrix –SQL

Generic WAN

Optimization

EnterpriseTransportApplications/Protocol(s)

WAAS Presentation-Aca Vulovic

Documents

Transcript of WAAS Presentation-Aca Vulovic