VIPEHOLM STUDY BATCH - 7

III BDS

2011-2012

HISTORY In the 1930s, it had been clearly

documented that dental health in Scandinavia was extremely poor.

This finding resulted in a proposal to the Parliament about the need for research for a general investigation concerning what measures should be taken to decrease the frequency of the most common dental diseases in Sweden.

INTRODUCTION In 1947-1949 a group of mental patients in Vipeholm

Institution, Lund , Sweden were used as subjects in a full-scale experiment designed to bring about tooth decay.

Performed by Gustafsson et al

This was the start of the Vipeholm experiments.

METHOD Institutional diet was nutritious. Contained little sugar. Four meals were eaten. Dental caries rate in inmates were low. 1 control + 6 experimental groups.

METHOD1.ControlGroup2.Experimental groups :a.Sucrose group.b.Bread group.c.Chocolate group.d.Caramel group.e.An 8 toffee group.f. A 24 toffee group.

RESULT Caries activity was very low in basic diet and also

when sucrose was given at meal time.

Exception to this is the male bread group which showed increased caries activity in the second year.

RESULT Sugar given in sticky form in between

meals increases caries activity significantly.

Around 20-30% of patients did not develop any new caries lesion in spite of frequent intake of these products for a long time.

RESULT

Caries continued to appear in subjects despite of their avoidance to refined food, sugars and carbohydrates.

In some cases sugar and other carbohydrates play a minor role .

DRAWBACKS Groups were made up from the patients in

individual wards with no possibility of matching age or initial caries status.

Patients were mentally challenged and did not always understand or follow the instructions clearly. *soben peter

DRAWBACKS Dietary regimes were not changed in a

consistent pattern , some groups having longer periods of meal over the others.

*soben peter

IMPLICATIONS resulted in an information campaign

about the risk of caries in conjunction with the frequent consumption of sugar.

"All the sweets you like but only once a week“

*Journal of dental research

CONCLUSION carbohydrate = caries

Risk of caries > if sugar is consumed in the form it can be retained.

Withdrawal of caries rich food caries activity disappears. * soben peter

THANK YOU Presentation by : Shashank SN Soundarya V Vharsha B Vinodhini J Shalini S Chavan Poornima N