Violence :
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Transcript of Violence :
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Violence :
Nanthaphan Chinlumprasert, Ph D.,R.N.
A Nursing Perspective
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
VIOLENCE
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Nurses, Always there For You: United Againat Violence (ICN, 2001)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
What is violence?
The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment or deprivation. (WHO, 2000)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Typology of violence
1) Self- directed Suicidal behavior
Self-abuse
2) InterpersonalFamily/partner Violence
Community Violence
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
3) CollectiveSocial Violence
Political Violence
Economic Violence
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Classification of Violence
Youth Violence Child MaltreatmentViolence Against Women by Intimate PartnersElder Abuse
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Sexual Violence
Self-directed Violence
Collective Violence
Organized Violence The inter-human infliction of significant, avoidable pain and suffering by an Organized group according to a declared or implied strategy and/or system of
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
ideas and attitudes, ……. . Organized violence includes ‘torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’ ……. . Imprisonment without trial, mock executions, hostage-taking or any other form of violent deprivation of liberty. (WHO, 1980, Geuns, 1987)
The definition includes government repression and also terrorist group violence.
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
How big is the problem of Violence?
1998
Estimates of Mortality
= 2.3 million people died from Violence
42% (Self-directed)
32% (Homicides-Interpersonal)
26% (War-related)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Tip of the iceberg From National Surveys
Physical assaults by intimate partners (lifetime estimates)
5.1 in Philippines
9.5 in Paraguay
22.1 in USA.29.0 in Canada
34.4 in Egypt
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Tip of the icebergLifetime estimates of sexual assault among
women living in cities or provinces around the world:
15.3 in Toronto
21.7 in Leon, Nicaragua
23.0 in North London
25.0 in One province in Zimbabwe
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Tip of the icebergRates of physical fighting in the past year
among adolescent males rang from:
22% among boys (grade 7) in Sweden
44% of boys (grades 9-12) in USA.
76% among boys (grades 8-10) in Jerusalem
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Injury Surveillance Report on Assaults in Thailand, 1991 (กองระบาด 2543, )
Physical Assault Injury = 11, 367 cases (Death = 334 cases)
(Data gathered from 10 hospitals)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Victim of Violence Who? Who? Who?
Forced prostitution
Homicide
Exploitation
Trafficking
Sexual harassment
Rape/Sexual assault
Domestic
Violence
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Violence against women
The United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women. “Any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical,
sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty; whether occurring in public or in private life.”
(UN General Assembly 1993)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
4 million/year of women in USA were abused/battered
8 million in 15-60+ age group
44% of women (5.4 million) age 15-44 in Thailand
(Archavanitkul et al., 2001)
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Violence against women is gender-based violence
ScopeDomestic Violence:
Dowry - related, female genital mutilation, Marital rape, battering, homicide.
Violence in Public: Sexual assault, harrassment, trafficking, forced prostitution, exploitation, Pornography.
Organized Violence: Unfair social treatment , sex discrimination/ gender bias, ignore to women’s right violence pupetrated or condoned by the state.
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Root of violence against women
- Power inequalities b/w women and men
- Patriarchal society
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Gender role Soci
alizationMyth
sRape
Women sexuality Men sexu
ality
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What will victim / survivor of violence face?Blame
Guilt
Physical / Psychological Health Problems
Social condemn / stigma
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Consequence of violence- Physical injures / problems
- Psychological problems : Post traumaticn
syndrome, Suicide
- Psychosomatic disorder
- Social stigma
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
What should nurses have in dealing with violence survivals?
- Knowledge
- Positive attitude
- No blame, understanding
- Empathy
- Respect
- Strict confidentiality
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Nurses’ roles- Build trust
- Screening
- Private interview
- Holistic approach in caring / nursing
- Advocate
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
- nurse’s role in development of health services for Violence survivals- nurse’s role in development of body of knowledge
on violence against women.
- Nurse and self development for providing effective
care for any form of violence survival.
Vision of nurse on violence issues.
- Nurse and violence prevention in Thai society.
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Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
Thank you