V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems An assessment...

V-TEPPFA 3N/201315 May 2013

The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems

An assessment based on Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)


Outline

About TEPPFA

Our goal

What is a life-cycle assessment

What is an Environmental Product Declaration - EPD

Development of EPDs

Indicators

Plastic pipe systems applications

Key results

Detailed environmental impact assessment


About TEPPFA

TEPPFA is The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association representing the key manufacturers of plastic pipe systems and national associations in Europe

TEPPFA is actively involved in the promotion and acceptance of plastic pipe systems for all applications

TEPPFA members decided on voluntary basis to develop EPD’s for their main products


Our goal

This initiative aims to measure the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems throughout their entire life cycle

Manufacturing

Transport

Use

End of life


What is a life cycle assessment?

A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a standardized tool that reviews the environmental impact of products throughout their entire life cycle

It is the most recognised method to quantify environmental impacts of products, processes and/or systems


What is an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)?

EPD provides a standard way of communicating the output of a life cycle assessment

EPD allows to make direct comparisons with alternative materials

The EPD provides LCA-based information to assess the environmental performance of plastic pipes over their entire life cycle, from cradle to grave


Development of EPDs

Companies provided data

ReviewCreator of framework

Life-cycle assessment


Indicators

The Life Cycle Impact on the environment is divided into the following categories:

Acidification potential: emissions from manufacturing processes resulting in acid rain

Abiotic depletion: exhaustion of natural resources

Eutrophication: over-fertilisation of water and soil

Global warming: insulating effect of greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and methane

Ozone layer depletion: depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere caused by emissions of pollutants

Photochemical oxidation: photochemical reaction of sunlight with primary air pollutants, that leads to chemical smog


Applications of plastic pipe systems

Soil, waste

Water distribution pressure

Drainage, sewage

Plumbing, Hot & Cold water


Detailed environmental impact assessment

Sewage applications (non pressure)-> PVC sewer solid wall-> PVC multilayer foam-> PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe system-> PP structured (twin) wall

Water distribution applications (pressure)-> PE pipe systems-> PVC – U pipe systems-> PVC – O; MRS 31,5 MPa pipe systems -> PVC – O; MRS 45 MPa pipe systems

Soil and waste applications-> PP pipe systems-> PVC pipe systems

Plumbing, Hot & Cold applications-> PEX solid wall pipe systems-> Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems


Soil and waste applicationsSoil and waste applications

DRAINAGE - SEWAGE SIDE (non-pressure)

Pipe systemsPPPVC


PP; Soil & waste pipe systems – functional unit

Function Gravity discharge and transport of soil and waste from an apartment of 100 m2 to the entrance of a public sewer system

PropertiesPipes 5 m, plain ended, solid wall, single layer, grey colouredDiameter range:

DN/OD 50; 75; 110 mm

Fittings all socket type

Pipes and fittings designed in class S20 according to EN 12056-2 PP pipe system components (pipes, fittings and rubber rings) are in accordance with EN 1451

Service lifetime50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

Soil & waste gravity pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.


Average appr. 9 %

Data for Ductile Iron are based on publicly available figures

PP soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance

*Please note that any references to the average differences in environmental impact between plastics and alternative materials have been calculated by TEPPFA for illustrative purposes only and do not form part of the studies conducted by VITO and validated by DenkstattComparison is based on the functional unit


PP soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance

Global Warming (in Kg CO2 equivalent)

Transport aircraft 2000 kmPP pipe system

1 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PP pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PP soil & waste pipe systems global PP soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparisonwarming comparison

Impact on global warming (in kg CO2 equivalent)

Comparison is based on the functional unit


PVC; Soil & waste pipe systems – functional unit

Function Gravity discharge and transport of soil and waste from a typical European apartment of 100 m2 to the entrance of a public sewer system

PropertiesPipes 5 m, Plain ended, solid wall, single layer, grey colouredDiameter range:

DN/OD 50; 75; 110 mmFittings all socket typeSBR ring sealed (50%)Solvent cemented (50%)

Pipes and fittings EN 1329Application area code: B; BD

Service lifetime50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

Soil & waste gravity pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.


PVC soil & waste pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 14 %




PVC soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC pipe system

1,6 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PVC soil & waste pipe systems global warming comparison




Water pressure applications

Pipe systems

PE

PVC – U

PVC – O; MRS 31,5 MPa

PVC – O; MRS 45 MPa


PE water pressure pipe systems – functional unit

Function Below ground pressure transportation of drinking water over a distance of 100 meters from the exit of the water plant to the water meter in a building

PropertiesDiameter: DN/OD 110 mmLength 100 mPE 100SDR 17Wall thickness 6,6 mmFittings (EF & BW)Flow 0,5-2,0 m/sEN 12201 / EN 805

Service lifetime 100 years

Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings etc.


PE water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 19%


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion

Acidification Eutrophication Global warming Ozone layer depletion

Photochemical oxidation

DI

PE



PE water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPE pipe system

8,9 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PE pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PE water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison




PVC-U water pressure pipe systems functional unit


PropertiesDiameter: DN/OD 110 mmLength 100 mPVC-U; MRS 25MPaSDR 26Pressure class: PN 10Wall thickness 4,2 mmFittings PVC-U and Ductile Iron socketedFlow 0,5-2,0 m/sEN ISO 1452 / EN 805




PVC-U water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 17%




PVC–U water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC-U pipe system

8,9 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-U pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PVC–U water pressure pipe systems global warming comparison




PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe functional unit


Properties Diameter: DN/OD 110 mmLength 100 mPVC-U; MRS 31,5 MpaSDR 41Pressure class: PN 10Wall thickness 2,7 mmFittings PVC-U (EN ISO 1452) and Ductile Iron, socketedFlow 0,5-2,0 m/sISO 16422 / EN 805




PVC–O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 14 %






Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC-O; 31,5 MPa pipe system

7,2 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-O; 31,5 MPa pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PVC–O; MRS 45 MPa; Water pressure pipe systems – functional unit


PropertiesDiameter: DN/OD 110 mmLength 100 mPVC-U; MRS 45 MpaSDR 65Pressure class: PN 10Wall thickness 1,8 mmFittings PVC-U (EN ISO 1452) and Ductile Iron, socketedFlow 0,5-2,0 m/sISO 16422 / EN 805


Water distribution pressure pipe systems comprising pipe, fittings etc.


PVC–O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 12 %






Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC-O; 45 MPa pipe system

6,1 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC-O; 45 MPa pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


Sewage and drainage applications

Pipe systemsPVC-Solid wallPVC-ML foamPVC-ML foam +recyclatesPP twin wall


PVC solid wall; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit

Function Below ground gravity transportation of sewage over a distance of 100 meters by a typical public sewer system from the collection point to the entrance of the waste treatment plant.

Properties Dia: DN/OD 250 mmSN 4 kN/m2

Length 100 mManhole at 45 m intervalsPVC-U solid wall SN 4 EN 1401SocketedPVC-U fittingsSBR sealing ringsSlope 1/200Filling rate 100%


Sewage pipe systems comprising pipes, fittings, etc.


PVC sewer solid wall – pipe systemsenvironmental performance

Average appr. 92%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion

Acidification Eutrophication Golbal warming

Ozone layer depletion


Concrete DN 250

PVC soild w DN/OD 250

Data for Concrete are based on publicly available figures



PVC sewer solid wall pipe systemsglobal warming comparison

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC solid wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC solid wallpipe system

26,9 Kg

334 Kg


PVC sewer solid wall – pipe systemsglobal warming comparison



0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Concrete DN 250

PVC solid wall Product stage

Construction process stage

Use stage

End of life stage


PVC multilayer foam core; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit


Properties Diameter: DN/OD 250 mmSN 4 kN/m2

Length 100 mManhole at 45 m intervalsPVC multilayer foam EN 13476SocketedPVC-U fittingsSBR sealing ringsSlope 1/200Filling rate 100%




PVC multilayer foam –pipe systemsenvironmental performance

Average appr. 88 %

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion




Concrete DN 250

PVC ML foam core DN/OD 250




PVC multilayer foam pipe systemsglobal warming comparison

Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC multilayer foam pipe system

22,7 Kg


Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC solid wall pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PVC multilayer foam – pipe systemsglobal warming comparison



0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Concrete DN 250

PVC ML foam core

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PVC multilayer foam plus recyclatesSewage pipe systems – functional unit


Properties Diameter: DN/OD 250 mmSN 4 kN/m2

Length 100 mManhole at 45 m intervalsPVC multilayer recyclates EN 13476SocketedPVC-U fittingsSBR sealing ringsSlope 1/200Filling rate 100%




PVC multilayer foam + recyclates environmental performance

Average appr. 88 %


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion

Acidification Eutrophication Golbal warming Ozone layer depletion


Concrete DN 250

PVC ML foam + recyclates core DN/OD 250



PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems global warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPVC multilayer recyclates pipe system

21,7 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PVC multilayer foam + recyclates – global warming comparison



0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Concrete

PVC ML foam + recyclates core Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PP structured (twin) wall; Sewage pipe systems – functional unit


Properties Diameter: DN/ID 300 mmSN 8 kN/m2

Length 100 mManhole at 45 m intervalsPP structured (twin) wallEN 13476SocketedPP fittingsSBR sealing ringsSlope 1/200Filling rate 100%




PP structured (twin) wall pipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 79 %


0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

70,00%

80,00%

90,00%

100,00%

Abiotic depletion

Acidif ication Eutrophication Global warming



Concrete

PP Twin Wall



PP structured (twin) wall pipe systemsglobal warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPP structured (twin) wall pipe system

23,2 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PVC multilayer recyclates pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

334 Kg


PP structured (twin) wall pipe systems environmental performance


0 10 20 30 40

Concrete

PP twin

Product stage

Construction process stageUse stage

End of life stage



SUPPLY SIDE(pressure)

Pipe systems

PEX solid wall

Polymer/Al/Polymer ML

Plumbing, Hot & Cold applications


PEX; Hot & Cold pipe systems – functional unit

Function The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m2 to the taps

PropertiesPipes PEX Solid wall, single layer

FittingsPPSU and Brass

EN 806 and EN 15875

Service lifetime 50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)



PEX hot & cold pipe systemsenvironmental performance

Average appr. 23 %

Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures




Transport aircraft 2000 kmPEX pipe system

0,9 Kg

334 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of PEX solid wall Hot&Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon

PEX hot & cold pipe systemsglobal warming comparison


PEX hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison




Polymer/Aluminium/Polymer; Hot & Cold water pipe systems – functional unit

Function The pressure supply and transport of hot & cold drinking water from the entrance of a typical European apartment of 100 m2 to the taps

PropertiesPipes Different wall structures and combinations of PE and PEX materials with Aluminium middle layerEN ISO 21003

Fittings PPSU and Brass

SystemEN 806

Service lifetime 50 years (aligned with the life time of the apartment)

Water distribution pressure pipe comprising pipes, fittings etc.


Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & coldpipe systems environmental performance

Average appr. 20%

Data for Copper are based on publicly available figures



Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison


Transport aircraft 2000 kmPol/Al/Pol ML pipe system

0,8 Kg

334 Kg

Comparison of the global warming impact of a functional unit of Polymer/Al/Polymer ML Hot&Cold pipe system and 1 person flying from Amsterdam to Lisbon


Polymer/Al/Polymer ML hot & cold pipe systems global warming comparison




Conclusion

The development of EPD’s allows a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems over their life cycle

EPD’s indicate that the impact of plastic pipe systems on the environment is smaller than traditional materials

TEPPFA is committed to review the EPD’s every 5 years according to ISO standards and EN 15804 requirements

TEPPFA members are committed to further reduce the environmental impact of plastic pipe systems


Contact info

TEPPFAAvenue de Cortenbergh, 71

1000 BrusselsBelgium

tel: +32 2 736 24 06fax: +32 2 736 58 82www.teppfa.eu [email protected]


Back up slides - Indicators


Environmental indicators from the life cycle assessment

The Life Cycle Impact of the system on the environment is divided into the categories*:

1. Abiotic depletion

2. Acidification

3. Eutrophication

4. Global warming

5. Ozone layer depletion

6. Photochemical oxidation

*These 6 environmental impact criteria were chosen for the first 12 plastic pipe EPDs based on the prEN 15804 draft standard for EPDs used in building and construction, as recommended by the CEN (European Committee for Standardisation)/TC Technical Committee. The final EN15804 standard, which came into force in 2012, actually specifies 7 impact criteria, rather than 6 (in the final vote stage the impact category abiotic depletion was divided into two parts. One for fossil resources like oil, etc. and expressed in MJ equivalent. The other part covers the depletion of non-fossil resources (elements) and it is expressed in the Sb equivalent. Any further EPDs developed by TEPPFA will follow the newly published standard and use 7 impact categories .


1. Abiotic depletion

Over-extraction of minerals, fossil fuels and other non-living, non-renewable materials leads to exhaustion of our natural resources

2. Acidification potential

Emissions, such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, from manufacturing processes result in acid rain which harms our soil, water supplies, human and animal organisms, and our ecosystem


3. Eutrophication potential

Eutrophication results from over-fertilisation of water and soil by nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from human activity, speeding up plant growth and killing off animal life in lakes and waterways

4. Global warming potential (CO2 equivalent)

The insulating effect of greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and methane, in our

atmosphere is a major contributor to global warming, affecting our health and that of the ecosystem in which we live


5. Ozone-depletion potential

Depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere caused by the emission of chemical foaming and cleaning agents allows the passage of greater levels of UV from the sun, causing skin cancer and reducing crop yields

6. Photochemical oxidation potential

The photochemical reaction of sunlight with primary air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides leads to chemical smog that affect our health and that of our ecosystem and food crops


Back up slides – Detailed data


Important information

All data presented are on yearly basis

Data for traditional materials (Concrete, Ductile Iron and Copper) are based on publicly available data

Traditional material LCA reports have been validated (critical reviews by Denkstatt completed in 2011 - 2012)

All the studies are the property of TEPPFA

For more information please contact [email protected] or visit www.teppfa.eu


PP pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications

Impact category Abiotic depletion Acidification Eutrophication Global warming Ozone layer

depletionPhotochemical

oxidation

Life cycle phases kg Sb eq kg SO2 eq kg PO4--- eq kg CO2 eq kg CFC-11 eq kg C2H4 eq

Production raw materials for PP pipes 0,00589 0,00114 0,00013 0,35713 0,0000000004 0,00008

Transport of raw materials for PP pipe to converter

0,00005 0,00003 0,00001 0,00685 0,000000001 0,000001

Extrusion PP pipes 0,00060 0,00035 0,00022 0,08054 0,000000004 0,00002

Production raw materials for PP fittings 0,00253 0,00049 0,00005 0,15334 0,0000000002 0,00003

Transport of raw materials for PP fittings to converter

0,00004 0,00002 0,000005 0,00484 0,000000001 0,0000006

Injection moulding PP fittings 0,00038 0,00021 0,00013 0,04954 0,000000003 0,00001

Production of SBR rubberrings 0,00075 0,00028 0,00006 0,06915 0,00000001 0,00001

Transport of complete PP pipe system to the building site (apartment)

0,00075 0,00039 0,00011 0,10643 0,00000002 0,00002

Installation of PP pipe system (in apartment)

0,00031 0,00014 0,00007 0,05641 0,000000003 0,00002

Operational use of PP pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maintenance of PP pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Transport of PP pipe system to EoL (after 50 years of service life time apartment)

0,00008 0,00004 0,00001 0,01140 0,000000002 0,000001

EoL of PP pipe system (after 50 years of service life time of apartment)

-0,00037 -0,00017 -0,000141 0,07448 -0,000000002 -0,00001

Total 0,01100 0,00291 0,00066 0,97011 0,00000004 0,00018

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage

A: contribution > 50 %: most important, significant influenceB: 25 % < contribution ≤ 50 %: very important, relevant influence


PP pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications


PVC pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications



oxidation


Production raw materials for PVC pipes 0,00808 0,00185 0,00031 0,68734 1,75E-09 0,000113

Transport of raw materials for PVC pipe to converter

0,00024 0,00013 0,00003 0,03232 5,32E-09 0,000004

Extrusion PVC pipes 0,00103 0,00061 0,00040 0,13841 6,63E-09 0,000026

Production raw materials for PVC fittings 0,00348 0,00078 0,00013 0,29371 3,20E-10 0,000049

Transport of raw materials for PVC fittings to converter

0,00007 0,00004 0,000011 0,00990 1,63E-09 0,000001

Injection moulding PVC fittings 0,00092 0,00054 0,00035 0,12290 5,71E-09 0,000023

Production of SBR rubberrings 0,00027 0,00010 0,00002 0,02525 4,90E-09 0,000005

Production of solvent-cement 0,00003 0,00001 0,0000026 0,00250 1,28E-10 0,000001

Production of cleaning agent 0,00003 0,00000462 0,0000015 0,00175 3,18E-11 0,000000

Transport of complete PVC pipe system to the building site (apartment)

0,00113 0,00059 0,00017 0,16191 2,42E-08 0,000029

Installation of PVC pipe system (in apartment)

0,00029 0,00012 0,00006 0,05069 2,82E-09 0,000016

Operational use of PVC pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maintenance of PVC pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Transport of PVC pipe system to EoL (after 50 years of service life time apartment)

0,00017 0,00009 0,00002 0,02458 3,72E-09 0,000003

EoL of PVC pipe system (after 50 years of service life time of apartment)

-0,00022 -0,00010 -0,00010 0,08699 -1,32E-13 -0,000003

Total 0,01552 0,00479 0,00142 1,63825 0,000000057 0,000268

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage

A: contribution > 50 %: most important, significant influenceB: 25 % < contribution ≤ 50 %: very important, relevant influence


PVC pipe systems for Soil & Waste applications





oxidation

Life cycle phases kg Sb eq kg SO2 eq kg PO4--- eq kg CO2 eq kg CFC-11 eq kg C2H4-eq

Production of raw materials for PE pipes 0,07466 0,01460 0,00125 4,31483 0,00000007 0,00137

Transport of raw materials for PE pipe to converter

0,00075 0,00040 0,00011 0,10142 0,00000002 0,00001

Extrusion PE (pipe) 0,00527 0,00325 0,00214 0,71205 0,00000003 0,00013

Production of raw materials for PE fittings 0,00552 0,00108 0,00009 0,31889 0,00000001 0,00010

Transport of raw materials for PE fittings to converter

0,00006 0,00003 0,00001 0,00769 0,000000001 0,000001

Injection moulding PE (fittings) 0,00149 0,00097 0,00068 0,19495 0,00000001 0,00004

Production of galvanised steel for bolts, ring, washers, nuts

0,00392 0,00170 0,00103 0,48186 0,00000002 0,00023

Production of EPDM gaskets 0,00008 0,00002 0,000007 0,00553 0,000000002 0,000001

Transport of complete PE pipe system to trench

0,00143 0,00060 0,00016 0,20109 0,00000003 0,00002

Installation of PE pipe system 0,01709 0,01634 0,00421 2,48451 0,0000003 0,00049

Operational use of PE pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maintenance of PE pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Transport of complete PE pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time)

0,00015 0,00007 0,00002 0,02065 0,000000003 0,000003

EoL of PE pipe system (after 100 years of service life time)

-0,00051 -0,00021 -0,00020 0,11545 -0,000000002 -0,00001

Total 0,10991 0,03886 0,00951 8,95893 0,0000005 0,00240

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage

A: contribution > 50 %: most important, significant influence

B: 25 % < contribution ≤ 50 %: very important, relevant influence


PVC-U water pressure pipe systems environmental performance

Impact categoryAbiotic

depletionAcidification Eutrophication Global warming




Production of raw materials for PVC pipes 0,04726 0,01081 0,00182 4,02011 9,27E-09 0,000658


0,00069 0,00037 0,00010 0,09348 1,54E-08 0,000012

Extrusion PVC (pipe) 0,00527 0,00308 0,00199 0,67971 2,83E-08 0,000129

Production of raw materials for PVC fittings 0,00434 0,00098 0,00016 0,36621 4,12E-10 0,000061


0,00010 0,00005 0,00001 0,01332 2,17E-09 0,000002

Injection moulding PVC (fittings) 0,00104 0,00063 0,00042 0,14028 6,09E-09 0,000026

Production of ductile iron fittings 0,00418 0,00176 0,00093 0,46450 1,82E-08 0,000256

Production of galvanised steel for bolt, rings, washer, nut

0,00110 0,00048 0,00029 0,13475 5,85E-09 0,000063

Production of cutter of steel 0,00018 0,00008 0,00005 0,02159 9,37E-10 0,000010

Production of EPDM gaskets 0,00063 0,00015 0,00005 0,04431 1,68E-08 0,000008

Transport of complete PVC pipe system to trench

0,00294 0,00151 0,00042 0,41866 6,34E-08 0,000053

Installation of PVC pipe system 0,01710 0,01635 0,00422 2,48178 3,17E-07 0,000492



Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time)

0,00014 0,00007 0,00002 0,02051 3,11E-09 0,0000026

EoL of PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life time)

-0,00011 -0,00003 -0,00006 0,06494 7,35E-10 -0,0000012

Total 0,08485 0,03629 0,01042 8,96415 0,00000049 0,0017717

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage




PVC-U water pressure pipe systemsenvironmental performance


PVC-O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance



oxidation



Transport of raw materials for PVC pipe to converter 0,00045 0,00024 0,00006 0,06025 9,91E-09 0,000008



Transport of raw materials for PVC fittings to converter 0,00010 0,00005 0,00001 0,01332 2,17E-09 0,000002



Production of galvanised steel for bolt, rings, washer, nut 0,00110 0,00048 0,00029 0,13475 5,85E-09 0,000063



Transport of complete PVC pipe system to trench 0,00211 0,00109 0,00030 0,30091 4,56E-08 0,000038




Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time) 0,00010 0,00005 0,00001 0,01397 2,12E-09 0,000002

EoL of PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life time) -0,00008 -0,00002 -0,00004 0,04395 4,98E-10 -0,000001

Total 0,06548 0,03116 0,00920 7,17602 0,00000045 0,001487

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage




PVC-O; 31,5 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance


PVC-O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems environmental performance



oxidation



Transport of raw materials for PVC pipe to converter 0,00031 0,00017 0,00004 0,04211 6,93E-09 0,000006



Transport of raw materials for PVC fittings to converter 0,00010 0,00005 0,00001 0,01332 2,17E-09 0,000002



Production of galvanised steel for bolt, rings, washer, nut 0,00110 0,00048 0,00029 0,13475 5,85E-09 0,000063



Transport of complete PVC pipe system to trench 0,00166 0,00085 0,00024 0,23643 3,58E-08 0,000030




Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time) 0,00007 0,00004 0,00001 0,01056 1,60E-09 0,000001

EoL of PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life time) -0,00006 -0,00001 -0,00003 0,03249 3,69E-10 -0,000001

Total 0,05462 0,02807 0,00831 6,14896 0,00000043 0,001321

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage




PVC-O; 45 MPa water pressure pipe systems – environmental performance


PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems

Impact category Abiotic depletion Acidification Eutrophication Global warmingOzone layer


oxidation


Production raw materials for PVC pipes

0,14189 0,03248 0,00550 12,06680 0,00000003 0,00199


0,00251 0,00135 0,00036 0,34356 0,00000006 0,00004

Extrusion PVC (pipes) 0,01634 0,01000 0,00656 2,18538 0,00000009 0,00042

Production raw materials for PVC fittings

0,00801 0,00180 0,00030 0,67064 0,000000003 0,00012


0,00017 0,00009 0,00002 0,02354 0,000000004 0,000003

Injection moulding PVC (fittings) 0,00199 0,00118 0,00077 0,26319 0,00000001 0,00005

Production of SBR sealing rings 0,00217 0,00082 0,00017 0,19950 0,00000004 0,00004

Production of PP manholes 0,04315 0,01030 0,00274 3,00678 0,00000004 0,00064


0,00487 0,00206 0,00054 0,68541 0,00000011 0,00008

Installation of PVC pipe system 0,04536 0,04400 0,01125 6,56941 0,00000084 0,00132


Maintenance of PVC pipe system 0,00380 0,00408 0,00098 0,55092 0,0000001 0,00011

Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time)

0,00052 0,00027 0,00007 0,07429 0,00000001 0,000009

EoL treatment PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life time)

-0,00042 -0,00010 -0,00022 0,23816 0,000000003 -0,000005

Total 0,27037 0,10833 0,02905 26,87759 0,0000013 0,00482



Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PVC sewer solid wall pipe systems

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion Acidification Eutrophication Global warming Ozone layer depletion


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Environmental impact categories


Transport of PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time)

Maintenance of PVC pipe system

Operational use of PVC pipe system

Installation of PVC pipe system


Production of PP manholes

Production of SBR sealing rings

Injection moulding PVC (fittings)



Extrusion PVC (pipes)




PVC sewer multilayer, foam core pipe systems



oxidation



0,10111 0,02314 0,00392 8,59345 0,000000026 0,0014193


0,00179 0,00096 0,00026 0,24461 0,000000040 0,0000315



0,00801 0,00180 0,00030 0,67064 0,0000000030 0,0001157


0,00017 0,00009 0,00002 0,02354 0,0000000038 0,0000031





0,00374 0,00158 0,00042 0,52715 0,00000008 0,0000641



0 0 0 0 0 0


Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of

0,00040 0,00020 0,00006 0,05654 0,0000000086 0,0000072

EoL treatment PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life

-0,00032 -0,00008 -0,00016 0,18081 0,0000000020 -0,0000035

Total 0,22464 0,09618 0,02602 22,64862 0,0000012 0,0041396



Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PVC sewer multilayer, foam core pipe systems

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Rel

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PVC sewer multilayer, foam + recyclates core pipe systems



oxidation



0,08811 0,02054 0,00377 7,53217 0,000000029 0,00125


0,00163 0,00087 0,00023 0,22233 0,000000036 0,00003



0,00801 0,00180 0,00030 0,67064 0,0000000030 0,00012


0,00017 0,00009 0,00002 0,02354 0,0000000038 0,000003





0,00393 0,00166 0,00044 0,55291 0,000000087 0,00007



0 0 0 0 0 0


Transport of complete PVC pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of

0,00042 0,00022 0,00006 0,05981 0,0000000091 0,000008

EoL treatment PVC pipe system (after 100 years of service life

-0,00033 -0,00008 -0,00017 0,19143 0,0000000022 -0,000004

Total 0,21262 0,09416 0,02625 21,73348 0,0000012 0,00399

Use stage

End of life stage


B: 25 % < contribution ? 50 %: very important, relevant influence

Product stage



PVC sewer multilayer, foam + recyclates core pipe systems

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%



Rel

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PP sewer structured (twin wall) pipe systems



oxidation


Production raw materials for PP pipes

0,14917 0,02875 0,00322 9,03876 1,29E-08 0,00201

Transport of raw materials for PP pipe to converter

0,00377 0,00201 0,00054 0,50765 8,35E-08 0,00007

Extrusion PP (pipes) 0,01192 0,00712 0,00462 1,56587 6,64E-08 0,00032

Production raw materials for PP fittings

0,00732 0,00141 0,00016 0,44326 6,33E-10 0,00010

Transport of raw materials for PP fittings to converter

0,00018 0,00009 0,00003 0,02371 3,90E-09 0,00000

Injection moulding PP (fittings) 0,00094 0,00053 0,00034 0,12214 5,72E-09 0,00002

Production of SBR sealing rings 0,00241 0,00091 0,00019 0,22195 4,31E-08 0,00004

Production of PP manholes 0,04297 0,01026 0,00273 2,99449 3,95E-08 0,00064

Transport of complete PP sewer pipe system to trench

0,00285 0,00121 0,00032 0,40161 6,34E-08 0,00005

Installation of PP sewer pipe system

0,04663 0,04489 0,01150 6,76940 8,64E-07 0,00135

Operational use of PP sewer pipe system

0 0 0 0 0,00E+00 0

Maintenance of PP sewer pipe system

0,00507 0,00531 0,00136 0,73614 8,77E-08 0,00016

Transport of complete PP sewer pipe system to EoL (after 100 years of service life time)

0,00036 0,00019 0,00005 0,05145 7,80E-09 0,00001

EoL treatment PP pipe system (after 100 years of service life time)

-0,00129 -0,00054 -0,00050 0,28831 -5,77E-09 -0,00003

Total 0,27230 0,10214 0,02455 23,16476 0,0000013 0,00473


Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage



PP sewer structured (twin wall)pipe systems

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion

Acidification Eutrophication Global warming (GWP100)

Ozone layer depletion (ODP)


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EOL treatment PP pipe system

Transport of complete PP sewer pipe system to EOL

Maintenance of PP pipe system

Operational use

Installation of PP sewer pipe system at trench

Transport of complete PP pipe system to trench



Injection moulding of PP fittings

Transport of recipe to converter

Production of raw materials recipe for PP fittings

Extrusion PP sewer pipes

Transport of recipe to converter

Production raw materials recipe for PP pipes


PEX pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold, solid wall applications



oxidation


Production raw materials for PEX pipes 0,00580 0,00114 0,00010 0,33595 0,0000000004 0,00011

Transport of raw materials for PEX pipe to converter 0,00006 0,00003 0,00001 0,00825 0,000000001 0,000001

Extrusion PEX (pipes) 0,00144 0,00086 0,00056 0,19284 0,00000001 0,00004

Production of PPSU fittings 0,00103 0,00041 0,00040 0,10527 0,00000005 0,00012

Production of brass fittings 0,00030 0,00148 0,00160 0,04336 0,000000003 0,00006

Transport of complete PEX pipe system to building site (apartment) 0,00067 0,00035 0,00010 0,09614 0,00000001 0,00002

Installation of PEX pipe system in apartment 0,00066 0,00031 0,00018 0,09915 0,000000004 0,00004

Operational use of PEX pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maintenance of PEX pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Transport of PEX pipe system to EoL (after 50 years of service life time apartment)

0,00004 0,00002 0,00001 0,00603 0,000000001 0,000001

EoL of PEX pipe system (after 50 years of service life time of apartment)

-0,00025 -0,00011 -0,000094 0,05003 -0,000000001 -0,00001

Total 0,00976 0,00451 0,00286 0,93702 0,00000008 0,00037


Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage



PEX pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold, solid wall applications


Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold applications

Impact categoryAbiotic

depletionAcidification Eutrophication Global warming




Production raw materials for polymer ML pipes

0,00401 0,00079 0,00007 0,23096 2,45E-10 0,000076

Transport of raw materials for polymer ML pipe to converter

0,00004 0,00002 0,00001 0,00589 9,69E-10 0,000001

Production of aluminium layer for the polymer ML pipes

0,00071 0,00057 0,00021 0,11981 7,30E-09 0,000047

Transport of aluminium layer to converter 0,00001 0,000005 0,000001 0,00124 2,04E-10 0,000000

Extrusion of polymer ML pipes 0,00076 0,00038 0,00024 0,09853 5,84E-09 0,000016

Production of PPSU fittings 0,00103 0,00041 0,00040 0,10530 4,91E-08 0,000116

Production of brass fittings 0,00030 0,00148 0,00160 0,04336 2,90E-09 0,000056

Production of metal compression rings 0,00016 0,00022 0,00001 0,04074 0,00E+00 0,000010

Transport of complete polymer ML pipe system to building site (apartment)

0,00023 0,00012 0,00003 0,03282 4,92E-09 0,000005

Installation of polymer ML pipe system in apartment

0,00066 0,00031 0,00018 0,09950 3,94E-09 0,000036

Operational use of polymer ML pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maintenance of polymer ML pipe system 0 0 0 0 0 0

Transport of polymer ML pipe system to EoL (after 50 years of service life time apartment)

0,00004 0,00002 0,00001 0,00630 9,55E-10 0,0000008

EoL of polymer ML pipe system (after 50 years of service life time of apartment)

-0,00026 -0,00012 -0,000099 0,05252 -1,38E-09 -0,0000062

Total 0,00768 0,00421 0,00265 0,83697 0,0000000750 0,000358



Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


Polymer/Al/Polymer ML pipe systems for plumbing, Hot & Cold applications


Back up slides – sensitivity analyses


PVC sewer solid wall pipe systemsenvironmental performanceSensitivity analysis vs concrete 300mm

Average appr. 85 %

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion




Concrete

PVC solid wall




PVC sewer solid wall pipe systemsglobal warming comparisonSensitivity analysis vs concrete 300mm


0 10 20 30 40

Concrete

PVC solid wall

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage



PVC multilayer foam pipe systems environmental performanceSensitivity analysis vs. concrete DN 300 mm

Average appr. 78 %

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion

Acidification Eutrophication Golbal warming Ozone layer depletion


Concrete

PVC ML foam core





0 10 20 30 40

Concrete

PVC ML foam core

Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PVC multilayer foam pipe systems environmental performanceSensitivity analysis vs. concrete DN 300 mm


PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems environmental performanceSensitivity analysis vs concrete DN 300 mm

Average appr. 77 %

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Abiotic depletion




Concrete

PVC ML foam + recyclates core





0 10 20 30 40

Concrete

PVC ML foam +

recyclates core Product stage


Use stage

End of life stage


PVC multilayer foam + recyclates pipe systems global warming comparisonSensitivity analysis vs concrete DN 300 mm

V-TEPPFA 3N/2013

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V-TEPPFA 3N/2013 15 May 2013 The environmental performance of plastic pipe systems An assessment...

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