1. 1. URINARY SYSTEM BY SUDARSHANA ELAPATHA
2. 2. is the urinary system The main system which carries out Nitrogenous Excretion
3. 3. THE MAIN NITROGENOUS PRODUCTS urea and uric acid are the main nitrogenous products resulting from filteration in the kidneys Urea and uric acid are formed in the liver as a result of breaking down of excess amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds.
4. 4. PROCESS OF URINE FILTERATION 1) Blood in the renal artery enters the kidney 2) Urine is filtered out and blood enters the renal veins 3) Filtered urine moves along ureters and enter the bladder 4) Urine is passed out when bladder is filled Process of urine filteration by urinary system is sequenced as follows
5. 5. Principle organ which is involved in nitrogenous excretion is the kidney. Each kidney contains approximately one million nephrons which are the units for filtering urine.
6. 6. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY Renal cortex Renal medulla Renal vein Ureter Renal pyramid Renal pelvis
7. 7. STRUCTURE OF NEPHRON Bowmann's capsule Glomerulus Distal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Collecting duct Proximal convoluted tubule Glomerular filtrate
8. 8. SUB UNITS OF A NEPHRON Bowman's capsule with glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule
9. 9. Bowman's capsule together with glomerulus of nephrons are embedded in the renal cortex which is dark brown in colour .
10. 10. to drain into Bowmann's capsule. GLOMERULUS Renal artery branches into finer arteries and narrows abruptly forming a dense network of capillaries glomerulus. High pressure maintained in the glomerulus enables the fluid excluding blood cells and plasma proteins of the glomerular filtrate
11. 11. The section which is closer to the collecting duct is called the distal convoluted tubule. The section of convoluted tubule closer to Bowmann's capsule is called the proximal convoluted tubule
12. 12. The part of the nephron which is shaped like a loop is termed loop of Henle. LOOP OF HENLE
13. 13. REABSORBTION from the fluid that enters Bowman's capsule Glucose Amino acids Vitamins and all hormones 80% of salt and water Is reabsorbed by the convoluted tubules and loop of Henle in renal cortex
14. 14. COLLECTING DUCTS collecting ducts of nephrons are arranged into pyramid shaped clusters and open into the pelvis of the kidney Urine filtered out from nephrons enter into Collecting ducts
15. 15. ureters originate from pelvis URETERS
16. 16. PREVENT DISEASES RELATED TO URINARY SYSTEM
17. 17. STONES IN KIDNEY AND/OR BLADDER due to inadequate intake of water, regular intake of food high in salt and acids , abstaining from passing urine when needed and intake of certain medications for prolonged durations. Prolonged high blood pressure results in the malfunctioning of kidneys
18. 18. INFLAMMATION OF KIDNEY may result through bacterial infection. When renal failure occurs a kidney from a person with compatible blood and tissues can be transplanted.
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