Permanent

maxillary canine

1.The chronology of the tooth.

2.The morphology of the tooth.

3.Its clinical consideration

At the end of this lecture you must know:

What is maxillary canine???

Introduction Human canines are the longest and most stable of teeth in the dental arch. Only one tooth of this class is present in each quadrant. Canines are considered the cornerstones of the dental arch. They are the only teeth in the dentition with a single cusp. Maxillary canines by definition are the teeth in the maxilla distal, but closest to the incisors.

Nomenclatures The maxillary canine also named:

• Cornerstones.

• Cuspids.

General characteristics of the permanent

canines•All canines are the “Cornerstone” of the mouth•Extra bulk of bone on the labial portion of root called Canine eminence which help to support facial muscles•Longest root of any teeth making the canines the most stable teeth •In function, support the incisors and the premolars (makes for a smooth transition)•Longest tooth cervicoinsically

Why we have canines????

Function

Canines in human has a limited function of tearing food.

Chronology

• 1st. Evidence of calcification:

• Crown completed:

• Eruption:

• Root completion:

4 -5 months

6 -7 years.

11 – 13 years.

13 – 15 years.

MorphologyLabial Aspect:

( Facial Aspect )I ) Crown:

1. geometric outline:

2. surface outlines:

- mesial outline: ( including contact area )

- Distal outline: ( including contact area )

- cervical outline:

- incisal outline: ( including cusp tip )

3. surface describtion:

II) Root: 1. Mesial outline: 2. Distal outline: 3. Apex: 4. surface describtion:

⅓

⅔½

½

MorphologyLingual Aspect:

( palatal Aspect )I ) Crown:

1. geometric outline:

2. surface outlines:

- mesial outline: ( including contact area )

- Distal outline: ( including contact area )

- cervical outline:

- incisal outline: ( including cusp tip )

3. surface describtion:

II) Root: 1. Mesial outline: 2. Distal outline: 3. Apex: 4. surface describtion:

MorphologyMesial Aspect:

( Proximal Aspect )I ) Crown:

1. geometric outline:

2. surface outlines:

- Labial outline: ( including crest of curvature )

- Lingual outline: ( including crest of curvature )

- Cervical outline:

3. surface describtion.

II) Root: 1. Labialal outline. 2. Lingual outline. 3. Apex. 4. surface describtion.

⅓

⅔

MorphologyDistal Aspect:

( Proximal Aspect )I ) Crown:

1. geometric outline:

2. surface outlines:

- Labial outline ( including crest of curvature )

- Lingual outline ( including crest of curvature )

- cervical outline.

3. surface describtion.

II) Root: 1. Labial outline. 2. Lingual outline. 3. Apex. 4. surface describtion.

MorphologyIncisal Aspect: 1. geometric outline:

2. dimensions.

3. surface outlines:

- Labial outline.

- Lingual outline.

- cusp tip and cusp slopes.

3. surface describtion.

Clinical consideration

1. Anatomical

So we must choose conservative treatment as first choice as we can to preserve the normal facial shape

2. Esthetical

Canines appear during talking and laughing so it must be restored with materials that completely mimic the natural one.

3. Variations of the maxillary canine

Shape- a cusp-like tubercle is found on the cingulum.

-Lingual pits occur only infrequently .

Size

On occasion, the root is unusually long or unusually short.

PositionThe canine may be malposed or impacted.