United States Power Squadrons ® BS 98 03-37 - B 97 03-01 VHF RADIO VHF = Very High Frequency A...

BS 98 03-37 - B 97 03-01 United States Power Squadrons®

VHF RADIO

VHF = Very High Frequency A vital piece of safety equipment Clear, static-free messages 20-30 miles 24-hour contact with Coast Guard Contact other boats and shore stations 24-hour source of weather information


USE YOUR VHF RADIO LEGALLY

Distress Calls – Danger to life and property Safety Calls – Avoiding collision, safety

bulletins Operational Calls – Obtaining navigational

information, supplies, accommodations, repairs; arranging to meet other boats.

Public Correspondence – with shore public

telephone


CHANNEL 16 - DISTRESS, SAFETY AND CALLING

If you have your radio on, you must monitor channel 16

( In Coast Guard District 1, Channel 09 may also used)

All boats monitoring this channel insures that distress messages will be heard


SPECIAL RADIO WORDS

“Affirmative” = You are correct

“Negative” = No

“Out” = I am through talking “Over” = I am through talking;

I expect a reply

“Roger” = I received your last call OK

BS 98 03-43 - B 97 03-05-1 United States Power Squadrons®

EMERGENCY CALLSTHE DISTRESS SIGNAL

“MAYDAY”

For assistance when there is immediate danger to life and property

Examples• Life-threatening medical emergencies• Boat sinking• Boat on fire


EMERGENCY CALLSTHE URGENCY CALL

“PAN-PAN”

For assistance when the danger does not warrant a “MAYDAY” call

Examples:• Running out of fuel• Lost in a fog• Unable to control or operate vessel


EMERGENCY CALLSTHE SAFETY SIGNAL

“SECURITE”

For navigation safety messages

Examples:• Weather Alerts

• Operational signals - backing out of a slip, approaching a blind bend

• To report a navigational hazard, such as a sunken object in a busy channel


EMERGENCY CALLSINFORMATION VITAL FOROBTAINING ASSISTANCE

Your location The nature of your distress Description of your boat Number of persons aboard

(Any injured) Seaworthiness of your boat


06 Ship to ship safety

13 Navigational safety - ship to ship, locks and bridges

16 Distress, safety, calling

09 Alternative calling channel - ship to ship, ship to coast

22 Communication with Coast Guard after contacting on channel 16; for receiving

CG safety information

68, 69, 71, 72, 78 - Working channels

RECREATIONAL BOAT

VHF CHANNELS


NOAA WEATHERCHANNELS

WX-1, WX-2, WX-3,WX-4,WX-5, WX-6, WX-7,Canada - WX-4

PUBLICCORRESPONDENCE

CHANNELS

24, 25, 26, 27, 28,84, 85, 86 87, 88

Additional VHF Channels


“MARK”AN AID TO NAVIGATION YOU SEE

WHILE BOATING

TWO CATEGORIES OF MARKS

Lateral Marks• Marks starboard and port sides of a route

Non-Lateral Marks • Supplemental aids having no lateral significance


IDENTIFICATION OF “MARKS”

In Daylight• Shapes• Colors• Numbers or letters• Sounds

At Night• Light color and patterns• Sounds

Always Locate Marks On Your Chart

BS 98 03-03-1 - B 97 06-03 United States Power Squadrons®

TYPES OF “MARKS”

BUOYS• Floating marks anchored at specific

locations

BEACONS• Fixed marks permanently fastened

to the earth’s surface


“BUOYS” Floating Aids

• Various shapes and colors

Position approximate Identified by

• Number, letters, sound devices and lights

Chart symbol• diamond with a small position circle

• Magenta disc around position circle, if lighted


“BEACONS” Permanently fixed to Earth's surface Examples:

• Lighthouses

• Daybeacons

Identified by:• Numbers, letters, sound devices, lights

Chart symbols:• Unlighted - small triangle or square

• Lighted - magenta flare with a black position dot


The “3-R” Rule Red - Right - Returning

When Returning from sea, keep red side-of-channel marks to your starboard

“Returning” is:• Entering a harbor or bay from the open ocean

• Traveling up a river from the sea

• Traveling clockwise around the U.S. along it’s coastline

– South along the Atlantic coast

– West along the Gulf coast

– North along the Pacific coast


TYPES OFSOUND SIGNALS


The General Rule of Responsibility

You must comply with The Rules

You must take every precaution required by the

“ordinary practice of good seamanship” to avoid

immediate danger, including collision.

“Precaution” may include departing from the rules.

BS 98 03-15-1 - B 97 12-02-1 United States Power Squadrons®

Definition of Terms

Sailing Vessel Under sail only

Power-Driven Vessel Propelled by machinery

Give-Way Vessel Must stay out of another vessel’s way

Stand-On Vessel Not required to get out of the way,

but must always avoid collision Underway

Not at anchor, made fast to shore, or aground


Definition of Terms

Restricted Visibility Any condition in which visibility is restricted

Vessel Not Under Command Unable to maneuver as required by The Rules due to

special circumstances, and therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel

Vessel Restricted in Ability to Maneuver Unable to maneuver due to the nature of her work

and unable to keep out of the way of another vessel


Steering and Sailing Rules

Apply in Three General Situations

Vessels in any condition of visibility

Vessels in sight of one another

Vessels in restricted visibility


Steering and Sailing RulesIn Any Condition of Visibility

Lookout You must maintain a lookout at all times

You must be alert for other boats

Your lookout must be qualified and have no other duties

Safe Speed You must always proceed at safe speed


Steering and Sailing RulesIn Any Condition of Visibility Proceeding in Narrow Channels

Keep as near to the outer edge of a channel that lies to your starboard side as is safe and practical

Do not impede vessels that can safely navigate only within a

narrow channel

Rounding a Bend Navigate with alertness and caution

Sound warning signals


Steering and Sailing RulesIn Any Condition of Visibility

Vessel Priority

(Except where required otherwise)

• Vessels not under command

• Vessels restricted in maneuverability

• Vessels engaged in fishing

• Power-driven vessels


Steering and Sailing RulesVessels in Sight of One Another

Vessel Overtaking

The overtaking vessel must give-way

The vessel being overtaken must stand-on

The overtaking vessel, with proper signal,

may pass on either side



Powerboats Meeting Head-On

Neither vessel has priority of movement

Both must take action to avoid collision

Vessels, with proper signal, may pass on

either side



Powerboats Crossing

A power-driven vessel seeing another vessel

crossing off its starboard side is the give-way

vessel

The crossing vessel is the stand-on vessel, but

must always take action to avoid collision



Vessels In Sight Of One Another

Wind Stand-On Vessel

Give-Way Vessel

Wind on starboard side

Wind on port side

Sailing vessels approaching one another each with wind on a different side



Vessels In Sight Of One Another

Sailing vessels approaching one another both with wind on the same side

Give-Way Vessel

Wind

Stand-On Vessel


Steering and Sailing RulesVessels in Restricted Visibility

Proceed at a safe speed

Display running lights

Sound proper sound signals

Post lookouts and listen for other vessels


Maneuvering and Warning Signals

Meeting, Overtaking, Crossing

I intend to pass you on my port side– 1 short

I intend to pass you on my starboard– 2 short

Operating Astern Propulsion– 3 short

Approaching a Blind Channel Bend or Departing a Dock or Mooring

– 1 prolonged

DANGER SIGNAL– 5 or more short

Short Blast - 1 Sec Prolonged Blast - 4-6 Sec


Signals for Vessels at Anchor in Restricted Visibility

Length of Vessel Signal

Vessels under, 39.4 feet (12 m)

Any efficient signal device sounded every 2 minutes

Vessels 39.4 feet and less than 328.1 feet (100 m)

Ring a bell rapidly for 5 seconds every minute

All Vessels

May supplement bell ringing with 3 whistle blasts in succession

one short one prolonged one short


Signals for Vessels Underway in Restricted Visibility

Type of Vessel Signal

Powerboats making way

1 prolonged blast every 2 minutes

Powerboats underway but stopped

2 prolonged blasts every 2 minutes

Sailing Vessels Vessels restricted in ability to maneuver Vessels not under command

1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts every 2 minutes


Know the Lights on Large Vessels

Especially tugs and tows!

IT COULD SAVE YOUR LIFE!

Don’t recognize the light you see?

STAY AWAY!

KEEP YOUR DISTANCE!


Mounting a Cleat with a Backing Block

Cleat

DeckBacking Block

Apply caulking to the bolt holes between the deck and cleat before tightening


TOWING TECHNIQUES

Tow

Towin

g

Bridle aroundboat

Stern cleats with backingTransom

Eyebolts

Bow Eye


Man Overboard RecoveryProcedures

Shout “Man Overboard”

Toss out a life preserver

Keep victim in sight

Stop forward motion and turn back to victim

Approach victim against wind/waves

B 98 03-30 - B 97 14-09 United States Power Squadrons®

Operating in Restricted Visibility

Reduce speed

Sound proper signals

Life jackets on all aboard

Post lookouts bow an stern

Navigation lights on

Listen for other boats

Determine position

BS 98 03-33 - 97 14-13 United States Power Squadrons®

Reacting to a Collision

Account for crews - both boats

Give first aid if needed

Call for help if needed

Estimate your position

Life jackets on all aboard

Make emergency repairs if needed

Report accident as required

United States Power Squadrons ® BS 98 03-37 - B 97 03-01 VHF RADIO VHF = Very High Frequency A...

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