Unit 10

Grammar

Countable nouns are things we can count.

1 We use ‘a’/‘an’ if there is only one (a singular noun).2 We usually add -s to the noun if there is more than one

(a plural noun).

There is a file on the desk.There are two files on the bookshelf.

There is an umbrella on the desk.There are two umbrellas on the floor.

Spelling rules

Most nouns + s festivals games lanterns

Nouns ending in ss, sh, ch, x

+ es classes witches boxes

Nouns ending in o

+ s pianos photos videos+ es potatoes tomatoes dingoes

Nouns ending in a vowel + y

+ s days keys toys

Nouns ending in a consonant + y

- y + ies

activity

Most nouns + s festivals games lanterns

Nouns ending in ss, sh, ch, x

+ es classes witches boxes

Nouns ending in o

+ s pianos photos videos+ es potatoes tomatoes dingoes

Nouns ending in a vowel + y

+ s days keys toys

Nouns ending in a consonant + y

- y + ies

activities country

Most nouns + s festivals games lanterns

Nouns ending in ss, sh, ch, x

+ es classes witches boxes

Nouns ending in o

+ s pianos photos videos+ es potatoes tomatoes dingoes

Nouns ending in a vowel + y

+ s days keys toys

Nouns ending in a consonant + y

- y + ies

activities countries party

Most nouns + s festivals games lanterns

Nouns ending in ss, sh, ch, x

+ es classes witches boxes

Nouns ending in o

+ s pianos photos videos+ es potatoes tomatoes dingoes

Nouns ending in a vowel + y

+ s days keys toys

Nouns ending in a consonant + y

- y + ies

activities countries parties

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knife

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knives life

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knives lives thief

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knives lives thieves

Some nouns change the vowel/+ letters at the end

foot

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knives lives thieves

Some nouns change the vowel/+ letters at the end

f tee goose

Most nouns ending in -f/fe

+ ves knives lives thieves

Some nouns change the vowel/+ letters at the end

f tee g seee children

Some namesof animals

no change deer fish sheep

Some nouns arealways plural

glasses(spectacles)

scissors trousers

Uncountable nouns are things we cannot count or we do not count.

1 We do not use ‘a’/‘an’ or a number in front of an uncountable noun.

2 Uncountable nouns do not have a plural form. We do not add -s to an uncountable noun.

He always has bread for breakfast.

She drinks orange juice every day.

I always put sugar in my tea.

If we want to talk about the amount of something which is uncountable, we can put a quantifier in front of the uncountable noun.

He always has two pieces of bread for breakfast.

She drinks a carton of orange juice every day.

I always put a teaspoonful of sugar in my tea.

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a bag of potatoes

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a tin of soup

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a bunch of bananas

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a packet of cookies

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a bottle of oyster sauce

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a jar of jam

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a bar of soap

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a piece of paper

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a carton of lemon tea

Below are some common quantifiers.

bag bar bottle bunch carton jar packet piece tin

Look at the picture below. Describe what you see using a quantifier.

a box of tissues

Practice

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There is an orange in the bowl.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There are three presents under the Christmas tree.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There is a bottle of ketchup on the table.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There is a bunch of grapes on the plate.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There is a pair of scissors on the desk.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There are two packets of noodles on the table.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There are two greeting cards on the computer.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There are three cartons of milk in the fridge.

Look at the picture below. Make a sentence beginning with ‘There is’/‘There are’.

There are two tins of tomatoes in the cupboard.