Toward Innovative Model based Enterprise IT Outsourcing NGEBIS Workshop at CAISE 2013 Vinay Kulkarni...

Toward Innovative Model based Enterprise IT Outsourcing

NGEBIS Workshop at CAISE 2013

Vinay Kulkarni and Sagar Sunkle

Enterprise

Business

Overview – Problem

Enterprise

BusinessBusiness Silos for Ease of Management and Control

Overview – Problem

Enterprise

IT Need 1 IT Need 2 IT Need 3

Transactional IT needs : day-to-day operational requirements

…

Overview – Problem – State of IT systems

Transformational IT needs : responding to change; multiple change drivers active- dynamic supply chains, mergers and acquisitions, globalization and regulatorycompliances, cloud and mobile technology

Both kinds originate in strategic, tactical, and operational goals of the enterprise

Enterprise


IT System 1 IT System 2 IT System 3

…

…



Enterprise



…

Only local context known (if at all); enterprise-wide context unknown

…



Enterprise



…

…

Implement or improve in SpecificContexts of Business Silos



Enterprise



…

Locally Operational/Optimal

…



Enterprise



…

Globally Optimal ?

…



Enterprise



…

…



Enterprise


IT System 2 IT System 3

…

Implementation of Functionalities servicing globally felt need may overlap due to lack of knowledge about enterprise-wide context

…IT System 1



Enterprise



…

Specific contexts may also result in Non-interoperable technologies

…



Enterprise



…

Globally Sub-optimal design of operational processes

Overlapping FunctionalitiesNon-interoperable Technologies

…



Enterprise



…

…

Headcount-based model/harmonization of software/ hardware etc. is insufficient

Enterprises are expecting more- outcome-based pricing- enterprises focus on core competencies, rest all as an end-to-end solution by service provider

Overview – Problem- IT Outsourcing

Enterprise 1

IT Need 1

IT System 1

Hardware Infra

IT Need x

IT System x

Technology Infra

Hardware Infra

Technology Infra

IT Plant

Multiple IT Systems of an Enterprise

Overview – Toward Solution

Enterprise 1

IT Need 1IT System

1

Hardware Infra

IT Plant 1

Product Line of IT Plants

Enterprise 2 …

Technology Infra

IT Need 1IT System

1

Hardware Infra

IT Plant 1

… …

Multiple IT Systems of multiple enterprises from same domain

Technology Infra


Enterprise



…

Transformational needs addressed based on experts’ knowledge

…


Enterprise

Business

IT System

Infrastructure

MUST represent enterprise

in its entirety

Key Dimensions of Enterprise

Transformational decisions do not view enterprise holistically


Enterprise

Analysis World

Operational World


Enterprise

Analysis World

Operational WorldGlobally Sub-optimal design of

operational processesOverlapping Functionalities

Non-interoperable Technologies

Dependence on expert knowledge

Address core issues

tack

lere

duce


Enterprise

Analysis World[Model-driven]

Operational World[Model-driven]

Goals, operational processes,

organizational structure etc.

models closer to the business domain;

questions regarding efficacy of the as-is

state;Path to desired to-be

state w.r.t given property(ies)


Enterprise



Reduce dependence on

expert knowledge by

Enabling data and model-driven

decision making


Enterprise



models of the complete IT plant

that automate a set of operational

processes through a set of IT systems ensuring correct operation of the

enterprise both in functional and non-

functional sense


Enterprise



IT Plant product line for multiple

enterprises in same domain


Enterprise



Bidirectional traceability;

use insights from analysis world in

operational world;Keep analysis

models updated with operational

changes


Enterprise



Research work packages

Enterprise Specification

Enterprise Simulation

IT Plant Specification

IT Plant Contract Specification

IT Plant Testing

IT Plant Deployment


Enterprise



Early Results

Ontological representation for machine-processable and analyzable enterprise models

Intentional and system dynamics models for capturing “Why” in enterprise

Enterprise Specification



Enterprise



Overview – Conclusion

Win-Win Situation

Enterprises

Service Provider

Thanks!!Questions?

Questions

Products and Processes of Public Sector Bank

Specification & Analysis of Enterprise Models


Domain Models

Adaptive Systems

Business Rule Extraction

IT Plant Architecture

IT Systems Architecture

Domain Model Verification

IT Systems Models for Change Agility


Reconstruction

Enterprise Models

Domain Models

IT Systems/Plant

Models

Anal

ysis

Wor

ld[M

odel

-driv

en]

Ope

ratio

nal W

orld

[Mod

el-d

riven

]

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Specification and Analysis of Enterprise Models

Goal

Purpose Approach

Machine-processable enterprise modelsEnterprise-wide analysis of satisfaction of properties

Enterprises are complex interconnected systems of systemsUse cases- directives, objectives, policies and regulatory compliances and so on, scenarios of interaction between enterprises- Outsourcing, M&A, etc.

Early results ontology based enterprise models, what-if/if-what analysesTechniques for measuring properties, quantification

Research Challenges

Enterprise



Optimize business process,

supply chains Reduce risk , cost, improve planning

Map Simulation Techniques w.r.t their applicabilitySystem Dynamics TimePetri Nets workflowsState Machines events Simulate models in concertCreate mapping between simulation models and EA modelsCreate DSL to simulate multiple models in concert

Capture behavior of Enterprise Measure and Optimize the effectiveness of Enterprise goals by playing out what-if scenarios

Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Identify and define formal modeling mechanism for IT plant domain.

Identify model requirements for IT PlantIdentify gaps between the model requirements and available Industry standard modelsIdentify and define required modeling elements based on the assessment.Pilot it with a suitable domain

Semantics TraceabilityMachine processing formMulti organization context

Domain [Functional] Models of IT Plant

Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Define formal mechanism to maintain consistency of IT plant modeling during refinementVerify the IT plant model for specific properties

Examine the model refinement requirement in IT plant specificationExamine the existing model refine techniques.Adopt/enhance the existing techniques to make them suitable for IT Plant specification.For model verification, define formal mechanism to express desirable properties of interestAdopt/extend existing verification techniques to verify IT plant specs against desired properties

Consistent model refinementVerification of desirable properties of IT Plant specificationsEarly detection of model bugs


Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Understand and model the influence of business products and processes on IT plant architecture in SP environment

Map a selected IT plant landscape in the lines of its products and processes.Based on study arrive at the impact of product and process changes on the IT plant architecture.

Improved IT Plant planningAdaptive technology architecture

Dynamic provisioning of resources

IT Plant System Architecture

Goal

Purpose Approach

USP Commoditized

Customer Facing X √Back office √ √

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Goal

Purpose ApproachInvestigate mechanisms, techniques for (de)composition for variability capturing

Varying needs of enterprises in same domainCustomizations per enterprise may increase app development and management cost


Arrive at IT plant architecture catering to varying needs Composition and decomposition mechanisms for IT plant architecture

Investigate effect of such mechanisms on non functional properties

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Use program comprehension techniques, refactoring, slicing, and clustering to extract layers and partitions from the source code.Using machine learning techniques like clustering embodied in Lattix tool or other new techniques.

IT plant ModernizationMost of the architecture/design documents either outdated or un-available

Identifying predefined architectural elements and relations among them.Re-construct architecture from the source code using inputs from system/application experts.

Architecture Reconstruction

Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise


IT plant ModernizationExtract inherent operational and business Rules

Identify the constraints and calculation from the legacy codeFormulate standard and application level strategies Apply data dictionary (meanings of database variables)Use comments to infer meanings to rulesApply machine learning algorithms Rules RepresentationVariabilityVisualizationFormal representation for verificationExtending SBVR kind of representation

Enterprises are rule drivenMost these are legacy in nature.To capture ever changing regulatory policies and regulations


Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise


Goal

Purpose Approach

Model all aspects of IT systems with inter-dependencies

Change Impact Analysis

Multi-layered model

Realization thru Model transformation

Definition of change in terms of model

Change agility in IT systems

Correctness guarantees

Models IT SystemsResearch Challenges

Enterprise

Adaptive Enterprise IT Systems-

To meet SLAs- To reduce people intervention

Modeling Adaptation for IT SystemsConstruct reference architecture for IT Systems using - MAPE-k architectural pattern Feedback LoopsExamine Execution TracesInvestigate data logs and execution traces to indentify what properties to monitor and adaptLanguage SupportLanguage to support adaptive software development

Monitor and adapt the functioning of IT systems with respect to their non-functional requirements Arrive at mechanism to implement adaptation loop (MAPE)


Goal

Purpose Approach

Research Challenges

Enterprise

How to build enterprise models ?

Using information flows?

How to utilize/affect transformation of IT systems?

Which abstractions? How to verify that they achieve intended

effect?

How to model business functions?

How to capture combination of manual

AND automated steps of business processes?

A language for modeling an enterprise?

Domain-specific language drawing on ideas from event based paradigm,

multi agent systems

Research Challenges

Specification & Analysis of Enterprise Models


Domain Models

Adaptive Systems





IT Systems Models for Change Agility


Reconstruction

Enterprise Models

Domain Models

IT Systems/Plant

Models

Anal

ysis

Wor

ld[M

odel

-dri

ven]

Ope

ratio

nal W

orld

[Mod

el-d

rive

n]

Summary

Globally Sub-optimal design of operational

processes

Overlapping Functionalities

Non-interoperable Technologies

Dependence on expert

knowledge

IT Plant Architecture• What

– Arrive at an architecture for IT plant catering to varying needs of customers in same domain

• Why– Large enterprises needs plethora of applications to meet their needs.– Needs of no two customers in same domain are exactly identical– Various situations Service Providers need to service customer are

• Deliver as-is solutions• Manage known , unknown configurations• Manage known , unknown extensions• Deliver parts and integrate existing systems

– Problems• Not designed to manage these scenarios • follow clone-n-own approach• Increased ADM cost• Customer not sure of certainty of meeting their needs

IT Plant Architecture• How

– Modularity of IT plant• Investigate mechanism, techniques for modular design for

– System of system scenario– Multi-layer architecture

– Capturing Commonality and Variability

– Design time and Runtime variability – Integration

• Investigate automation for COTS integration• Evaluation of COTS for quality attributes

– Performance– Reliability– Configurabity

– Evaluation of NFR

Product Line [Family] of IT Plants

Multiple IT Systems of multiple enterprises from same domain

Toward Innovative Model based Enterprise IT Outsourcing NGEBIS Workshop at CAISE 2013 Vinay Kulkarni...

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