Martin Forsén Athens January 24, 2008

Three important E:s in Heat Pump Technology

Martin ForsénSwedish Heat Pump AssociationEuropean Heat Pump Association

EnergyEnvironment

Economy

Martin Forsén

Typical Ground source heat pump (5.5 kWth)

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Heat source

CompressorHeat sink

Coefficient of performance (COP) =

Radiators

Under floorheating

Fan-coils

Ground rock

Ground soil

Ground Source

Ambient air

General working principal

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Ground source heat pumps

• HorisontalHorisontalHorisontal ground soil systemground soil systemground soil system

• Vertical ground soil/rock system

Heating system

Evaporator

Condenser

Domestic hot waterHeating system

Evaporator

Condenser

Domestic hot water

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Ground source heat pumps

• Horisontal ground soil system

• Vertical ground soil/rock systemVertical ground soil/rock systemVertical ground soil/rock system

Layer of ground soil

Tight lid

Welded jointBedrock

minimum 2 meterslining pipe Seal between

lining pipe and bedrock

Steal lining Layer of ground soil

Tight lid

Welded jointBedrock

minimum 2 meterslining pipe Seal between

lining pipe and bedrock

Steal lining

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

– 240m² living space– 11 kW Geothermal heat pump– 280 m² Flat collector– Controlled ventilation

One family house – Ternitz (Austria)

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

One family house – Ternitz (Austria)

– Seasonal performance factor 5,3

– Energy costs EUR 390,-– Energy savings

• Oil 1923 Liters• CO2 4,1 Tonnes

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Number of flats: 90

Heated area: 7.800 m²

Previous heating system: Oil boilers

New system4 x GSHP 40 kW + oil boiler (back-up)

Heat source: 19 boreholes x 173m

Annual savings: 40.000 euro

Pay back time: 4 years

Multi-family house, Norrtälje, Sweden

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Multi-family house, Norrtälje, Sweden

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Commercial building, Les Mureaux,Paris, France

Office building

Conditioned area: 4.400 m²

1 Ground water heat pump (290 kWth)

Utilasation heating + free cooling

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Commercial building, Les Mureaux,Paris, France

Under floor heating and cooling system

Seasonal performance factor heating: 4.1

Seasonal performance factor cooling: 8.2

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Demands on heating systems

Consumer perspectiveFunctionality

HeatingCooling

EconomyInvestment costsOperating costs

ReliabilityOperational reliabilitylock-in effects (depency on one supplier)

ConvinienceOperation and maintenanceSpace requirementsSimplicity in installation

Environmental impactGreen house gas emissionsParticlesAcidificationEutrophication

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

National perspective

Environmental impactGreen house gas emissionsParticlesAcidificationEutrophication

Energy efficiencyPrimary energy efficiency

Renewable energy sources20% by 2020

Athens January 24, 2008

The proposal for a renewable energy directivewas published yesterday!

Martin Forsén

Primary energy

Purchased energy

End use energy

ExtractionRefinementTransportation

Power-generation

System boundaries

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Reduction of green house gas emissions

Reduction of CO2equvivalents when heat pumps are replacing oil boilers

Efficiency oil boiler 90%

Seasonal performance factor heat pump 4

Electricity based on EU-25 mix

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Oil boiler Heat pump

Nearly 60% reduction

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Reduction of green house gas emissions

Reduction of CO2equvivalents when heat pumps are replacing gas boilers

Efficiency gas boiler 95%

Seasonal performance factor heat pump 4

Electricity based on EU-25 mix

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Gas boiler Heat pump

Nearly 40% reduction

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Primary energy savings

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Oil boiler Heat Pump

Primary energy savings when heat pumps are replacing oil boilers

Efficiency oil boiler 90%

Seasonal performance factor heat pump 4

Electricity based on EU-25 mix

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Primary energy savings

Primary energy savings when heat pumps are replacing gas boilers

Efficiency gas boiler 95%

Seasonal performance factor heat pump 4

Electricity based on EU-25 mix

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Gas boiler Heat Pump

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

More than 500 000 heat pumps

installed since 2000

0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

120 000

140 000

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Vätska-vatten

Frånluft

Luft-luft

Luft-Vatten

Air-airExhaust airGeothermalAir-water

The Swedish success story

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

0

5 00010 000

15 000

20 00025 000

30 000

35 00040 000

45 000

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Ground source heat pumps in Sweden

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

2004 2005 20067% 1% 4%

13%

26%2%

40%

7%AustriaEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyNorwaySwedenSwitzerland

Ground source heat pumps in Europe

Athens January 24, 2008

Martin Forsén

Enormous potential

Our vision!

1 million ground source heat pumps/year by 2015

Martin Forsén

Thank you for yourKind attention

Athens January 24, 2008