THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG WORDS IN SIDNEY SHELDON ...
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THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG WORDS IN SIDNEY SHELDON "NOTHING LAST FOREVER" ABSTRAK The aim of the research is to find out what kind of equivalence classification mostly used in the translation of English slang words of " Nothing Lasts Forever" into Indonesian. This research uses a text analysis with a descriptive qualitative method due to the problem statements. The data is 65 words and there are 11 words of slang being analyzed into five equivalents: denotative, pragmatic, connotative, textual, and formal equivalence. From the data, there are twelve slang words found in the novel. Among them, seven words appear more than two times than the other. Therefore, the writer will analyze seven of them. They are 'damn', fuck', 'hell', ' bastard', 'bitch', ,horny', and 'ass'. Finding shows that there are five types of equivalenceform in slang words from English into Indonesian, they are: 5 denotative equivalence, 2 pragmatic equivalence, 2 connotative equivalence, 1 formal equivalence and 1 textual equivalence. Keywords: slang words, equivalence and translation INTRODUCTION The concept of equivalence has been one of the key words in translation studies. Equivalence has been used to define translation and in translation itself. The term equivalence has a central role. It expresses the correspondence of context from the source text (ST) and target text (TT) as far as their contents are concerned. Although not all English idioms and expressions, for instance, have equivalence translation in Bahasa Indonesia, those facts have become only a little problem. But those facts for Indonesian translators are one of natural problem that can be found in translating English literature into Bahasa Indonesia. Sometimes they might tend to scrape those foreign words using their own styles. As we know that not all English expression including slang words have equivalence. So, it is possible that slang words do not have equivalence at all. Slang words as one of English expression are usually used by native to convey their strong emotion when they are swearing or to get angry. It may produce embarrassment, disgust and violate social norms in the society, yet we need them in our linguistic performance. Not only in verbal communication, slang words are also found in written form such as in novels because literary works or novels consist of the dialogs. It may be that they want to support the plot of the whole story, to emphasize the characterization, or to improve their characterization. It is also definite that the encounter with translation problems especially slang words during the translation process is inevitable. To translate them into the receptor language correctly and appropriately, a translator needs to know the history, concept and meaning of slang words themselves. Newmark stated that in transferring a material from SL to TL, " a translator requires a knowledge of literary and non- literary textual criticism, since he has to assess the quality of a text before he decides how to interpret and then translate it" (1981.5). The purpose of this research is to find out what kind of equivalence classification mostly used in the translation of English slang words of " Nothing Last Forever" into Indonesian. Definition of Translation Translation often through not any means always. It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended in the text. (Newmark, 1988, p.5) Translation have three distinguish meanings, if confined to a written language, translation is a cover term with three distinguishable meanings: 1) translating, the process (to translate; the activity rather than the tangible object), 2) a translation: the product of the process of translating (e.g. the translated text), and 3) translation: the abstract concept which encompasses both the process of translating and the product of that process. Bell (1991, p. 13) Meanwhile, Choliludin stated "The ordering of the words and ideas in the translation should match the original as closely as possible..However, differences in the language structure often require changes in the form and order of words. When in doubt, underline in the original text the words on which the main stress falls." (2005, p.42) Process of Translation Larson (1984ÿ .17) stated, When translating a text, the translator goal is an idiomatic translation which makes every effort to communicate their meaning of the SL text into the natural forms of the receptor language. Furthermore, he stated that translation is concerned with a study of the lexico and grammatical structure, communication situation, and cultural context of the SL text, which is analyzed in order to determine its meaning. The discovered meaning is then re- expressed or re- Tiarma Ika Yuliana - . Fakultas Sasira Universitas Gunadanna lka immthe@stafisite.gunadanna.ac.id constructed using the lexicon and grammatical structure which are appropriate in the receptor language and its cultural context. Choliludin (2005, p.13) stated that " The context of situation and the wider context of culture make up non verbal environment of a text. " ... " Every text is also a context for itself. " Equivalence Vinay and Darbelnet view "equivalence- oriented translation as a procedure which replicates the same situation as in the original, whilst using completely different wording. " (i995> P-342) According to them, equivalence is therefore the ideal method when the translator has to deal with proverbs, idioms, cliches, nominal or adjectival phrases and the onomatopoeia of animal sounds. Baker stated that: In a bottom-up approach to translation, equivalence at word level is the first element to be taken into consideration by the translator. In fact, when the translator starts analyzing the he/she looks at the words as single units in order to find a direct 'equivalent, term in the TL. (1992, p. 11) Roller described five different types of equivalence (1979, p.187-191): (1) Denotative; analyzing the correspondences and the interaction with textual factors and focus in lexis. (2) Connotative; triggering the similar associations of different language. It focus in additional dimension; formality (poetic, slang, etc), social usage, stylistic effect (archaic), emotion. (3) Text-normative; being used in the same context in their respective language. The focus is looking at usage in different situations. (4) Pragmatic; having the same effect between text and readership, overriding the requirements of other UG Jurnal Vol. 8 No. 06 Tahun 2014 15
Transcript of THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG WORDS IN SIDNEY SHELDON ...
THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG WORDS
IN SIDNEY SHELDON "NOTHING LAST
FOREVER"
ABSTRAK
The aim of the research is to find out what kind of equivalence classification mostlyused in the translation of English slang words of
"
Nothing Lasts Forever" intoIndonesian. This research uses a text analysis with a descriptive qualitative methoddue to the problem statements. The data is 65 words and there are 11 words ofslang being analyzed into five equivalents: denotative, pragmatic, connotative,textual, and formal equivalence. From the data, there are twelve slang words foundin the novel. Among them, seven words appear more than two times than the other.Therefore, the writer will analyze seven of them. They are 'damn', fuck', 'hell','
bastard', 'bitch', ,horny', and 'ass'. Finding shows that there are five types ofequivalence form in slang words from English into Indonesian, they are: 5 denotativeequivalence, 2 pragmatic equivalence, 2 connotative equivalence, 1 formalequivalence and 1 textual equivalence.
Keywords: slang words, equivalence and translation
INTRODUCTION
The concept of equivalence has been oneof the key words in translation studies.Equivalence has been used to definetranslation and in translation itself. The
term equivalence has a central role. Itexpresses the correspondence of contextfrom the source text (ST) and target text(TT) as far as their contents are concerned.Although not all English idioms andexpressions, for instance, have equivalencetranslation in Bahasa Indonesia, thosefacts have become only a little problem.But those facts for Indonesian translators
are one of natural problem that can befound in translating English literature intoBahasa Indonesia. Sometimes they mighttend to scrape those foreign words usingtheir own styles.
As we know that not all Englishexpression including slang words haveequivalence. So, it is possible that slangwords do not have equivalence at all. Slangwords as one of English expression areusually used by native to convey theirstrong emotion when they are swearing orto get angry. It may produceembarrassment, disgust and violate socialnorms in the society, yet we need them inour linguistic performance.
Not only in verbal communication,slang words are also found in written formsuch as in novels because literary worksor novels consist of the dialogs. It may bethat they want to support the plot of thewhole story, to emphasize thecharacterization, or to improve theircharacterization. It is also definite that the
encounter with translation problemsespecially slang words during thetranslation process is inevitable. Totranslate them into the receptor languagecorrectly and appropriately, a translatorneeds to know the history, concept andmeaning of slang words themselves.Newmark stated that in transferring amaterial from SL to TL, "a translator
requires a knowledge of literary and non-literary textual criticism, since he has toassess the quality of a text before he decides
how to interpret and then translate it"(1981.5).
The purpose of this research is to findout what kind of equivalence classificationmostly used in the translation of Englishslang words of "Nothing Last Forever" intoIndonesian.
Definition of Translation
Translation often through not any meansalways. It is rendering the meaning of atext into another language in the way thatthe author intended in the text. (Newmark,1988, p.5)
Translation have three distinguishmeanings, if confined to a written language,translation is a cover term with three
distinguishable meanings: 1) translating,the process (to translate; the activity ratherthan the tangible object), 2) a translation:the product of the process of translating(e.g. the translated text), and 3) translation:the abstract concept which encompassesboth the process of translating and theproduct of that process. Bell (1991, p. 13)
Meanwhile, Choliludin stated "Theordering of the words and ideas in thetranslation should match the original asclosely as possible..However, differencesin the language structure often requirechanges in the form and order of words.When in doubt, underline in the originaltext the words on which the main stress
falls." (2005, p.42)
Process of Translation
Larson (1984ÿ.17) stated,When translating a text, the translator
goal is an idiomatic translation whichmakes every effort to communicate theirmeaning of the SL text into the naturalforms of the receptor language.Furthermore, he stated that translation isconcerned with a study of the lexico andgrammatical structure, communicationsituation, and cultural context of the SLtext, which is analyzed in order todetermine its meaning. The discoveredmeaning is then re- expressed or re-
Tiarma Ika Yuliana-.
Fakultas Sasira Universitas Gunadanna
lka_
constructed using the lexicon andgrammatical structure which areappropriate in the receptor language andits cultural context.
Choliludin (2005, p.13) stated that"The context of situation and the widercontext of culture make up non verbalenvironment of a text."...
"
Every text is alsoa context for itself.
"
Equivalence
Vinay and Darbelnet view "equivalence-oriented translation as a procedure whichreplicates the same situation as in theoriginal, whilst using completely differentwording.
"
(i995> P-342)According to them, equivalence is
therefore the ideal method when the
translator has to deal with proverbs,idioms, cliches, nominal or adjectivalphrases and the onomatopoeia of animalsounds.
Baker stated that:
In a bottom-up approach totranslation, equivalence at word level isthe first element to be taken into
consideration by the translator. In fact,when the translator starts analyzing thehe/she looks at the words as single unitsin order to find a direct 'equivalent, termin the TL. (1992, p. 11)Roller described five different types ofequivalence (1979, p.187-191):(1) Denotative; analyzing the
correspondences and the interactionwith textual factors and focus in lexis.
(2) Connotative; triggering the similarassociations of different language. Itfocus in additional dimension;
formality (poetic, slang, etc), socialusage, stylistic effect (archaic),emotion.
(3) Text-normative; being used in thesame context in their respectivelanguage. The focus is looking at usagein different situations.
(4) Pragmatic; having the same effectbetween text and readership,overriding the requirements of other
UG Jurnal Vol. 8 No. 06 Tahun 2014 15
