The New York Forest Owner - Volume 19 Number 3

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Forest Owner

I 1 wandered lonelyas a cloud

by William WordsworthI wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay;Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but theyOutdid the sparkling waves in glee;A poet could not but be gay,In such jocund company;I gazed-and-gazed- but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought.

For oft, when on my couch j lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.

May - June 1981

New York Forest Owner

VOL. 19, No.3

THENEW YORK FOREST OWNERS

ASSOCIATION

In This IssueP. 2P. 3

New MembersHeiberg & N.Y.F.O.A.Award Winners; UrbanForestryGypsy Moth Problem toGrow; Wood Fuel ...USDA Says ... ; FirewoodSuppliers ... ; From AnotherSide of the TreeMoney Does Grow on TreesNew Slitter to ReduceSawmill Waste

P. 8-9 Sales Taxes Reduced Again;Stumpage Price Report; Tim-ber Harvesting Guidelines;Woodlot Management forFuelwood

P. 10-11 Recipe far Tree PlantingP. 12 Ask A Forester

P. 4P. 5

P. 6P. 7

Front CoverCammy and Erin in the daffodils (The

Editor's grandchildren).

CalendarNYFOA Meeting Schedule

March 14, 1981• Board of Directors, 10:00 a.m.,DEC - CortlandApril 25, 1981• Annual Meeting, SyracuseMay 16, 1981• Organizational Meeting, 10:00 a.m.,DEC - CortlandJuly 11, 1981• Board of Directors, 10:00 a.m., DEC- CortlandAugust 29, 1981• Board of Directors, 10:00 a.m., DEC- CortlandOctober 10, 1981• Fall Meeting, Arnot Forest, IthacaNovember 21, 198i• Board of Directors, 10:00 a.m., DEC- Cortland

WelcomeOur NewMembers

JOHN E. DOYLE55 South StreetCuba, NY 14727

MR. & MRS. CLIFFORD E. HUBBSR. D. #2 Fyler RoadKirkville, NY 13082

CHARLES W. JEFTSBox 709

Lake George, NY 12845

ERNIE MULLERP.O. Box 82

Cragsmoor, NY 12420

MRS. HENRY OSTERMANN (Fam.)679 Bloomfield Avenue

Verona, NJ 07044

JAMES RAWCLIFFEBox 24, R.D.#l

Lindley, NY 14858

MR. FRANK T. ROSER.D.#l

Berkshire, NY 13736

RUSSELL SHULTISR.D. #1, Box 116A

Ulster Park, NY 12487

ROBERT E. SMITH3179 Burrwood Drive

Baldwinsville, NY 13027

MR. & MRS. PETER C. WHITER.D.#l, Box 207BBarton, NY 13734

Published by theNEW YORK FOREST OWNERS

Association

EditorEvelyn A. Stock

57561ke Dixon Rd.Camillus, NY 13031

PresidentHoward O. Ward240 Owego St.

Candor, NY 13743

First Vice PresidentRobert L. Edmonds

R#3, Box 99Marathon, NY 13803

Second Vice PresidentProf. Robert R. MorrowDept. Natural Resources

Fernow Hall, Cornell Univ.Ithaca, NY 14853

Recording SecretaryLewis DuMond9 Grand St.

Cobleskill, NY 12043

TreasurerEmiel Palmer

5822 S. Salina St.Syracuse, NY 13205

Membership SecretaryHelen Varian204 Varian Rd.

Peekskill, NY 10566

THE WORLD"I'll make a suit for you," agreed Ben,

an overworked tailor, "but it won't beready for 30 days."

The customer was shocked. "Thirtydays," he protested. "Why, the goodLord only took 6 days to create the en-tire world."

'True," the tailor agreed, "but haveyou taken a good look at it lately?"


Heiberg Award Winner1981

Curtis H. BauerCurtis H. Bauer, the 1981 recipient

of the Heiberg award, has an outstand-ing record as a consulting forester, as amember of the Board of Trustees of theCollege of Environmental Science andForestry, as a member of the Society ofAmerican Foresters, and in public ser-vice.

Mr. Bauer received his B.S. degree inforestry in 1950 from Syracuse. He hassubsequently taken special academicwork at the University of Georgia andthe University of Washington.

Following graduation in 1950 heworked with the U.S. Forest Service inMontana for four years. He returned toNew York in 1954 and established hisown consulting firm. In 1974 heorganized Forecon, an expanded con-sulting service, with several branch of-fices and an impressive array ofspecialties including: forest manage-ment, silviculture, engineering, forestresource studies, logging, forest recrea-tion, and conservation. He has servedas president of Forecon from its incep-tion.

In 1969 Mr. Bauer was appointed tothe Board of Trustees of the College ofEnvironmental Science and Forestry. In1974 he became a member of the Ex-ecutive Committee of the Board, andserved as Vice Chairman until Novem-ber, 1979. In November of 1979 he wasappointed Chairman of the AdvisoryCommittee to the School of Forestry.He is also a trustee of the ForestryFoundation of the College. In all hisassociations with the College, he hasserved with distinction.

Mr. Bauer has been a member of theNew York Section of the SOciety ofAmerican Foresters for 28 years. Hehas served the Society in many ways,including a term as Chairman of theNew York Section. He is a member ofseveral other forestry related organiza-tions, including: American ForestryAssociation, New York State Institute ofConsulting Foresters - of which he is apast chairman, Empire State Forest Pro-ducts Association, and Forest ResearchSociety. He is president of WellsvilleTimber Corporation, which owns timberland in several counties of Western NewYork and in Pennsylvania.

In addition, Mr. Bauer has con-tributed significantly to many communi-ty and church organizations. He is a

member of the Property Committee forthe Lutheran Children's Home andRetirement Home, and he is a coun-cilman of the Holy Trinity LutheranChurch. He is past president of the NewYork State Jr. Chamber of Commerce;he is an International Jaycee Senator,and past President of the SouthwesternNew York Resource DevelopmentCommittee.

Mr. Bauer lives in the Town of Ellery,Chatauqua County, New York with hiswife and three children. His activities in-clude skiing, sailing, fishing, canoeingand camping.

CITATIONN.Y.F.O.A.

Outstanding Service Award1981

J. Lewis DuMond was born and grewup in Walton, studied insurance andbanking at Syracuse University andentered the Insurance Business inCobleskill.

He married Mary A. Porter of Wash-ington, D.C. and has two daughters.

His father purchased a run-downfarm near Walton, and by 1931 had aforest plantation of over 300,000 trees.

For many years he was Treasurer ofthe Schoharie County Extension Ser-vice Association.

Lewis and Mary are Charter Membersof the New York Forest OwnersAssociation.

In April 1963, Lewis was elected tothe first regular Board of Directors andwas one of the signers of the NYFOACertificate of Incorporation. He hasbeen reelected to the Board of Directorsseveral times and has served asSecretary of the Board for many years.

Lewis has represented the NYFOA atjoint meetings with other organizations.

With Mary he has conducted WoodsWalks and hosted Directors Meetings.

For this long and faithful service, theNew York Forest Owners Associationpresents its 1981 Outstanding ServiceAward to Lewis and Mary DuMond.

* • *" * *The Heiberg Award and Forest

Owner Outstanding Service Awardwere given to Mr. Bauer and Mr. Du-Mond at the Annual Meeting held April25 at the SUNY College of En-vironmental Science and Forestry inSyracuse.

This issue went to press before themeeting so look for further informationin the July issue.

Urban ForestryBackground Information for

Street Tree PlanningStreet trees are usually planted in

more or less difficult conditions for plantgrowth. The factors which add up tomake the growing conditions difficultwill be part of this discussion. These areimportant since tree troubles compoundin almost direct proportion to the harsh-ness of city conditions. In terms of plantgrowth, city conditions may mean manythings. An understanding of what thesite variations may be and how they ef-fect growth is essential before there ismuch to be gained by discussing thecharacteristics of individual tree species.The next paragraph discusses, by exam-ple, the effects of several diverse citysites so far as trees are concerned.

These sites may be used as a yard-stick against which the harshness oflocal sites may be estimated by com-parison. Street trees growing in smallopenings in the pavement locatedwithin the most intensively developedparts of Manhattan are called upon tosurvive under almost impossibly harshcity conditions. There are only severalspecies that have demonstrated an abili-ty to be worth planting in this degree ofharshness. On the other hand, growingconditions are considerably morefavorable on Manhattan in the smallturfed park adjacent to the U.N., andalso in Bryant Park, which occupiesabout a city block of area behind themain Public Library in the heart ofManhattan, near 42nd Street and 5thAvenue, and in which there is a largepanel of grass. Lastly, the backyardsand turfed front yards of enclave likeresidential areas with detached houseswithin the highly developed New YorkCity area offer growth environmentswhich set little limit to the numbers oftrees that can be successfully used. Thisdespite the fact that these residentialenclaves are still within city areas of fair-ly high density.


Gypsy MothProblem to Grow

By Katherine SeelyeGannett News Service

ALBANY - State scientists arepredicting a record-breaking invasion ofgypsy moths this spring, with at leasttwice the number of acres as last yearbeing eaten bare.

Some counties could be hit evenharder. Experts in Saratoga predict a30-fold increase over last year in theirregion. .

Last year's invasion was called anepidemic, and left entire hillsides barrenof leaves. This year's blight is expectedto retrace that pattern and overshadowit, defoliating large swaths throughoutthe eastern third of the state.

Areas expected to be most thicklyinfested extend from Long Island toWestchester and Orange Counties upalqng the Hudson through the Adir-ondacks to Lake Champlain. Theseare the regions of contiguous oakforests, a favorite of the gypsy moth.

Predictions are based on numbersand sizes of egg masses left by last year'smoths. This year's masses far exceedthose counted last year. No one knowsif the extreme cold of this winter killedthe eggs, and if so, to what extent. Butbets are off that the cold made much dif-ference.

Michael Birmingham, who runs thestate's forest insect control program,said the snow could have acted as ablanket to protect the eggs from the coldand icy winds.

His Environmental Conservationbureau conducted the surveys on whichthis year's predictions are based. Histeams reported that at least twice thenumber of acres that met state criteriafor insecticide spraying last year havemet those criteria again this year.

To qualify for spraying, there must bea certain density of eggs per acre, andthe land must be valuable for eitherrecreation or timber. Thus, while 2.4million acres of land in the state were in-fested last year, only 24,000 acres weresprayed.

Gypsy moths eat leaves, and can killtrees indirectly. By stripping trees oftheir natural protection, they expose thebranches and trunks to other insects,viruses and sun radiation. Withoutleaves, a tree is deprived also of thebenefits of photosynthesis, the ability toproduce food and feed itself.

A homeowner can determine if eggsin the trees are dead by squishing theeggs between two fingers. If they pop,they're alive. If they are soft and gooey,they are dead. If they seem alive, thehomeowner can bring some inside in ajar with a tight lid, and wait a few daysto see if they hatch.

'The tight lid is so they don't crawlout and infest your home," said Birm-ingham.

If the eggs are alive, a tree can bebanded with a sticky material or burlap,which will attract and trap the insects.The homeowner can then crush themor soak them in kerosene.

This year's survey found 120,000acres eligible for spraying, but the stateis allowinq for a maximum of 150,000acres. Last year, they were prepared tospray a maximum of 75,000 acres.

"We hope the natural controls workand we can put away our weapons,"Birmingham said. "We want to protectthe forest and give relief until naturalcontrols can take effect."

The gypsy moth population increasesand decreases in cycles of about sevenyears. Woodard said the cycles vary,but that the moths appear to be in theirsecond or third year now, indicating thismay be their peak year. Unfortunately,he added, since gypsy moths are notnative to the United States - they wereintroduced by Europeans in 1869 -they don't have natural predators hereto keep their population down.

Birmingham said, however, thatwhen the moths reach their peakpopulation they are likely to reducetheir number themselves by competingfor available food. When there is a highlevel, he said, they feel stress and aremore susceptible to disease. He didn'tknow if they eat each other.

Wood Fuel Found to SurpassAtomic Energy in U.S.By Robert D. Hershey, Jr.

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, Jan. 30 - Ameri-cans are turning to wood fuel in suchnumbers that wood has now overtakennuclear power as a source of energy inthis country, according to a studypublished today by the World watch In-stitute.

Seven percent of homes in the UnitedStates are now heated at least partly bywood stoves and furnaces, and in NewEngland it is about 50 percent. The pro-

portion of homes with such heating isstill rising steadily, even though manyhomeowners have held back from buy-ing wood-burning equipment in hopethat the Government will provide a taxcredit.

Moreover, the surge in wood -burninghas made the United States a leader inwhat Nigel Smith, author of the report,sees as an international phenomenon.

"Of all the industrial nations," Mr.Smith said, "the United States was oneof the last to switch to home heatingwith fossil fuels and it is now on the crestof the wave of nations returning towood."

By the year 2000, he predicted, theuse of wood as a world fuel would climbby at least 50 percent in volume andwould supply 10 percent of the world'senergy needs, as against with 8 percenttoday.

The institute, which specializes inanalyzing the use of global resources,admits that the bright future it sees forwood poses some environmentaldangers, but it says that these are not in-surmountable. The creation of treeplantations could not only reverse theprocess of deforestation but would actas a sort of "sink" to carry away at-mospheric pollution caused by woodburning, it asserts.

CORRECTIONThe correct address for the Saratoga

County Extension Office is - 50 WestHigh Street, Balston Spa, NY 12020.

MAYThen came faire May, the fairest

mayde on ground;Dect all with dainties of her seasons

pryde;And throwing flowers out of her lap

around;Upon two Brethren's shoulders she did

ride;The Twins of Leda, which, on eytherside,

Supported her like to their soverainequeens,

Lord! How all creatures laught whenher they spide;

And leapt and daunc't as they hadravished beene!

And Cupid selfe about her flutteredall in greene!

-Spencer


USDA SaysCrop of Ag GradsNot Big Enough

Although the employment future formany life scientists looks bleak (Bio-Science April 1980), there will be ashortage of graduates in food and agri-culture professions, according to a just-completed survey by the Department ofAgriculture.

"The overall estimate is an annualshortage of 8500 individuals withassociate, baccalaureate, master's, doc-tor aI, and doctor of veterinary medicinedegrees in agriculture and agriculture-related sciences," according to USDADirector of Science and Education An-son R. Bertrand. The most severeshortage will be for graduates withdoctoral degrees, particularly in theareas of agricultural business andmanagement, agricultural and forestengineering, animal and food sci-ences, forest products use, plant andsoil sciences, and selected specialtiesin veterinary medicine.

USDA conducted the survey inresponse to a concern on the part ofeducators and scientists in the field thatuniversities wouldn't produce enoughgraduates to ensure the growth of agri-cultural productivity and efficiency.

-from BioScienceAmerican Institute ofBiological Sciences

September 1980

"Firewood Suppliers to the NewYork City-Long Island Area," a direc-tory of loggers, is being updated by FredDearstyne. He noted to me during our3/19/81 telephone conversation thatmajor companies from Ottawa, Canadaand the state of Georgia have alreadycontacted him about warehousing fire-wood and selling firewood in cities inNew York State including the "Big Ap-ple."

If you want to be included in the newdirectory of loggers who are willing tosupply firewood to New York City andLong Island, send your name, address,phone number, and information aboutform of firewood (logs, 4 ft. bolfs, facecords, etc.) quantity available, anddelivery methods to Fred Dearstyne,NYS DEC Bldg., #40, SUNY StonyBrook, NY (Long Island) N.Y. 11794.

FROM ANOTHERSIDE OF THE TREE(Selling your timber)By: J. Claude Lecours

Independent Professional Loggerand

NYSTPA Field Representative

I shall attempt to be helpful and makean honest effort to explain, in part, thelogger's position and his share of profes-sional responsibilities; to distinguish be-tween good and bad points encoun-tered in the buying and selling of timber,giving credit where credit is due, andthe "axe" where needed. This will notbe an attempt to give a blanket qualifica-tion to timber harvesters.

Foresters and loggers would do muchfor their respective professions if theywould reognize the contributions madeby professional members of bothgroups. It would seem wise not to recy-cle the public relation methods usedtwenty years ago. An old familiar wayfor shifting the burden of responsibility isby using such buzz words as "war zone"and "butchered," knowing full well theimpact these words have upon thepublic. Such exploitation and the pittingof one group against another aremethods used to promote self-servinginterests. Better use of time and under-standing will be created by a balancedpresentation. Much progress has beenachieved in the last twenty years and ifwe are truly concerned with the interestof the forests (and forest owners), weshould all do our utmost to foster under-standing and trust between the partiesconcerned and involved with timberharvesting.

Professional loggers may operateunder the mode of a contracting or in-dependent logger. An independentlogger is usually a small operator, doinghis own buying, cutting and trucking,without the services of a forester. Thelogging contractor works for large com-panies which conduct their loggingoperations under the supervision of aforester. Professional loggers, thoughtheir modes of operation may differ,have one thing in common - "theirword is their bond."

Many loggers belong to an associa-tion such as the New York State TimberProducers Association (NYSTPA),which promote ethical business prac-tices through the provisions of anestablished Code of Ethics. A formal

complaint lodged by a dissatisfied forestowner, could result in the expulsion ofthe member from the association, uponproof of less than professional andethical conduct employed in timberharvesting.

Loggers have become the wholesaledumping ground for any and all adverseresults and impressions of loggingoperations; regardless if the operationhas been conducted under forestersupervision; regardless of the sale con-ditions or limitations imposed by theforest owner. Let's be honest - manyfactors govern the outcome of a har-vesting operation, not just the logger'smethods.

It is said that we have the governmentthat we deserve. The same analogy canbe applied when a forest owner con-tracts for a logger. Landowners whodon't apply the practice of selecting alogger like you would choose a doctor,lawyer, carpenter, or any other profes-sional, most likely will get what theydeserve. Landowners who neglect suchconsiderations as the duration of a con-tract, of which trees will be cut, or othermanagement techniques (concerns);who will trade for green dollars at theexpense of green aesthetic values, willsurely find his mate and his fate.

A few hours of your time Mr. Land-owner, to employ a professional loggerwill result in greater satisfaction in con-trast to employing a logger on "blindfaith." Ask for and check on referencesof the logger you intend to negotiate orcontract with; look over past jobs thatthe logger has done; determine whatkinds of timber you have, what applica-tion (logs, pulpwood, firewood or com-bination of), would best serve your pur-poses, for harvesting, for income, forgood forest management.

From the logger's perspective,foresters have many good points.Foresters bring in a check and balancesystem. They have skills to conductforest management; they can mediate aheated confrontation regarding aforestry matter and they can be ex-cellent teachers in this field (I haveknown many).

And now the "axe" - some of themare none of the above and many loggersand timberland owners have sufferedfrom the inexperience and in-competence of foresters. Inaccurateestimates, contract stipulations like "noguarantee as to the accuracy of this

Continued on Next Page


estimate," test the logger's ability to sur-vive when he signs the dotted line of alogging contract and provides noassurance to the forest owner either. Ifforesters have all the answers (as somewould have you believe), why aren'tthey out buying the equipment and go-ing into the harvesting business forthemselves?

Professional loggers are well aware ofthe problems involved with timberharvesting operations and are makingearnest attempts on an individual basisto diminish problem causing factors andimprove methods. Jointly, in recogni-tion of their responsibility to assist inseeking solutions, they organized theNew York State Timber ProducersAssociation. The efforts of this profes-sional organization are directed at im-proving harvesting operations, businesspractices and promoting good forestmanagement practices. Efforts ofNYSTPA, and other organizations toonumerous to mention, of educating andinforming members of the professionand the general public have beenundertaken through sponsoringworkshops and seminars. Additionally,NYSTPA and other non-profit organ-izations, are willing and able to providegeneral and specific information orsources for obtaining information, as ameans to further understanding andcooperation.

The purpose of this statement "fromanother side of the tree," has not beento criticize, but to focus attention to thefact that a single group (loggers) shouldnot be held solely responsible for all theproblems arising as a result of timberharvesting, nor should they be heldresponsible for all the answers. Theburden of responsibility must be ac-cepted and shared, by forest owners,foresters, loggers, wood industries andthe wood products consuming public.Cooperation is needed between andamong these groups to result inbeneficial methods and efforts that willbest serve the interests of all.

MayAmong the many buds proclaiming MayDecking the fields in holiday array.Striving who shall surpass in bravMark the faire lowering of the

hawthorne treeWho finely clothed in a robe of white,Fills full the wanton eye with May's

delight-Chaucer

Money DoesGrow on Trees

(And vice versa.)Consider the wonderfully versatile

American forest.It provides all Americans with useful

wood and paper products, recreation,natural beauty, protection for water-sheds and wildlife.

But it goes even farther, making theseless obvious, but no less important, con-tributions to the country's economicwell-being:

Jobs - millions of workers in thewoods, in the factories that turn woodand fiber into thousands of essentialproducts, and on construction sites allover this growing land.

Taxes - billions of dollars a year, go-ing to support schools, hospitals, publicsafety, countless other vital public ser-vices.

International trade - wood prod-ucts we export help strengthen theAmerican dollar and improve the na-tion's balance of payments.

Inflation deterrent - the more pro-ductive the forest, the more likely thatthe nation's supply of wood and paperproducts will be adequate to meetsharply increasing demands - and willbe available at reasonable prices. Thus,a productive commercial forest, grow-ing trees for today and tomorrow,becomes a significant inflation fighter.Your stake in the commercial forestSo every American has a stake in in-

creasing the productivity of the com-mercial forests. (Commercial forest, asdefined by the U.S. Forest Service, is allforestland - whether owned by in-dividuals, government or the forest in-dustry - that is capable of, and poten-tially available for, growing repeatedcrops of trees for harvest. It includesland in National Forests but not in Na-tional Parks or Wilderness areas.)

So far, the commercial forest hasbeen able to cope with all the demandsmade on it. But we can't expect it tocontinue to provide its benefitsautomatically.

Why trees need money tooIf wood supply is to keep up with the

predicted doubling of demand in thisnation over the next 50 years, expen-ditures for replanting and regenerationwill have to be substantially increased.

And the greatest potential for im-provement is on publicly held land.

So that means the nation needs toestablish policies and take actions to en-courage productivity - not only in theNational Forests but in other forests aswell.

If you'd like to be better informed onhow important it is to keep America'sforests productive, write AmericanForest Institute, P.O. Box 873, Spring-field, VA 22150 for a free booklet, "TheGreat American Forest."

The great American forest. Trees fortomorrow. And tomorrow. And all thetomorrows after that.

If you wish more information aboutthe meetings, actions of the APA, or re-quired APA permits, call the Adiron-dack Park Agency's toll free numberfrom anywhere in New York State;1-800-342-9766.

Timetable for APAClearcutting Action

According to Vincent J. Moore, theAPA expects to have the APA ap-pointed Steering Committee's recom-mendations governing Intensive TimberHarvesting (clearcutting) presented atthe April regular meeting of the Adiron-dack Park Agency. Following this meet-ing revised rules and regulationsgoverning Intensive Timber Harvestingwill be drafted; and public hearings willbe held on them. Probably implementa-tion of the new (revised) IntensiveTimber Harvesting rules and regulationsby the APA for privately owned landwithin the Adirondack Park will takeplace in the summer of 1981.

Sincerely yours,

David W. TaberExtension SpecialistWood Utilization

P.S. If you have pressing problemswith any of the following items, let meknow so I can provide you with thelatest information:

Tuxedo, N.Y.'s "commercial for-estry" local zoning law enacted October21, 1980,Sales Tax Law now includes definitionof "Reasonable Cause" relative to in-terest and penalty assessments,

Woodland owner who sold "markedtimber" lump sum with written contractforced to legally defend himself beforethe Work Compo Board when buyer oftimber subcontracted cutting and logger(who was not covered by Work. CompoInsurance) was killed.


New Slitter ToReduce Sawmill

Waste

SYRACUSE, N.Y. - Two StateUniversity College of EnvironmentalScience and Forestry (ESF) researchershave been awarded a U.S. patent on awood slitter designed to significantlyreduce sawmill waste - the sawdustcreated by traditional sawblades.

Dr. Eric A. Anderson, professoremeritus of Wood Technology, andWalter A. Maier, technical specialist inESF's Department of Wood ProductsEngineering, say the wood slitter willalso reduce noise pollution in sawmillsand possibly save energy in the sawingprocess.

The circular slitter is similar in ap-pearance to a typical sawblade, contain-ing a number of teeth equally spacedabout its periphery. But unlike a con-ventional blade, the periphery of theslitter is honed to a keen knife edge.

"Where a sawblade would have aneffective edge of about one-quarter inchthickness," said Maier, "the teeth on ourslitter come to a point. It makes a sliceinto the wood like a knife."

The slitter solves the problem that hasbaffled those working on slitters in thepast - the fact that a blade forcedthrough the wood along the axis of aboard will follow wood grain deviations,distort and destroy the blade or damagethe wood. "Our blade is self-tracking,"Anderson explained. "It will follow astraight path because the teeth simplystep over grain deviations. It is like walk-ing your fingers over a lace tablecloth.The result is no damage to the blade orwood."

A conventional sawblade cuts a kerf(a groove left after sawing) out of thewood and this is what makes thesawdust. "Since our slitter cuts like aknife, it doesn't make sawdust, just asyou don't leave scraps when you slicebread with a knife," Maier explained.

Eric Anderson, left, and Walter Maierdisplay the experimental model saw theyconstructed to test the effectiveness oftheir new slitter blade.

After being cut by their slitter blade,the lumber must be planed to smooththe slit surfaces, but so must regularlysawed lumber. Planing creates woodshavings. "Shavings are considerablymore valuable than sawdust," saidMaier. 'They can more readily be madeinto particle board, for example, or usedin paper manufacture."

Sawdust of most species has, in fact,little or no reclaimable value except asfuel because of the destruction of thewood fibers caused by conventionalsawblade action. Reliable estimates ofsawdust produced through the currentsawing process, said the inventors, runup to 19 percent of the original logvolume.

Anderson and Maier recommend, atleast initially, that in a sawmill the slitterbe used to replace the edging saw,which is used to size and trim bark offlumber. The edger alone accounts for atleast several percent of the sawdust pro-duced in a sawmill. "If our slitter wassubstituted for every edger now in use,"Anderson said, "it can logically beestimated that lumber production in theU.S. would be increased by more thantwo percent. Applied to a cut of morethan 35 billion board feet each year, thisincrease becomes impressive."

Such an effect might also result inreduction of the cost of lumber manu-facture, since more lumber could be cutfrom a given log with no increase inlabor. In a mill cutting a hundred thou-sand board feet a day, an extra coupleof thousand feet is a substantial gain.

The slitter developed by the ESF re-searchers also has the potential to saveenergy in the sawing process since theblade does not have to spin at highspeeds in order to effect a cut in thelumber. "A conventional saw revolvesat peripheral speeds many times the

linear speed of the wood being fed intothe saw," explained Maier. "Our slitterrotates very slowly by comparison. Theslitter's peripheral speed is the same asthe speed of the wood which is beingfed in. As the wood is forced against thecircular slitter, the slitter rolls its wayright into the wood."

In a conventional circular sawblade,power is required to rotate the saw athigh rpm to force the teeth against thewood and to cut out small pieces - thesawdust. Anderson says that with thisslitter the energy used is as with a knifeblade: to cut the wood and to overcomethe lateral friction on the two faces ofthe blade as it moves through the wood.Further studies are needed to determinethese energy requirements.

"The slitter's blades will rotate and slitthe wood simply by forcing them intothe wood," Maier said. It also works ef-fectively if the power is sited at the blade- turn the blade and the wood movesthrough it. Because of this, the slitteralso produces less noise than conven-tional saws. Edgers, in particular, arevery noisy pieces of equipment.

The inventors say that the next step isto find a machinery manufacturer whowill build a sawmill edger, utilizing theirslitter blades, capable of being droppedinto the production line and replacingpresent equipment. Should that hap-pen, the inventors believe their dis-covery will eventually have a significantimpact on the manufacture of lumber,on the forest resources and on the en-vironment.

We confess, 0 Lord, that we thinktoo much of ourselves, for ourselves,and about ourselves.

If our Lord had thought aboutHimself, we would not now be bowed inprayer, nor have the liberty in whichand for which to pray.

If the great men whom we honor fortheir part in building our Nation hadthought about thejnselves, we wouldhave no free Republic today. Help us tosee, 0 Lord, that "I" is in the middle ofsin, and let no man among us thinkmore highly of himself than he ought tothink, to the end that we may be used inThy service for the good of all mankind.

-Peter Marshall, D.O.


SALES TAXESREDUCED AGAIN

As of March 1, 1981, "Hand Toolsused directly and predominantly in 'log-ging' including pulphooks, peaveys,cant hooks, axes, wedges, and splittingmauls" are exempt from Statewide andUpstate local sales and use taxes accor-ding to Forest Industry Sales & UseTax Law Guide Update for New YorkState dated October 2, 1980.

Repair parts with a useful life of lessthan one year including chain saw gUidebars, and cutting chains, and filters forrubber tired skidders and crawler trac-tors used for skidding logs are exemptfrom the Statewide and Upstate localsales and use taxes according to thesales tax law guide.

If you want a copy of the tax lawguide, let me know.

By the way, vendors who sell to log-gers are required to "collect the ap-propriate sales tax unless the customerfurnishes a valid exemption certificate."This is according to Sales and Use TaxLaw Guide for Vendors Dealing withNew York State's Timber Harvestingand Wood Using Industries, datedJuly 1, 1980 and available from me.

Sincerely yours,

David W. TaberExtension SpecialistWood Utilization

STUMPAGE PRICEREPORT PUBLISHED

Everett Sochia's Stumpage PriceReport No. 18 for January, 1981 wasreleased in late February. Probably theJuly issue will be available in lateAugust.

it includes fuel wood stumpage pricesper standard cord from $0 to $40 accor-ding to 14 different reporting regions.Of course, those extremes are for "low"and "high" prices in the Franklin/Clin-ton/Essex county region and Long is-land/Westchester /Putnam/Dutchesscounty region, respectively.

The average of the "most commonlyreported stumpage prices per standardcord for fuelwood" is $7.85 accordingto the DEC report of the Bureau ofForest Marketing and EconomicDevelopment.Timber prices are seen rising again in

1981. "Buyers paying big prices today

are gambling on a strong housingmarket in 1983," says Hal Mayhew,who follows the industry for a financialanalysis firm in Portland, Oregon. in-deed, prices of unharvested trees runfar ahead of the current market value ofthe boards that could be made from thetimber. in 1979, for example, a forestservice estimate said that 1000 board-feet of lumber still on the stump wasworth about $132 at prevailing boardprices. The average bid for the year,however, was $336 - about two andone half times the estimated currentmarket value.

TIMBER HARVESTINGGUIDELINES FOR NEW YORK

Forests Are RenewableForests supply people with products

they need. Forests provide wood,water, paper, wildlife habitat, recreationand much more. Without each, lifewould change greatly. People wouldsuffer.Forests are renewable. New crops

follow each harvest. But harvestingmust be planned properly to give con-tinuing abundance of trees and animals.Soils must be protected to keep landsstable. And streams should remainnatural and free flowing.

The New York Section SOciety ofAmerican Foresters recognizes the im-portance of natural resources and theiruse to satisfy people's needs. Forestersurge care in logging and continued useof methods that keep forests stable andproductive. To help, the New York Sec-tion SAF has adopted timber harvestingguidelines for use in New York. Theguidelines list ways to prevent problemsfrom buildinq up and for safelyharvesting products from the land.

What Is InvolvedGood logging begins with good plan-

ning. First, identify potential problems.Work out solutions. Then use suitablemethods.

Here are some things to look for anddo in logging.

Streams and WaterSiltation comes from erosion when

soil washes into streams and lakes. Thatreduces water quality and may harmfish spawning beds. With properly plan-ned logging, erosion never starts.Streams can be protected from carelessdisturbance and water quality keptnatural.

What practices will protect streams,lakes, ponds and marshes and maintainnatural water quality?Recommendation: Keep stream cross-ings to a minimum and plan themcarefully.- check with the New York State

Department of Environmental Con-servation about special regulationsthat apply to logging along wild,scenic and recreation rivers

- check with the New York StateDepartment of Environmental Con-servation for advice and approvalabout crossing classified streams(New York's Water Resources Lawrequires that anyway)

- cross streams by the most directroute and avoid crossing at bendsand through pools

- find crossing sites that have low,stable banks, a firm stream bottom,and gentle slopes along the ap-proaches

- cross at a few carefully chosenplaces, rather than any place thatseems convenient

- use temporary culverts, bridges orrunways where stream bottoms orbanks would be otherwise damaged,and remove them after use

Continued on Page 9

Woodlot ManagementFor Fuelwood

Cornell University Cooperative Ex-tension (Jim Lassoie), the NYS Depart-ment of Environmental Conservation(Carl Wiedemann) , and the NYSEnergy Office (Mark Bagdon andGeoffrey Gillett) are currently develop-ing a public education program whichwill address the management of private,nonindustrial woodlands for fuelwoodproduction. New educational program-ming materials on this subject will in-clude a 16-mm film, a slide set, abibliography, and a Cooperative Exten-sion bulletin. in addition, a series ofpublic seminars will be developed, con-ducted, and evaluated for a 10-countyarea around Albany, New York. Theresults of this project should be of in-terest to others in the northeasternUnited States. it is a one year, pilot proj-ect scheduled for completion in January1982. For additional information con-tact Gary Goff, Department of NaturalResources, Cornell University, Ithaca,NY 14853.

Jim Lassoie


RECOMMENDA TION: Protect streambanks by controlling skidding and fellingclose to the stream.- avoid cutting trees growing within 10 .

feet of the stream bank (that helpskeep the banks in place and main-tains shade over the water)

- don't skid up and down the streamchannel (and that is a good rule forintermittent streams, too)

- keep skidders back at least 50 feetfrom the water and winch off anylogs that lie closer to the bank (forslopes over 10 percent it is good tokeep skidders back at least 100 feetso they don't stir up the soil and starterosion)

- direction ally fell trees so the tops land.away from stream (that keeps debrisout of the water and keeps the skid-ders farther away from the banks)

- remove any logging debris that getsinto the water so stream flow isn't af-fected

- when clearcutting, leave a 50-footwide uncut strip along both sides offlowing streams, ponds and marshes(that keeps the water shaded andprevents heating up by direct ex-posure)

Roads and Skid TrailsSoil uncovered by skidding and truck

traffic can erode if water runs over it.Good design and proper maintenancemake the best prevention. Poordrainage leads to mud holes. And ero-sion occurs if water is not diverted offthe road surface. The steeper the slope,the greater the danger.

How can erosion be prevented fromlandings, logging roads, skid trails andoff steep slopes?RECOMMENDA TION: Plan carefullythe protection of slopes exceeding 30percent.- on steep slopes set back roads and

trails at least 150 feet from streams,ponds and marshes

- winch logs off steep slopes wherepossible and minimize the number ofskid trails and the amount of skiddertraffic

- log steep slopes during dry weatherwhen soils are dry, or log when theground is frozen and snow covered

- after logging, regrade roads andprimary skid trails and install diver-sion devices as needed

RECOMMENDATION: Properlylocate, design and build all roads andskid trails.

- keep roads and skid trails out of wetand poorly drained spots, and offtops and toes of banks and slopes(that should keep machines from get-ting stuck, too, and make skiddingand hauling more economical)

- provide ways to divert running wateroff roads and primary skid trailswhen slopes exceed 10 percent(figure out where streams of waterwill run off during a rain or snowmelt, and put in diversion devices tochannel surface water off the road ortrail)

- keep roads back from streams,ponds and marshes (set them back100 feet on slopes less than 30 per-cent, and 150 feet for steeper ones)

- don't run ditch water directly into astream (stop roadside ditches beforea stream crossing and divert thewater into the woods)

RECOMMENDA TION: Select landinglocations that avoid erosion problems.- keep landings out of low spots and

poorly drained places- put landings on gently sloping

ground that will give good drainage- set back landings at least 200 feet

from streams, ponds, lakes andmarshes (that will reduce chances ofsiltation from erosion off the landing)

- grade and level landings after useand reseed if needed

Roadsides Along MajorTravel Corridors

Some people object to logging slash,hung-up trees, poor utilization, deeplyrutted roads and landings, and the like.Plan ahead to avoid build-up of thesethings. Be aware of the landscape. Log-ging just a little differently usually keepsthe roadside area looking good.

What will help to make logging jobslook better along major travel corridors?RECOMMENDA TION: Comply withNew York's fire laws.- keep logging debris off the right-of-

way of public roads and back at least20 feet from the right-of-way (that'srequired anyway)

-lop all conifer tops (it's required, too)- keep log piles back at least 20 feet

from the right-of-way (again, it's inthe law)

RECOMMENDA TION: If logging alongmajor travel corridors isn't screened by ahill, high bank or other topography,maintain a lOa-foot wide scenic bufferstrip along the roadside.

- directionally fell trees so the tops landaway from the road (that puts theslash further out of sight and reducesneeds for top lopping)

- use all merchantable products ineach tree (people don't like to seeunused logs and bolts left lying in thewoods, and if you cut them out itautomatically lops off many of thelarge branches, too)

- pull down hung-up or partly fallentrees, fell bent over and broken offtrees and use merchantable materialin them

- use care in skidding to protectunderstory vegetation (shrubs andsaplings make a good natural screen)

- keep skidders back in the woods andoff the right-of-way (that keeps theroad banks from getting rutted andhelps keep skid trails out of sight)

- cut lightly within 100 feet of theforest edge by keeping at least 50square feet per acre of basal area inresidual trees, including some bigones (that keeps a forest-like ap-pearance along the road)

- keep in mind that trees standingdirectly at the edge of the woods pro-vide the best screening

- keep stumps lowRECOMMENDATION: Wherever pos-sible, keep landings out of sight anddress up landings and access roads afteruse.- put landings behind a hill, bank or

land form that hides them from theroad, or set landings back into thewoods as far as practical (use a set-back of at least 200 feet wheneverpossible)

- build access roads somewhat curved(it is harder to see around a curvethan up a straight road)

- layout landings so the long axis liesperpendicular to the road

- keep entrances from the road narrowto reduce visibility from the roadside(widen the road once back in thewoods but keep the entrance narrowto restrict visibility)

- clear landings after use by buryingdebris or dragging waste materialback into the forest (actually, if youskid out only usable parts of the tree,there won't be much waste at thelanding)

- back blade landings and access roadsso they are smooth and level andfree of ruts and mud holes (then theylook better and should rapidly seedinto new vegetation) Continued ...


- put in diversion devices at placeswhere water might run down theroads and wash off soil into roadsideditches

- regrade and clean ditches along theroadside and close temporary roads

- where needed, seed access roads,landings, and ditches (especiallywhere they come close to thehighway)

- pick up oil cans, lunch wrappers,broken cable and other junk

Try Them ... They WorkGood stewardship of natural

resources means wise use. Wise useprovides a proper inheritance for futuregenerations while caring for our needstoday.

The New York Section SAF callsupon landowners, timber harvestingcontractors, forest managers and forestindustries to harvest carefully. Everyonemust work to keep our forests produc-tive through safe and well planned log-ging. These guidelines list practices thatprevent problems.

Use them. They are easy. Do yourpart. Help in Wisely using our forestresources.

For more information contact:

New York Section Society ofAmerican Foresters

orEmpire State ForestProducts Association

IF I HAD A POLEIf I had a pole, a worm and a hook

A peanut butter sandwich anda comic book;

I'd sit by the river and fish all day,With my toes dug deep in the

muddy clay.

I'd quit rememberin' figures and facts;Just eat and read, stretch and relax;

Coaxing the sun to warm me to sleep,Dreaming the world was mine to keep.

Yes, If I had a pole, a wormand a hook;

A peanut butter sandwich anda comic book;

I'd reign like a king with acrown of jewels;

And only the fish would be in schools.-Author Unknown

RECIPE FORTREE PLANTING

byArthur T. Viertel

Assoc. Prof. of Landscape ArchitectureNo Secret

People who are said to have a "greenthumb" are actually people whothrough common sense or learningknow what plants can and cannot en-dure. There is no secret to planting.Adherence to the following detailsshould bring success.

Season for TransplantingSpring and fall are the traditional

planting times. Many problems areavoided by moving trees during theseseasons. In the spring all trees may beeasily moved after the ground has driedenough to be workable and before thenew leaves appear. In the fall trees thatlose their foliage may be easily moved atany time after the leaves have droppedand evergreens may be safely movedduring late summer or very early fall.

Digging the HoleIt is best to have the hole dug before

the tree is delivered to the site so thatplanting may be done immediately. Ahole that is from 18 inches to 24 inchesdeep should be adequate for any treethat is likely to be planted by thehomeowner without special equipment.All planting holes should be as wide atthe bottom as they are at the top. In thecase of a tree which is moved with bareroots the diameter of the hole should besomewhat wider than the span of theroots. In the case of evergreens thediameter of the hole should be approx-imately eighteen inches wider than thediameter of the ball of earth which en-cases its roots. If these rules are follow-ed, it is likely that a tree which is 8-10feet high and which is to be moved withbare roots will require a hole three feetacross. A bare-rooted tree that is 2-21J2inches in diameter will probably requirea hole 31J2-4 feet across. A 5-6 foot highevergreen moved with an earth ball willprobably require a hole three feetacross.

Choice of TreeIt is much safer to plant nursery-

grown as compared with collected wildtrees. With nursery-grown stock muchmore of the fine feeding roots are withina reasonable compass of the trunk andare able to be saved in the moving proc-ess.

No tree should be chosen if it doesnot look healthy and well cared for.

Evergreens should have a fresh colorand should have a firm, unbroken,moist earth ball. Bare-rooted specimensshould have their roots protectedagainst drying and should have plumpbuds, fresh twig color and firm bark. Notree should be selected that gives any in-dication of insects, diseases, or majormechanical injury.

Continued on Page 11

Does anyone remember this song from anold song book (Songs of the Forester)printed at the College of Forestry in 1946?

CHAPARRAL SONG

In the hnd of the L••• en .here the II.be, lo 1.11.

..1jj J I] 3.;1 J J ~I~"~J ~iJThere .re .1_·10 b ••uh potek_e. Ihru .h;~h 'OU .uU ." •••1.

llJ J iIJJ.;1 J J JIJ JJT

2. There's old Manzanita,There's blue brush and oak,

And Chinkapin dusty(It's certainly no joke).

I!ve wondered which kindIs the worst, till I'm thin

And at last I've decidedlit. the kind that we're in.

3. We might ride the saddleOf a ridge, we could stick.

We might spear our grubWith the forks of • cree~;

Use a river bed to sleep in,E.t sawdust for mush,

But we can't scrub our teethWith this d hillside brush.

n,o.,•• b""n.l ••nl th"bo.d ••• t •• il.


Continued from Page 10Soil

To do well a tree must be planted in asoil which supplies its roots with air aswell as with water and adequate nutri-ent elements. The level below the plant-ing hole must therefore be capable ofpermitting drainage or artificial drainagemust be installed. The planting holeitself should be filled with a loose soilwhich retains moisture but which doesnot puddle. Light sand or heavy clayare undesirable, and can be correctedby the addition of sufficient organic mat-ter such as peat moss, compost, leafmould or well-rotted manure. Depend-ing on the quality of the existing soil, upto 50 % by volume of such material maybe required. All materials used shouldbe thoroughly mixed.

Transporting the TreeRoots should be protected from dry-

ing from the moment they are exposedto the moment they are planted. Withtrees that are moved bare-root, wetburlap and wet straw or sphagnummoss are commonly used for this pur-pose. With trees that are moved with aball of earth, care should be taken tokeep the earth ball moist. If the tree can-not be planted immediately, it is well todig a slight trench, lay the roots' in it,and throw soil over the roots for protec-tion. Care should be taken that no airpockets surround the roots and that thesoil is kept moist continuously. The treeis best laid on its side in this procedureso that no effort need be expended toprotect the tree from toppling over.

It is always a good practice to lift allballed plants by taking hold of the earthball. The weight of the earth is likely tobreak many roots if the tree is lifted bythe trunk.

PruningIn moving a tree some roots are

always lost. This is especially true of thefine roots which supply a tree with thebulk of its water and nutrient elements.Broken and ragged root ends should becut clean.

With the exception of evergreenswhich are generally not top pruned, it iscustomary to compensate for the rootloss by removing 30-50 percent of thetop growth. When removing entirebranches, each branch should be cutflush with the branch or trunk fromwhich it arises. When cutting off parts ofbranches, each cut should be made sothat there is a living bud at the end ofeach stub. Broken branches, rubbingbranches and V-crotches in trees that do

not typically have them are all likelycandidates for correction. It is wise topreserve the tip of a single trunk whichruns from the base to the top of a tree.

Planting the TreeEvery effort should be made to plant

the tree in a vertical position and at thesame depth as the dirt ring on the trunkindicates it was set formerly. The treeshould be placed on a good bed of wellprepared soil. With trees that are movedwith an earth ball it is not necessary toremove the entire covering of burlap.Some of it may be cut away withoutrelifting the ball after the tree is correctlyplaced. With bare-root stock all rootsshould be spread out and should bepointed away from the main trunk. If asingle root is especially long, it shouldbe cut off. It should never be bent. Ifmore than a single root exceeds theplanting space, the hole is too small.

When backfilling the soil should bewell worked around each root or withballed plants under the earth ball so thatno air pockets remain. As insuranceagainst air pockets, the soil should bethoroughly tamped. With bare rootedplants this should not be done until afterthe roots are well covered. Watershould then be filled in the hole to fur-ther settle the soil. Once water has beenadded, no further tamping should bedone but the remainder of the holeshould be back-filled with loose soil.

StakingTrees are rather readily whipped by

wind and their foots loosened for thefirst few years after planting. Protectionagainst this can be afforded trees up to 3inches in diameter by supporting themwith two stakes, 2" x 2" by 8' long.Stakes are customarily placed on op-posite sides of the tree about one footaway from the trunk. Driving them 18inches below the elevation of the bot-tom of the hole will insure sufficient sup-port. If they are driven before backfill-ing, no root injury will result from thisoperation. The link between the stakesand the tree should be a wire runthrough a piece of hose. Crossing thehose between the stake and the treetrunk will give added protection. Stak-ing of small trees moved with a ball ofearth is not usually necessary.

Care After PlantingOnce the tree is in place regular in-

spections for tree troubles are a wiseprecaution . To keep the tree in avigorous state, watering during dryspells for the first few years is necessary.

Too frequent watering is as harmful asnone at all. Water deeply andthoroughly but only repeat whennecessary. Evergreens should bewatered thoroughly just before theground freezes in the fall.

One of the most beneficial pro-cedures for the conservation of moistureis the addition of a mulch. A 2- to 4-inchlayer of such materials as peat moss,compost, leaf mould or well-rottedmanure spread over the entire root areawill pay dividends.

Vigorous growth can be encouragedby the addition of a fertilizer in earlyspring. A 10-6-4 commercial fertilizer isideal. A simple rule to follow is to apply1 pound per inch of trunk diameter thefirst year, 2 pounds per inch the secondyear and 3 pounds the third year. Afterthe third year, 3 to 5 pounds per inchmay be used. When spreading the fer-tilizer it is well to start a little distancefrom the trunk and cover to a shortdistance beyond the spread of thebranches. The fertilizer should bethoroughly watered in after spreading.

LimitationsThe discussion presented here ap-

plies only to trees within the range ofsizes likely to be attempted by theaverage homeowner without trainedhelp. Professional tree movers canmove trees of almost any size at anytime during the year.

Continued in next issue

JUNEThe evening comes, the fields are still,

The tinkle of the thirsty rillUnheard all day ascends again;Deserted is the half-mown plain,

Silent the swathes; the ringing wain,The mower's cry, the dogs alarms,

All housed within the sleeping farms!The business of the day is done.The last-left hay-maker is gone.

And from the thyme upon the heightAnd from the elder-blossom whiteAnd pale dog-roses in the hedge,

And from the mint plant in the sedge,In puffs of balm the night-air blows

The perfume which the day fore-goes.And on the pure horizon far,

See, pulsing with the first-born star,The liquid sky above the hill!

The evening comes the fields are still!

-Mathew Arnold

Evelyn A. StockEditor

5756 Ike Dixon Rd.Camillus, N.Y. 13031

.,/ -',:

//)fi.~~

Non pr~fit .0.1:9 ..buikrate

U.S. POSTAGEPAID

Camillus, N.Y.13031

Permit No. 57

ASK A FORESTERBy AI Roberts

4. A contract specifying conditions ofthe sale should be drawn up and signedby both parties.

5. Except in certain cases the totalamount bid should be paid at the sign-ing of the contract.

6. The cutting should be frequentlychecked by the owner or his agent.

These are a few very brief principleswhich could be greatly enlarged on ifthere were space. But how can the or-dinary timber owner manage all this?There is help available. I would recom-mend you first contact your RegionalForesters office. The address is NewYork State Dept. of EnvironmentalConservation, 115 Liberty St., Bath,N.Y. 14810. In due time (depending ontheir current work load) they will have aforester inspect your woodlot with youto give you general recommendations.They can also give you a limitedamount of service (timber marking) for anominal fee. They can also give you alist of private consulting foresters foryour area who will provide quick andcomplete marketing service which

Mr. James RawcliffeBox 24, R.D.#lLindley, N.Y. 14858

Dear Mr. Rawcliffe:

I'm sorry it took so long to answeryour letter but it went to two other peo-ple before it ended up with me.

Concerning marketing your timber:- There are a few general principlesthat should be followed and I will listsome of them.

1. The individual trees which are tobe cut should be selected and markedby a forester with guidelines provided bythe owner. The forester is familiar withthe many interacting variables involvedin growing timber as well as selling it,such as value of different species anddifferent sizes of trees, their growth ratesand site requirements, condition of themarket, etc.

2. The timber, I feel, should be soldon a lump sum bid.

3. Several potential buyers should begiven an opportunity to bid.

would include marking trees to be cut,estimating their volume and value,advertising the timber for sale,negotiating a contract with a buyer andsupervising the cutting.

I should mention that the timbermarket in general is depressed at thepresent time due to the slack economyand low activity in the housing industry.However, some species such as oakand cherry are still selling well as arelarge lots of high quality timber.

It sounds as though you would enjoymembership in the N. Y. Forest OwnersAssn. They sponsor several "woodswalks" each year as well as twomeetings a year, and occasionally aEuropean or U.S. forestry tour. I'menclosing a membership applicationform and a leaflet about consultingforesters. Good luck and I hope we seeyou at a future meeting.

Very truly yours,

A.W. Roberts, Jr.

Do you have problems or questionsabout your trees or woodlot, or awoodlot you would like to have?

Contact Al Roberts, our "Ask AForester" columnist. His address isR.D.#3, Cortland, NY 13045.

HUMORGardening

The best way to enjoy a beautiful,productive garden is to live next door toone, and cultivate your neighbor.

DebtSympathizer: "Tell me, friend, how

did you ever get yourself into suchdestitute circumstances?"

Derelict: "Well, when I had the worldby the tail I let go and reached for themoon." .

The New York Forest Owner - Volume 19 Number 3

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Transcript of The New York Forest Owner - Volume 19 Number 3