The Function Of Stress In The Workplace One Hour
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Transcript of The Function Of Stress In The Workplace One Hour
The Functions of Stress in the Workplace
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Accidents Absenteeism Employee turnover Diminished productivity Direct medical, legal, and insurance costs Workers' compensation awards as well as tort and FELA judgments Occupationally Related Suicide
Why am I Here?
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We need IT!
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What is job Stress
Job stress can be defined as…
“ the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker”.
(Common definition among many sources)
worker
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Our View
“Stress is essential to our ability to survive, grow and succeed” “Perception of a current level of threat to our overall well
being…. and our view of our ability to deal with that threat” “The source of, and response to, stressors is learned” “The specific definition of STRESS is different for everyone
and every organization”
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Occupational Health Psychology
“Growing field concerned with the psychosocial characteristics of the workplace that
contribute to not only injury, but health related problems”
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Stress-a-holics
• Type A’s – “Gimme an Epi fix”
• Our Learned Response
• 20th Century “Disease” – United Nations
• May deal mentally, but effects physically are the same
• Normally Cured by heart attack or stroke
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Stress Statistics
• - One-third of Americans feel they are living with extreme stress.
• - About half of Americans (48%) feel that their stress has increased over the past five years.
• - Money and work are the leading causes of stress (mentioned by three quarters of Americans).
• Source: American Psychological Association study, 2007.
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Stress Statistics
• Three quarters of Americans experience symptoms related to stress in a given month: - 77% experience physical symptoms - 73% experience psychological symptoms
• Source: American Psychological Association study, 2007.
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Stress Statistics
• Health care expenditures are nearly 50% greater for workers who report high levels of stress.
- Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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25 300
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More Statistics
• 6 Leading causes of death have been linked to Stress – Cancer, Heart Disease, Lung Ailments, Suicide, Accidents, and Cirrhosis of the liver
• Medical Researchers estimate that stress is now the underlying cause of over 80% of all illness
• Approximately 25% of all prescriptions written in the US every year are for stress controlling drugs such as tranquillizers, anti-depressants and anti- anxiety drugs.
• $300 billion, or 7,500 per employee, is spent annually in the U.S. on stress-related compensation claims, reduced productivity, absenteeism, health insurance costs, direct medical expenses and employee turnover
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Why?
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UK Statistics
• Laws related to Workplace stress reduction
• Statistics provide valid relationships
• Second leading cause of Disability in UK 415,000 cases
• Mandatory Workplace “Stress Tests”
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Stress Test
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James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Stress Test
• I have unrealistic Time Pressures
• I have a choice in deciding what I do at work
• My manager encourages me
• I receive respect from co-workers
• I am clear on my roles and responsibilities
• Relationships at work are strained
• Staff are consulted about change at work.
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Societal Issues
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Number of anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorder cases involving days away from work in private industry, 1992-2001. Source - CDC
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 5 10 20 21-30 31 ormore
Mediandays awayfrom work
BLS Days Away From Work
All Injuries
Neurotic reactions tostress
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
White Collar Blue Collar Service
BLS Data by Occupation (Injuries with days away - 1997 - of 3,418 cases)
Neurotic Reaction to Stress %
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Workplace Injury and Illness
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Men ................................................. 6639
Women ...............................................33 61
66
33 39
61
BLS Injury Statistics % of total injuries 1997
All Injury and Illness
Neurotic Reaction to Stress
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
NIOSH on Stress
But…individual and other situational factors can intervene to strengthen or weaken this influence.
According to the NIOSH view, exposure to stressful working conditions (called job stressors) can have a direct influence on worker safety and health.
Source:
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Stress Enablers and Artifacts
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Sources of Stress in the Workplace
• Traumatic or unexpected events
– Organization
– Group
– Individual
• Interpersonal Relationships
• Environmental
• Economic
• Socio-Political
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Sources of Stress in the Workplace
Organization
External Stimulus
Organizational Response
Organizational Impacts
Regulatory
Economy
Competition
Customer
Exec
H.R.
Legal
Sales Your Boss
Organizational Outputs
Happy Productive
Stressed Productive
Stressed Un-Productive
Uber-Stressed Checked Out
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Sources of Stress in the Workplace
Organization
External Stimulus
Organizational Response
Organizational Impacts
Regulatory
Economy
Competition
Customer
Exec
H.R.
Legal
Sales Your Boss
Organizational Outputs
Happy Productive
Stressed Productive
Stressed Un-Productive
Uber-Stressed Checked Out
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Sources of Stress in the Workplace
Organization
External Stimulus
Organizational Response
Organizational Impacts
Regulatory
Economy
Competition
Customer
Exec
H.R.
Legal
Sales Your Boss
Organizational Outputs
Happy Productive
Stressed Productive
Stressed Un-Productive
Uber-Stressed Checked Out
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Sources of Stress in the Workplace
Organization
External Stimulus
Organizational Response
Organizational Impacts
Regulatory
Economy
Competition
Customer
Exec
H.R.
Legal
Sales Your Boss
Organizational Outputs
Happy Productive
Stressed Productive
Stressed Un-Productive
Uber-Stressed Checked Out
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Stress Management for the Soul
• Coping Style
• Reactional Analysis
• Sleep, Eat, Move
• Meditation
• Social Network
• Laugh - Lots
• You’re OK – They’re Not
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Stress Channeling What do you do?
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Coping
• Level of Control (Rubin, Paplau, & Salovey, 1993)
• Predictability (Rubin, Paplau, & Salovey, 1993)
• Optimistic / Pessimistic (Rubin, Paplau, & Salovey, 1993)
• Approach or Avoid (Chang & Strunk, 1999)
• Opportunity or Threat
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Reactional Analysis
• Do as I Do –
– What was that all about?
• Friends and Enemies –
– Who is Who?
• Media Think –
– The Sky is falling
• Aggressive Driving –
– Impersonal Aggression
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Sleep, Eat, Move
• Sleep – Heart, Melatonin Levels, Stress, Inflammation,
Alertness, Memory, Weight, Anti-Depression, protein production – 8 hours
• Eat – Well balanced
– Small
– Slow
• Move – Exercise (Do anything) for 30 minutes per day!
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What’s the worst that could happen ?
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What’s Your Change Quotient?
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Individual Stress Management at Work
• Time Management
• E-Mail management
• Communication effectiveness
• Culture shift – Circles of Influence
• Stress conditioning
• Take a sip of the Kool-Aid
• Get Over It!
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10,080
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Stress recovery
Nutrition
Sleep
Coping
Support Network
Perceptions
Level of Control
Duration
Exercise
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NOT
• Sabotage or Subversion
• Workplace Violence
• Fear and Intimidation
• Aggression Dump
• Bullying Harassment
• Bingeing
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Stress Management for the Organization
• FIRM
• Confront Reality – Brainstorm
• Focus on the Focus
• Organizational Transitions
• Build Ethics and Trust
• Social Intelligence - Accountability
• Celebrate Success
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James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]
Focus on Common Goal
• Why are we here ?
• Customer Service
• Security
• Business Continuance
• Skills enhancement
• Who is the best at what you do?
• Who is the competition?
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Performance Standards
• What is expected of me
• What consequences can I expect if...
• Consistent implementation
• Reasonable / manageable
• Must know roles and function
• Developed by consensus
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Circles of Influence
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Circles of Influence- GROW
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Norms and Values
The way we Do things around here!
Organizational Performance
Review
• The primary function of stress is to drive positive results.
• The source of and response to stressors is learned.
• What the Heck is going on?
• Its not just about me –
– Both organizational and individual solutions must be adopted.
James D. Tippett Copyright 2010 [email protected]