The European Renaissance…
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Transcript of The European Renaissance…
The European Renaissance…
1350- mid 16th century
Warm Up!
1. List three effects of the Black Death?o Asdahsjdh
o Ashkashkajs
o asjhaksjhakjsh2. What do you think the word ‘Renaissance’ means?
3. Write down all you know or have ever heard about the Renaissance?
Causes of the Renaissance
During the Late middle ages, Europe suffered from both war and plague.
Those who survived need something to live for, to make them happy again.
They wanted to celebrate the life and the human spirit
The Renaissance means “rebirth” European Renaissance (1300-1600s):
o rebirth of ideas and culture reminiscent of Greece & Rome
o Started in Italyo The Renaissance followed the Middle
Ages Primary development in urban centers
(cities)
Florence, Italy main Italian city-state (a city and
its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit) where Renaissance begano Became wealthiest city-state
Renaissance ideas spread from Italy to other European locationso Venice used its coastal
location for international trade Crusades opened up trade in the
Mediterranean Sea
Renaissance…-society was mainly run by wealthy merchant families-ex: The Medici- powerful banking family in Florence-these families traded w/ many other countries and spread Renaissance “ideas” and funded the “arts”-traded w/ Byzantine & Islamic Empires, England & the Netherlands
Renaissance…o time of recovery from
Black Plague & political instability
o Italian thinkers emphasized humanism
Humanism: focus on importance of the individual & positive human qualities
The Renaissance put more emphasis on the work and basic worth of individual achievement—HUMANISM!
Petrarch“The father of Humanism”
Believed God gave people intelligence & talents that should be used to the fullest in all aspects of life
Credited with perfecting the sonnet (14 line poem)
Known for being one of the first people to refer to the Dark Ages
Humanists Focus on human potential and achievements Instead of trying to make classical texts agree
with Christian teachings, as medieval scholars had, humanists studied them to understand ancient Greek values.
Popularized the study of subjects common to classical education, such as history, literature, and philosophy. These subjects are called the humanities.
Looking to Greece and Rome
1. The artists and scholars of Italy drew inspiration from the ruins of Rome that surrounded them.
2. Western scholars studied ancient Latin manuscripts that had been preserved in monasteries.
3. Christian scholars in Constantinople fled to Rome with Greek manuscripts when the Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453.
“Renaissance Man” During this period Renaissance writers introduced
the idea that all educated people were expected to create art. In fact, the individual should strive to excel in almost every area of study.
Someone who excels in multiple fields/ has many talents is considered a ‘Renaissance Man’o He should be charming, witty, and well educated in the
classics. He should dance, sing, play music, and write poetry. In addition he should be a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman!
o Modern Day exampleso Will Smitho Justin Timberlakeo Who else can you think of?
Time out! Review The art, music, and philosophy of the MEDIEVAL PERIOD in
Europe generally focused on…?o Human scientific achievementso Religious themeso Materialismo Greek and Roman Mythology
One factor that helped the Renaissance flourish in northern Italy was that the region had…?o A wealthy class that invested in the artso A socialist governmento Limited contact with the Byzantineso A shrinking middle class
Renaissance means? Of what?
Time out! Review In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism
developed by writers such as Petrarch was…?o Belief in the supremacy of the stateo Rejection of ancient civilizations and their
cultureo Emphasis on social control and obedience to
rulerso Appreciation for worth of individual
achievement
Machiavelli “Renaissance Man” from Florence Political Importance:
o He wrote The Prince• Most writers emphasized the
importance of monarchs ruling according to Christian ethics and principles
• He believed monarchs should rule according to what was best for everyone, not according to Christian principles
• A king or prince might have to trick his enemies and even his own people for the good of the state
• Machiavelli was not concerned with what was morally right, but with what was politically effective.
Is it better to be FEARED or
LOVED?
Dante Wrote humanist literature in common
everyday language of the time Widely considered to be “father of the
Italian language” b/c of the local language he used…what is this called?????
Wrote the Divine Comedy • On the surface the poem describes
Dante's travels through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven; but at a deeper level it represents the soul's journey towards God. His search for Salvation
• Dante’s inferno
Heroes in a Half Shell
When you think Renaissance artists think of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, because they were named after them.o Michelangeloo Donatelloo Leonardoo Raphael
They were sculptors, poets, architects and painters
Donatello Made sculptor more
realistic by carving natural postures and expressions that reveal personality.
Considered the greatest sculptor before Michelangelo
RaphaelYounger than Michelangelo and Leonardo
Famous for his use of perspective-shows 3 dimensions on a flat surface
Leonardo da Vinci Original “Renaissance Man” Expert in painting, sculpting,
engineering, physics, anatomy, etc.
Interested in how things worked He studied the human body and
how it works and then incorporated his findings into his art.
Thought of many inventions that couldn’t actually be built until the 20th century
Leonardo da Vinci…Most famous works of art:
Mona Lisa The Last Supper
The Vitruvian
Man
Michelangelo
Renaissance artist Best known for idealized
paintings & sculptures of the human form
Created human images to reflect the “divine beauty of God”
The Sistine Chapel
David
Sistine Chapel
Official residence of the Pope in Vatican City
Michelangelo painted 12,000 sq. feet of the chapel ceiling from 1508-1512
Originally the ceiling was painted blue with gold stars
Michelangelo was originally intimidated by the whole thing and preferred to decline- he considered himself more of a sculptor than a painter
Review Time
1. Who wrote the “Divine Comedy”?2. Who wrote “The Prince”?3. Who wrote sonnets?4. Would Machiavelli agree or disagree
with this statement?“Leaders should do what is necessary to achieve their goals.”