The English Reformation

38f - describe the English Reformation and the role of

Henry VIII and Elizabeth I

HOW DID THE REFORMATION AFFECT OTHER COUNTRIES? WHO WAS HENRY VIII?

Henry VIII, King of England • Was Catholic

when he became king

• Wanted a male heir to prevent a long civil war

Katharine of Aragon (wife #1)

• Daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain

• Gave Henry only one daughter, Mary, but he wanted a male heir

Ending Marriage #1

• Henry asked the Pope to annul (put an end to) his marriage with Katharine so he could marry a younger woman.

• The Pope wouldn’t give him an annulment, so he had Parliament pass laws to create the Church of England, which would make him the head of the church. (Act of Supremacy)

• After this, Henry divorced his wife and married Anne Boleyn.

Anne Boleyn

• Gave Henry one child, a daughter, Elizabeth

• Was charged with treason and then beheaded (end of marriage #2)

Jane Seymour

• Gave Henry his only son, Edward

• Died after childbirth (end of marriage #3)

Just kidding!

Other marriages• Henry married three more

times, but he never had any more children.

King Edward VI

• His son, Edward VI, ruled after he died. He was nine, and ruled until he was 15.

Queen Mary I (Bloody Mary)• Mary ruled next.

She returned England to the rule of the pope. She died without an heir.

WHO WAS ELIZABETH I? HOW DID SHE REFORM CHRISTIANITY IN ENGLAND?

Queen Elizabeth I• Considered the

greatest Tudor monarch

• Returned her kingdom to Protestantism after Mary died.

• She set up the Church of England, or Anglican Church, and was its head.

• It was the only legal church in England.– Both Catholics and

Protestants had to attend this church.

Queen Elizabeth I

• Elizabeth faced problems with Catholics wanting to depose her and replace her with her cousin, the Catholic Mary Queen of Scots.

• Elizabeth also had trouble with money. Her constant need for money led to conflicts between the monarch and Parliament.