The Baker & McKenzie International

Arbitration Yearbook 2013-2014

JURIS

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This is the seventh edition of the Baker & McKenzie International Arbitration Yearbook, an annual series established by the Firm in 2007. This collection of articles comprises reports in key jurisdictions around the globe on arbitration. Leading lawyers of the Firm’s International Arbitration Practice Group, a division of the Firm’s Global Dispute Resolution Practice Group, report on recent developments in national laws relating to arbitration and address current arbitral trends and tendencies in the jurisdictions in which they practice. For this 2013-2014 edition, the topic of Section C of each chapter is the regulation of counsel conduct in international arbitration. Each jurisdiction examines the relationship between its rules and practice in this regard and the new IBA Guidelines on Party Representation. The aim of this Yearbook is to highlight the more important recent developments in international arbitration, without aspiring to be an exhaustive case reporter or a text-book on arbitration in the broad sense. It is hoped that this volume will prove a useful tool for those contemplating and using arbitration to resolve international business disputes.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ............................................................................................... xxvii

About the 2013-2014 B&M Yearbook Editors .............................. xxix Yearbook Topics ................................................................................ xxxvii

Abbreviations and Acronyms .......................................................... xxxix

Introduction .............................................................................................. xli

ARGENTINA Gonzalo E. Cáceres and Santiago L. Capparelli ................................. 1

A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .................................................. 1 A.1 Legislation ................................................................................ 1 A.2 Trends and Tendencies ............................................................. 2 B. Cases ................................................................................................. 2 B.1 Annulment Request I: Time Limit for Rendering the Award ... 2 B.2 Annulment Request II: Scope of Annulment Review .............. 4 B.3 Arbitrability of Environmental Disputes—Public Policy Considerations ............................................................... 5 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ............ 6 C.1 New IBA Guidelines ................................................................ 7 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct Vis-à-Vis the Arbitrators ........................... 7 C.3 Counsels Conduct Vis-à-Vis the Client .................................... 8 C.4 Remedies for Counsel Misconduct ........................................... 8

AUSTRALIA Leigh Duthie, Mini vandePol and Jo Delaney ..................................... 9 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .................................................. 9 A.1 Australian Arbitral Institutions ................................................. 9 A.2 Trends ..................................................................................... 10 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 11

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B.1 TCL Air Conditioner (Zhongshan) v Judges of the Federal Court of Australia ..................................................... 11 B.2 Dampskibsselskabet Norden A/S v Beach Building & Civil Group Pty Ltd ................................................................ 12 B.3 Amcor Packaging v Baulderstone Pty Ltd .............................. 13 B.4 Gujarat NRE Coke Limited and Jagatramka v Coeclerici Asia (Pte) Ltd ........................................................ 13 B.5 Eopply New Energy Technology v EP Solar .......................... 15 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 17 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 17 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 17 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 19 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 21

AUSTRIA Alexander Petsche .................................................................................... 23 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 23 A.1 The Revision of the Vienna Rules .......................................... 23 A.2 The Reform of Setting-Aside Procedure before Austrian Courts ....................................................................... 25 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 28 B.1 Challenge to an Arbitrator Post-Award .................................. 26 B.2 Enforcement against Art Objects Owned by States ................ 27 B.3 Arbitration Clause Remains Valid after Dissolution of the Company ...................................................................... 28 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 29 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 29 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 29 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 31 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel ..................................... 32

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BELARUS Alexander Korobeinikov ........................................................................ 33 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 33 A.1 Domestic Legislation .............................................................. 33 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 34 B.1 Postponement of Enforcement of an Arbitral Award upon a Debtor’s Application ....................................... 34 B.2 Disproportionality of Penalty Does Not Violate Public Policy........................................................................... 35 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 36

BELGIUM Koen De Winter and Erik De Caluwé ................................................. 37 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 37 A.1 New Belgian Arbitration Act .................................................. 37 A.2 New CEPANI Arbitration and Mediation Rules .................... 40 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 41 B.1 Indivisible Disputes ................................................................ 41

B.2 Arbitrability—Validity of Resolutions of General Shareholders’ Meeting ............................................................ 41 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 43 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 43 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 44 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 44 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 46

BRAZIL Joaquim T. de Paiva Muniz, Luis Alberto Salton Peretti ............... 49 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 49 A.1 Bill for a Revised Arbitration Act Passing before Congress ................................................................................. 49

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A.2 CISG Enters into Force in 2014 ............................................. 50 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 51 B.1 No Need for Post-Dispute Submission Agreement if There Is an Arbitration Clause ................................................ 51 B.2 Superior Court of Justice Defines Application of Competence-Competence ....................................................... 52 B.3 Injunction to Suspend Enforcement of an Award during Annulment Proceedings .............................................. 53 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 54 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 54 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 55 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 56 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel ..................................... 58

CANADA Matthew J. Latella and Christina I. Doria ......................................... 61 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 61 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 61 B.1 Kerry Murphy v. Amway Canada Corporation ...................... 61 B.2 CE International Resources Holdings LLC v. Yeap Soon Sit ......................................................................................................... 62

B.3 Harrison v.UBS Holding Canada Ltd. ................................... 64 B.4 Rusk Renovations Inc. v. Dunsworth ...................................... 65 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 67 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 67 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 67 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 68 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 69

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CHILE Antonio Ortúzar, Sr., Rodrigo Díaz de Valdés and Joaquín Reyes ............................................................................................ 71 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 71 A.1 Legislative Framework ........................................................... 71 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 71 B.1 Ann Arbor Foods S.A. v. Moya Cuadra, Melo Labra and Guerrero Pavez (Supreme Court, 2013, docket No. 7701-2012) ........................................................... 72 B.2 World Wines v. Mera Muñoz (Supreme Court, 2013, docket No. 7341-2013) ........................................................... 73 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 73 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 73 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 74 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 75 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 76

CHINA James Kwan, Peng Shen and Ying Wu ............................................... 77 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 77 A.1 Disputes among China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (“CIETAC”)’s Sub-Commissions ................................................................... 77 A.1.1 Disputes between CIETAC and Its Sub-Commissions ........................................................ 77 A.1.2 The Supreme People’s Court’s Notice to Resolve the Uncertainty Caused by the Conflicts ..................... 78 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 79 B.1 Ruling of Jiangsu Court .......................................................... 79 B.2 Ruling of Zhejiang Courts ...................................................... 80 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 81 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 81

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C.1.1 Likelihood of Adopting the IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ............................................... 81 C.1.2 Interaction with Local Laws and Disciplinary and/or Professional Rules ............................................ 81 C.1.3 Specific Concerns regarding Party Representation ............................................................ 82 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 82 C.2.1 Counsel’s ex parte Communications with an Arbitrator ..................................................................... 82 C.2.2 Ex parte Communications with Arbitrators during the Mediation Process ...................................... 83 C.2.3 Duty of Loyalty of Counsel to the Client .................... 84 C.2.4 Relationships between Counsel and Arbitrators ......... 84 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 85 C.3.1 Counsel’s Responsibility for Client’s Production of Documents .............................................................. 85 C.3.2 Scope of Counsel’s Assistance with Witness Statements and Expert Reports ................................... 86 C.3.3 Compensation of Witnesses and Experts .................... 86 C.3.4 Witnesses’ and Experts’ Representation ..................... 87 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 87 C.4.1 Courts’ or Arbitrators’ Power to Address or Remedy Counsel’s Breach of Rules or Guidelines ..... 87 C.4.2 Impact on the Apportionment of Costs in Arbitral Proceedings................................................................. 88

COLOMBIA Claudia Benavides .................................................................................... 89 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 89 A.1 Arbitration in Infrastructure Concession Contracts ................ 89 B. Cases ............................................................................................... 90 B.1 Ruling C-305 of 2013 ............................................................. 90

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B.2 Ruling C-765 of 2013 ............................................................. 91 B.3 Ruling T-288 of 2013 ............................................................. 91 B.4 SC Ruling of April 18, 2013 ................................................... 93 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration .......... 94 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ....................... 94 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ....................................... 95 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties .............................................. 96 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel..................................... 97

CZECH REPUBLIC Martin Hrodek and Tomas Brozek ...................................................... 99 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 99 A.1 Recent Developments in Legislation ...................................... 99 A.2 Trends ................................................................................... 100 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 101 B.1 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitration Awards ................................................................................. 101 B.2 Reasons for Annulment of Domestic Arbitration Award ................................................................................... 102 B.3 Annulment of Foreign Arbitration Award ............................ 103 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 105 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 105 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 105 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 106 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 107

FRANCE Jean-Dominique Touraille, Eric Borysewicz and Karim Boulmelh ..................................................................................... 109 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 109 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 109

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A.2 Trends and Tendencies ......................................................... 110 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 110 B.1 Counterclaims Raised by an Impecunious Party .................. 110 B.2 Serious Infringement in Case of Annulment of an Enforcement Order ............................................................... 111 B.3 Res Judicata Effect of a Decision Rejecting the Challenge of an Arbitrator ..................................................................... 112 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 113 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 113 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 114 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 116 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 118

GERMANY Ragnar Harbst, Heiko Plassmeier and Jürgen Mark .................... 119 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 119 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 119 B.1 Invalidity and Severability of an Arbitration Clause ............ 119 B.2 Conflict between Expert Determination and Arbitration Provision ............................................................................... 120 B.3 Challenge to an Arbitrator .................................................... 122 B.4 Validity of Arbitration Agreement Where Nomination of Arbitrator Is Invalid .............................................................. 122 B.5 No Enforcement of Partial Award for Costs Advanced on Other Party’s Behalf ........................................................ 123 B.6 Enforceability of an Award That Was Annulled in the Country of Origin ................................................................. 125 B.7 State Immunity against the Enforcement of a Foreign Arbitral Award ........................................................ 126 B.8 Attorneys’ Time Charges Recognized as Recoverable Costs ..................................................................................... 128 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 128

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C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 129 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 129 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 130 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 130

HONG KONG James Kwan and Jasmine Chan ......................................................... 133 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 133 A.1 Changes to the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules .................................................................. 133 A.2 Amendments to the Arbitration Ordinance .......................... 134 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 134 B.1 Court of Final Appeal Re-Confirmed Pro-Arbitration Approach .............................................................................. 134 B.2 Court of First Instance Dismissed Set Aside Application ........................................................................... 135 B.3 Court of First Instance Adjourned Set Aside Application ........................................................................... 136 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 137 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 137 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 138 C.2.1 Ex parte Communications with an Arbitrator ............ 138 C.2.2 Relationships between Counsel and Arbitrators That May Create a Conflict of Interest ...................... 139 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 140 C.3.2 Witnesses and Experts ............................................... 141 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 141

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HUNGARY József Antal and Dávid Kovács ........................................................... 143 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 143 A.1 Amendment to the Hungarian Arbitration Act ..................... 143 A.2 Developments Regarding the Permanent Arbitration Courts ................................................................................... 144 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 144 B.1 Independence and Impartiality of Arbitrators ....................... 144 B.2 Liability of Arbitration Courts .............................................. 145 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 147 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 147 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 147 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 149 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 150

INDIA Zia Mody and Aditya Vikram Bhat ................................................... 151 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 151 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 151 A.2 Trends and Tendencies ......................................................... 151 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 152 B.1 The Supreme Court Narrows the Pubic Policy Challenge ...... 152 B.2 Prospective Elimination of Judicial Intervention in Foreign-Seated Arbitrations ............................................. 153 B.3 Courts May Refer Nonsignatories to Arbitration ................. 156 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 156 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 156 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 157 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 158 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 160

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INDONESIA Timur Sukirno, Andi Yusuf Kadir and William Muliawan ........ 161 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 161 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 161 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 161 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 161 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 162 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 164 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 168

ITALY Gianfranco Di Garbo ............................................................................. 171 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 171 A.1 Domestic Legislation ............................................................ 171 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 173 B.1 Ordinance of the Court of Cassation of 25 October 2013 n. 24353 .................................................... 173 B.2 Judgment of the Court of Cassation of 26 July 2013 n. 18134 .......................................................... 173 B.3 Judgment of the Court of Cassation of 10 July 213 n. 17099 ............................................................ 174 B.4 Judgment of the Tribunal of Milan of 10 October 2013 (PG vs. Isolet) ........................................... 174 B.5 Judgment of the Court of Appeals of Rome of 20 February 2013 (At.di Pe.vs P.M. Co.Ge.Srl) ................... 174 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 175 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 175 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 175 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 177 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 178

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JAPAN Haig Oghigian, Takeshi Yoshida, Tomohiro Tateno and Yuichiro Omori ....................................................................................... 179 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 179 A.1 Proposed Amendments to the JCAA Rules .......................... 179 A.2 Consolidation of the Claims by the JCAA ........................... 179 A.2.1 Denial of Arbitrator by the JCAA .............................. 180 A.2.2 Procedure for Nominating the Arbitrator in Multi-Party Arbitrations ............................................ 180 A.2.3 Stipulation of Rules Regarding Procedural Schedule and Terms of Reference ............................. 180 A.2.4 Emergency Arbitrator ................................................ 181 A.2.5 Med/Arb .................................................................... 181 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 181 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 183 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 183 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 183 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 184 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 185

KAZAKHSTAN Alexander Korobeinikov ...................................................................... 187 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 187 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 188 B.1 Investment Disputes ............................................................. 188 B.2 Commercial Arbitration Disputes ......................................... 189 B.3 Prohibition of Commencement of Parallel Arbitration Proceedings ........................................................ 190 B.4 Scope of Arbitration Clauses in Subsoil Use Contracts ....... 191 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 192

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KOREA June Junghye Yeum and Saemee Kim .............................................. 193 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 193 A.1 Impending Amendments to the Korea Arbitration Act ........ 193 A.2 Korea’s Efforts to Promote International Arbitration ........... 194 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 195 B.1 Refusal to Enforce under Article V(1)(b) of the New York Convention .......................................................... 195 B.2 Refusal to Enforce under Articles V(1)(a) of the New York Convention .......................................................... 196 B.3 Refusal to Enforce under Article V(2)(b) of the New York Convention .......................................................... 197 B.4 Refusal to Enforce for Lack of Specificity in the Relief Sought ........................................................................ 198 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 199 C.1 Potential Impact of the New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ...................................................................... 199 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 199 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 202 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 203

KYRGYZSTAN Alexander Korobeinikov ...................................................................... 205 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 205 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 205 A.2 Investment Arbitration .......................................................... 205 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 206 B.1 Constitutionality of the Law on Arbitration Courts .............. 206 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 207

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MALAYSIA Elaine Yap ................................................................................................ 209 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 209 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 209 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 210 B.1 Incorporation of Arbitration Agreement by Reference ......... 210 B.2 Ouster of Statutory Remedies by Arbitration Agreement ............................................................................ 212 B.3 Proper Law to Determine Substance of Jurisdictional Challenge .............................................................................. 213 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ............... 215 C.1 IBA Guidelines on Party Representation .............................. 215 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 216 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 217 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 218

MEXICO Javier Navarro-Velazco, Salvador Fonseca-González and Juan Carlos Zamora-Müller ....................................................... 219 A. Legislation Trends and Tendencies ............................................... 219 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 221 B.1 Res Judicata as a Matter of Public Policy ............................ 221 B.2 Interim Relief in Aid of Arbitration Can Be Granted Ex Parte ................................................................................ 222 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 223 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 223 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 223 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 224 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 225

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THE NETHERLANDS Frank Kroes and Esther Croonen ...................................................... 227 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 227 A.1 Legislative Proposal to Amend Dutch Arbitration Act ........ 227 A.2 Trends and Tendencies ......................................................... 228 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 230 B.1 Court Proceedings: Setting Aside an Arbitral Award ........... 230 B.2 Court Proceedings: Appeal against a Decision in Which Leave to Enforce Is Granted ..................................... 231 B.3 Court Proceedings: Enforcement of Foreign (Set Aside) Arbitral Award .................................................. 232 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 234 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 234 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 234 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 235 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 236

PERU María del Carmen Tovar, Ana María Arrarte, Javier Ferrero and Sebastián Basombrío ......................................... 237 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 237 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 238 B.1 Arbitration Jurisdiction Depends on the Agreement of the Parties ......................................................................... 238 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 238 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 238 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 239 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 241 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 243

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PHILIPPINES Donemark J.L. Calimon and Camille Khristine I. Aromas ...................................................................................................... 245 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 245 A.1 Proclamation No. 518 ........................................................... 245 A.2 The PDRCI Mediation Rules ................................................ 246 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 247 B.1 The Manila Insurance Company, Inc. v. Spouses Roberto and Aida Amurao .................................................... 247 B.2 RCBC Capital Corporation v. BDO Unibank, Inc. and BDO Unibank, Inc. v. Court of Appeals ........................ 249 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 251 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 251 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 253 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 254 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 256

POLAND Marcin Aslanowicz and Sylwia Piotrowska .......................................... 259 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 259 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 259 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 259 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 259 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 260 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 260 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 261

RUSSIAN FEDERATION Vladimir Khvalei and Irina Varyushina .......................................... 263 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 263 A.1 Proposed Reforms ................................................................ 263

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A.2 Review of Public Policy Exception ...................................... 263 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 265 B.1 Bosch Termotechnik v. AVTOSPED Internationale Speditions GmbH .................................................................. 265 B.2 Transtelecom CJSC v. Vega Engineering LLC ..................... 266 B.3 Backstreet Environmental Ltd. v. Rosgazifikatsia OJSC ........ 267 B.4 Government of Moscow v. S&T Handelsgellschaft .............. 268 B.5 Lemmi Vertriebsgesellschaft v. Kompaniya C-Toys ............. 269 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 271 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 271 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 271 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 272 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 273

SINGAPORE Tan Weiyi and Jennifer Fong .............................................................. 275 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 275 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 276 B.1 Lack of Jurisdiction as Ground for Resisting Enforcement ......................................................................... 276 B.2 The Various Grounds for Refusing to Enforce or Setting Aside an Award ........................................................ 277 B.3 Court Will Not Uphold Injunctions Requiring Unacceptable Supervision .................................................... 281 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 281 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 281 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 282 C.3 Conflict of Interest due to Relationship between Counsel and Arbitrators ........................................................ 283 C.4 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 283 C.5 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 283

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SOUTH AFRICA Gerhard Rudolph and Darryl Bernstein ................................................. 285 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 285 A.1 Proposed Changes to the Arbitration Act ............................. 285 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 286 B.1 North East Finance v Standard Bank ................................... 286 B.2 Foize Africa v Foize Beheer ................................................. 288 B.3 Enviroserv Waste Management (Pty) Ltd v Wasteman Group (Pty) Ltd and others .................................................. 289 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 290 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 290 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 291 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 292 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 293

SPAIN José María Alonso, Alfonso Gómez-Acebo, José Ramón Casado, Víctor Mercedes and Fernando de la Mata ..................... 295 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 295 A.1 Arbitration Functions of the National Markets and Competition Commission ..................................................... 295 A.2 Arbitration for Lease Agreement Disputes ........................... 296 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 296 B.1 Improper Notice of Proceedings ........................................... 296 B.2 Preliminary Criminal Issues ................................................. 297 B.3 Issues Relating to Evidence .................................................. 297 B.4 Lack of Independence and Impartiality of the Arbitrator ..... 298 B.5 Hybrid Clauses ..................................................................... 299 B.6 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Awards ............... 299 B.7 Necessity of the Parties’ Will to Submit a Matter to Arbitration ............................................................................ 300

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B.8 Competence of Awards’ Enforcement .................................. 301 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 301 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 301 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 301 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 303 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 304

SWEDEN Jonas Benedictsson, Stefan Bessman, Magnus Stålmarker and Gustav Ståhl .................................................................................... 305 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 305 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 305 B.1 Challenge to Arbitral Award Regarding Share Buy-out ....... 305 B.2 Foreign Arbitral Award Not Enforceable Where No Proper Notice of Proceeding ........................................... 307 B.3 Invalid Arbitration Agreement? ............................................ 308 B.4 Counsel Obliged to Pay a Minor Part of the Opposing Party’s Legal Costs ............................................................... 309 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 310 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 310 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 311 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 312 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 313

SWITZERLAND Joachim Frick, Urs Zenhäusern, Anne-Catherine Hahn, Luca Beffa and Sabrine Schnyder ...................................................... 315 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 315 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 316 B.1 Appointment of a Co-Arbitrator by a Foreign Juge d’appui ......................................................................... 316

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B.2 Interpretation and Validity of an Arbitration Agreement ..... 317 B.3 Inequality of Treatment as a Procedural Violation ............... 317 B.4 Effect of Foreign Law on Arbitrability and Validity of an Arbitration Agreement................................... 319 B.5 Noncompliance With Number of Arbitrators Stated in the Arbitration Clause ............................................ 320 B.6 Conditions for Opting Out of Chapter 12 PILA and Decision on Costs ................................................................. 320 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 322 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 322 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 323 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 323 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 324

TAIWAN Tiffany Huang and Amber Hsu .......................................................... 325 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 325 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 325 B.1 Res Judicata and Issue Preclusion ........................................ 325 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 327 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 327 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 327 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 328 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 329

TURKEY Ismail G. Esin and Ali Yesilirmak and Dogan Gultutan .............. 331 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 331 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 331 B.1 The Turkish Court of Appeal Redefines Public Policy ........ 331

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B.2 An Arbitration Clause in a Company’s Articles of Association Risks Invalidity ............................................. 333 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 334 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 334 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 334 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 334 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 335

UKRAINE Igor Siusel, Olga Shenk, Nataliya Demir and Kseniia Pogruzhalska ............................................................................ 337 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 337 A.1 ICSID ................................................................................... 337 A.2 Insolvency Issues .................................................................. 338 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 339 B.1 Ukrainian Debtor Seeks to Avoid Enforcement Based on Lack of Authority of Counsel .......................................... 339 B.2 Refusal to Recognize and Enforce an Award for Lack of Notice ...................................................................... 340 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 341 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 341 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 341 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 342 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 343

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Gordon Blanke and Soraya Corm-Bakhos ...................................... 345 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 345 A.1 Institutional Framework ....................................................... 345 A.2 Legal Framework ................................................................. 347 A.3 Draft New Arbitration Law .................................................. 347

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B. Cases ............................................................................................. 348 B.1 Enforcement of Foreign Awards .......................................... 348 B.2 Public Order ......................................................................... 350 B.3 Non-recoverability of Parties’ Fees in DIAC Arbitrations ........................................................................... 350 B.4 Attachment Orders in Support of Enforcement of Arbitration Awards ........................................................... 351 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 352 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 352 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 354 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 355 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 356

UNITED KINGDOM (ENGLAND AND WALES) Steve Abraham, Thomas Yates and Ekaterina Finkel .................. 359 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 359 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 360 B.1 Severability Where Parties Did Not Agree to the Main Contract ....................................................................... 360 B.2 Anti-Suit Injunctions ............................................................ 360 B.3 Injunction to Preserve Underlying Contractual Rights ......... 361 B.4 The Dallah Principle ............................................................ 362 B.5 Challenges to Arbitral Awards ............................................ 363 B.6 Disclosure Order to Enforce Arbitral Award ....................... 364 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 366 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 366 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 366 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 369 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel ................................... 370

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UNITED STATES Matthew Allison, Keith L. Wurster, Donna Williams, Andrew Biberstein and Laura Zimmerman ................................... .371 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies ................................................ 371 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 371 A.2 Trends and Tendencies ......................................................... 371 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 372 B.1 Oxford Health Plans LLC v. Sutter, 133 S. Ct. 2064 (2013) .......................................................................... 372 B.2 American Express v. Italian Colors, 133 S. Ct. 2304 (2013) .......................................................................... 373 B.3 Incorporating UNCITRAL Rules Delegates Arbitrability Issues to Arbitrator ............................................................... 374 B.4 Argentina Waived Sovereign Immunity by Becoming Party to ICSID Convention .................................................. 374 B.5 Personal Jurisdiction Needed to Confirm Award Covered by New York Convention ...................................... 375 B.6 A Non-signatory Defendant Cannot Invoke Equitable Estoppel to Compel Arbitration ............................................ 376 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 377 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 377 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 377 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 379 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 380

UZBEKISTAN Alexander Korobeinikov ...................................................................... 383 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 383 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 383 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 384 B.1 Investment Arbitration Cases ................................................ 384

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B.2 Uzbek Court Practice Relating to Arbitration ....................... 385 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 386

VENEZUELA Henry Torrealba and Edmundo Martínez ....................................... 387 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 387 A.1 Legislation ............................................................................ 387 A.2 Trends ................................................................................... 388 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 389 B.1 Limits on Examination of an Arbitration Clause by an Ordinary Court ................................................................. 389 B.2 Arbitration Agreements Can Be Evidenced by Exchange of Emails .............................................................. 389 B.3 Constitutional Protection Request against International Arbitration Awards .......................................... 390 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 390 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 390 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 391 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 391 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 393

VIETNAM Chi Anh Tran and Thuy Duong Van ................................................. 395 A. Legislation, Trends and Tendencies .............................................. 395 B. Cases ............................................................................................. 395 C. Regulation of Counsel Conduct in International Arbitration ........ 396 C.1 New IBA Guidelines on Party Representation ..................... 396 C.2 Counsel’s Conduct with Arbitrators ..................................... 397 C.3 Counsel’s Conduct with Parties ............................................ 398 C.4 Remedies for Misconduct of Counsel................................... 400