The 2nd Industrial The 2nd Industrial RevolutionRevolution

When?When?• Late 1800sLate 1800s

• Late 1700s = 1Late 1700s = 1stst Industrial Industrial RevolutionRevolution

The 2nd Industrial Revolution forever changed the United

States:•UrbanizationUrbanization•ExpansionExpansion• InventionsInventions•ProsperityProsperity•PovertyPoverty•Worker Worker

UnionsUnions

The TycoonsThe Tycoonsa.k.a Captains of Industrya.k.a Captains of Industry

a.k.a Robber Baronsa.k.a Robber Barons

John D. RockefellerJohn D. Rockefeller(Oil industry)(Oil industry)

Standard Oil Standard Oil CompanyCompanyGave over $550 millionGave over $550 million

to charity!!to charity!!

Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie• (Steel industry)(Steel industry)

• Donated to Donated to education andeducation and built public librariesbuilt public libraries

Cornelius VanderbiltCornelius Vanderbilt(Railroad Industry)(Railroad Industry)

Known as a “Rail Known as a “Rail Baron”Baron”Donated millions to Donated millions to education system in education system in AmericaAmerica

George PullmanGeorge Pullman(Railroad Industry)(Railroad Industry)

Invented the “Pullman Invented the “Pullman Car”Car”

They benefited from They benefited from laissez-fairelaissez-faire economicseconomics

Laissez-Laissez-faire =faire =

The government The government gets involved as gets involved as little as possiblelittle as possible

The Gospel of The Gospel of WealthWealth

VsVs..

Social Social DarwinismDarwinism

The Gospel of The Gospel of WealthWealth•An essay written by Andrew Carnegie in An essay written by Andrew Carnegie in

18891889•Main point:Main point:

The rich shouldn’t waste their The rich shouldn’t waste their wealthwealth

They should use it to help societyThey should use it to help society

Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism•Based on Darwin’s theory Based on Darwin’s theory of of “Natural Selection”“Natural Selection”

Only the strongest Only the strongest survivesurvive•Main Main

Point:Point:The same should be true The same should be true with society:with society:•Survival of the “fittest”Survival of the “fittest”

• Inventions of the 1800sInventions of the 1800s

- Typewriter- Typewriter

- Oil well- Oil well

- Horseless carriage- Horseless carriage

- Airplane- Airplane

-- LightLight bulbbulb

- Telephone- Telephone

- Railroad- Railroad

-- TelegraphTelegraph

-- Barbed wireBarbed wire

– Unsafe conditionsUnsafe conditions– Long hoursLong hours– Low payLow pay

• Worker abuseWorker abuse

Companies weren’t being held Companies weren’t being held accountableaccountable

– Child Labor Labor