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Telecity

AMS06

Switchboard Fault Level Calculations

6 | 3 September 2015

This report takes into account the particular

instructions and requirements of our client.

It is not intended for and should not be relied

upon by any third party and no responsibility

is undertaken to any third party.

Job number 242167

Ove Arup & Partners Ltd

13 Fitzroy Street

London

W1T 4BQ

United Kingdom

www.arup.com

| 6 | 3 September 2015

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REPORT REV 6.DOCX

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Job title AMS06 Job number

242167

Document title Switchboard Fault Level Calculations File reference

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2015

Description Rev 4

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2015

Filename Telecity - AMS06 - Fault Level Report Rev 6.docx Description Rev 6


Name Rob Cahill Chris Tolmie Christian Allison

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6\TELECITY - AMS06 - FAULT LEVEL REPORT REV 6.DOCX

Contents

Page

1 Executive Summary 1

1.1 MV Systems 1

1.2 LV Systems 2

2 Switchboard Characteristics 3

3 Network Overview 4

4 Utility Information 5

5 Calculation Process 5

5.1 Input data 5

5.2 10kV Network 6

5.3 Transformer 7

6 MV Switchboards 22

6.1 MV Switchboards 22

7 LV Switchboards 25

7.1 10kV Network Transformer Supply 25

7.2 20kV Network Transformer Supply 26

7.3 Generator Supply 27

7.4 Parallel 10kV Network Transformer Supply and Generator 31

7.5 Parallel 20kV Network Transformer Supply and Generator 39

8 LV Fault Rating Summary 45

9 Conclusion 47

Appendices

Appendix A

Generator Test Sheets

Appendix B

Transformer Technical Submittal

Appendix C

MV Cable Technical Submittal

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Appendix D

ERACS Brochure

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Page 1

1 Executive Summary

This report details the short circuit fault level calculations for the MV and LV

switchboards to be installed at Telecity’s new data centre AMS06 located in

Amsterdam.

The fault ratings of the switchboards are as follows:

Medium voltage switchgear: 20kA (rated short time withstand)

Low voltage switchgear: 50kA (rated short time withstand)

1.1 MV Systems

The Liander network maximum fault levels have been provided. As there are no

MV generators associated with the system the maximum fault level expected on

the MV switchboards is solely based upon the Liander network characteristics.

Operating Scenario Anticipated Fault Level Result

10kV Supply 8.75kA PASS

20kV Supply 10.47kA PASS

As demonstrated in the table above the maximum anticipated fault levels for the

network are lower than the rated withstand of the switchboards. Therefore the MV

switchboards are sufficiently rated.

Note: The fault levels in the table above have been provided by Liander. The

values in the ERACS model in section 6 are slightly higher (representing a more

stringent requirement). However the MV switchboards are adequately rated for

both conditions.

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1.2 LV Systems

The table below summarises the maximum anticipated short circuit current levels

expected within the AMS06 electrical network on the LV switchboards.

Operating Scenario Result

Single

Transformer

Maximum sustained short circuit current PASS

Maximum peak current PASS

Single

Generator

Maximum sustained short circuit current PASS

Maximum peak current PASS

Parallel

Transformer

and Generator

Maximum sustained short circuit current

(Switchboard)

PASS (providing fault is disconnected

in 0.77s)

Maximum peak current (Switchboard) FAIL

Making Duty (Circuit Breaker) FAIL

Breaking Duty (Circuit Breaker) FAIL

As demonstrated in the table above, there will need to be some modifications to

either the switchboard/ circuit breakers or to the operation of the system.

This report details further the calculations used to arrive at the above results.

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Page 3

2 Switchboard Characteristics

The following table indicates the fault levels, as detailed in the technical

submittals, for the MV and LV switchgear to be installed at AMS06.

Rated Short-Time

Withstand Current

Rated Peak Current

Low Voltage Switchgear 50kA (for 1 second) 105kA

Medium Voltage Switchgear 20kA (for 1 second) 50kA

For reference the technical submittals are:

ME-E-003 – LV Switchgear

ME-E-001 - MV Switchgear

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Page 4

3 Network Overview

The following diagram at high level details the electrical network for the MV and

LV infrastructure of AMS06.

Following handover in 2015 the data centre will be supplied from the local

Liander network at 10kV. Due to the demand load growth in Amsterdam it is

expected that the network will be upgraded to 20kV once the data centre load

reaches 10MVA. Therefore as part of this calculation the following operating

scenarios have been modelled to determine the short-circuit fault current for

various system conditions including:

1. Fault current from a single transformer

a) 10kV Liander network voltage

b) 20kV Liander network voltage

2. Fault current from a single generator

3. Fault current from a transformer and generator operating in parallel

a) 10kV Liander network voltage

b) 20kV Liander network voltage

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Page 5

4 Utility Information

The following fault level data for both the 10kV and 20kV networks serving

AMS06 has been received from Liander on 7th April 2015.

Aansluiting 10 kV 20 kV

Minimale kortsluitstroom 7,82 kA 9,39 kA

Minimale kortsluitvermogen 142,2 MVA 341,7 MVA

Maximale kortsluitstroom 8,75 kA 10,47 kA

Maximaal kortsluitvermogen 159,0 MVA 380,9 MVA

5 Calculation Process

The fault levels have been calculated using ERACS. ERACS is a globally

recognised power system program. Arup subscribe to a yearly maintenance fee

thereby ensuring that the software is always up to date. For information on this

software refer to the appendices for the ERACS brochure. It should be noted that

it is not possible in Amtech to parallel multiple sources onto the same

switchboard. Also Amtech does not calculate ‘Making’ and ‘Breaking’ duties of

the circuit breakers, which is critical for sources operating in parallel. One of the

intended operating scenarios for AMS06 is for the transformer and generator to be

paralleled. Therefore to calculate the fault levels in this scenarios the alternative

ERACS software has been used to determine the maximum anticipated fault

levels at the AMS06 switchboards.

The generator contribution to fault levels has been modelled in ERACS but

figures taken directly from the generator test sheets and stator current decrement

curves have also been used. In order to calculate the fault current contribution

from a generator during an asymmetrical fault, the ERACS model has been used

in conjunction with information we have received directly from Leroy Somer. To

confirm these results, the multiplier factor between asymmetrical and symmetrical

faults has also been taken from other alternator stator current decrement curves to

provide an estimate of the asymmetric fault current.

5.1 Input data

The information in the following sections detail the data inputted into the ERACS

model in order to simulate the AMS06 network.

5.1.1 Liander Network Data

The following screenshots taken from the ERACS model indicate the Liander data

inputted to the model. As there are the two different network operating voltages

two separate input data files have been created to simulate the Liander network.

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5.2 10kV Network

5.2.1.1 20kV Network

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5.3 Transformer

The technical data sheet of the transformer, which is included as part of the

technical submittal, to be installed at AMS06 is included in the appendices. The

following images are screenshots taken from the ERACS model indicating the

data inputted to the model.

Note, that to accommodate the future upgrade of the Liander network from 10kV

to 20kV the transformers to be installed have two primary winding settings to

allow for the transformer primary voltage to be altered at the time of the upgrade.

Therefore two different input data files have been created for the transformers.

One for 10kV primary winding voltage, the other for the 20kV primary winding

voltage.

It should also be noted that the transformer technical data sheet and requirements

is for transformers with an 11% impedance. The transformer has been modelled in

accordance with IEC 60076-1 which states that the tolerance range of a

transformer this size is ±7.5% from the specified value. For the purpose of these

calculations, a 10.175% impedance has been modelled. This will give the worst

case anticipated fault levels.

5.3.1.1 10kV Primary Winding

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Page 8

Note that the impedance is determined by the following equation:

𝑍 = √𝑋2 + 𝑅2

Z is the impedance for one winding which is 10.175/2 = 5.0875%

R is the sequence resistance, taken from the data sheet as 0.3%.

Rearranging the formula to find the sequence reactance gives:

𝑋 = √𝑍2 − 𝑅2

𝑋 = √5.08752 − 0.32

𝑋 = 5.079%

Substituting these values back in to check Z gives:

𝑍 = √5.0792 + 0.32 = 5.089%

5.089 × 2 ≈ 10.175%

Note this formula applies to the input data used in sections 5.3.1.2 and 5.3.1.3

below.

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Page 9

5.3.1.2 20kV Primary Winding

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Page 10

5.3.1.3 Secondary Winding

Note the secondary winding is the same for both 10kV and 20kV transformer

windings.

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Page 11

5.3.2 Generator

The technical datasheets for the generators to be installed at AMS06 are included

in the appendices.

Following initial comments on revision 1 of this report regarding the generator

contribution to the maximum sustained short circuit, the first third of the first page

of the Leroy Somer test sheets for one of the alternators was provided. This was

included in the comments received.

The section of test sheet provided indicated that the short circuit multiplier was

4.73. This was inconsistent with the corresponding datasheet for the Leroy Somer

LSA 53.1 alternator.

Following subsequent discussions with Zwart the generator supplier and Emerson

/ Leroy Somer the alternator supplier with regards to the figures provided in the

test sheet it has been determined that this is the incorrect value upon which to base

the generator maximum short circuit current.

Arup have subsequently obtained the full test sheet from Emerson / Leroy Somer

on 24 April 2015. The following images show the FAT test reports for each of the

generator alternator.

It can be seen that the fault current is not calculated using the 4.73 or 4.29

multiplier as this is the value used without considering the AVR limitation.

Taking into account the AVRs that are to be used with these generators, the

sustained short circuit current is calculated using 3.1 or 3.17 multiplied by Irated.

The test sheets from Leroy Somer indicate that the maximum worst case sustained

short circuit current from one of the generators is 14.03kA.

This is detailed as shown on the two following test sheets.

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Page 13

Based on the above information and the generator data sheets, the following

screenshots taken from the ERACS model indicating the data inputted to the

model.

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Page 15

5.3.3 MV Cabling

The technical datasheets for the MV cabling to be installed at AMS06 are

included in the appendices.

The table below show the cables that have been modelled in ERACS.

Cable reference Type Length

HV-CBL-KB/02 22kV 240mm2 Aluminium Single Core 45m

HV-CBL-C/001 22kV 150mm2 Aluminium Single Core 15m

The cables in the table above have been selected for the model as they represent

the shortest path from the Klantstation switchboard to the Power Block MV

switchboards. As these are the shortest cables, they which will have the lowest

impedance and therefore represent the highest fault current.

5.3.3.1 Ring MV Cable

The MV cable forming the ring for the facility from the customer MV switchgear

to the power block MV switchgear has an aluminium core in order to meet the

specification.

The following images is are screenshots taken from the ERACS model indicating

the data inputted to the model.

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5.3.3.2 Transformer MV Cable

The MV cable between the Power Block MV switchgear and the transformer is a

150mm2 aluminium cable. The following images are screenshots taken from the

ERACS model indicating the data inputted to the model.

The table above is taken from the Leoni studer cable datasheets and the per unit

impedances match the values entered into the ERACS model.

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Page 19

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Page 20

5.3.4 LV Busbar

The 4000A busbar connections between the transformer and LV switchboard and

the generator and the LV switchboard have been included in the model. The

following images are screenshots taken from the model showing the

characteristics that have been used.

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Note the same data detailed above has been used to represent the 4000A busbar

between the generator and the LV MDP switchboard.

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Page 22

6 MV Switchboards

6.1 MV Switchboards

The Liander network maximum fault levels have been provided. As there are no

MV generators associated with the system the maximum fault level expected on

the MV switchboards is solely based upon the Liander network characteristics.

For the 10kV network the maximum fault level is 8.75kA

For the 20kV network the maximum fault level is 10.47kA

Therefore the maximum fault level is below the 20kA rating of the MV

switchboards.

The following screenshots taken from ERACS illustrate the calculated fault levels

for both network scenarios.

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Page 23

10kV Network

As can be seen in the images above, the fault current at the Klantstation

switchboards and the Power Block MV switchboards is 9.18kA and 9.09kA

respectively. As both of these switchboards are rated to 20kA, they are sufficient

for the maximum fault level on the 10kV supply.

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Page 24

20kV Network

Sustained Short Circuit Current

On the 20kV supply, the fault current at the Klantstation switchboard will be

11.0kA. At the MV Power Block switchboards it will be 10.9kA.

Both of these switchboards are rated to 20kA and are therefore sufficiently rated

for the fault levels on the 20kV supply.

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7 LV Switchboards

7.1 10kV Network Transformer Supply

The image below indicates that the maximum anticipated sustained short circuit

fault level on the LV switchboard when supplied by the 10kV Liander network.

This shows that the sustained fault current from 1 transformer is shown to be

26.3kA rms. This is below the short time withstand 50kA rms rating of the

switchgear so the switchboards are sufficiently rated for a single 10kV

transformer supply.

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Page 26

7.2 20kV Network Transformer Supply

The image below indicates that the maximum anticipated sustained short circuit

fault level on the LV switchboard when supplied by the 20kV Liander network.

This shows that the sustained fault current from 1 transformer is shown to be

28.4kA rms. This is below the short time withstand 50kA rms rating of the

switchgear, so the switchboard is sufficiently rated for the 20kV transformer

supply.

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Page 27

7.3 Generator Supply

This section details the results of calculations for when the generator is solely

supporting the site. The generator is modelled as 3.065MVA with the data as

detailed in section 5.3.2.

7.3.1 Symmetrical 3-Phase Sustained Fault

The model above show the sustained short circuit current as being 14.7 kA rms.

This sustained short-circuit current of 14.7kA rms is below the 50kA rms rating of

the switchboard and the sub-transient short circuit peak current is below the

105kA peak rating of the switchboard, therefore the switchboard is correctly rated

for the operation of a single generator.

Note that this is in fact a higher sustained short circuit current compared to the

Leroy Somer data of 14.03kA as it is not possible to model the AVR associated

with the generator.

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Page 28

7.3.2 Symmetrical 3-Phase Sub-Transient Fault

The above screenshot shows the model for a single 3.065MVA generator. The

sub-transient fault current is 27.2kA rms which is equal to 38.5kA peak. This is

significantly below the peak withstand of the LV switchgear of 105kA.

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7.3.3 Symmetrical Single Phase to Earth Sub-Transient Fault

The above screenshot shows the symmetrical single phase to earth fault is 31kA

rms. This is 43.8kA peak which is below the 105kA rating of the switchboard.

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Page 30

7.3.4 Asymmetrical Single Phase to Earth Sub-Transient

Fault

The above screenshot shows the peak asymmetrical single phase to earth fault

current is 65.5kA peak which is below the peak withstand of the LV switchgear of

105kA.

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Page 31

7.4 Parallel 10kV Network Transformer Supply and

Generator

The operation of a transformer and generator in parallel was modelled under the

following conditions of the 10kV Liander network:

Symmetrical 3-Phase Sustained Fault

Symmetrical 3-Phase Sub-Transient Fault

Symmetrical Single Phase Sub-Transient Fault

Asymmetrical Single Phase Sub-Transient Fault


The sustained short-circuit current of 41kA rms is below the 50kA rating of the

switchboard and in practice the fault current will be less than this as the generator

fault current is limited by the AVR to 14kA.

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Page 32

7.4.2 Symmetrical 3-Phase Sub-Transient Fault

The above image shows that the sub-transient 3 phase symmetrical fault current is

53.6kA rms. This equates to 75.8kA peak which is below the peak withstand

current of 105kA.

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Page 33

7.4.3 Symmetrical Single Phase to Earth Sustained Fault

Current

The single phase to earth, sustained short circuit current is 54.9kA rms. This is

above the 1s sustained rating of the switchboard but this is an acceptable value

providing that the I2t value is maintained.

(50kA)2 x 1 = (54.9kA)2 x t

t = 0.83s

Providing the fault is disconnected in less than 0.83s then the sustained short

circuit current of 54.9kA rms is acceptable. The circuit breaker operation time will

be confirmed in the discrimination study.


Fault

For the asymmetrical fault calculation the making and breaking duties of the

circuit breakers have been analysed. The information below shows the making

and breaking times for the Siemens 1000A, 1250A and 4000A circuit breakers

that are being used.

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It can be seen that for all the circuit breakers used in the MDP switchboards, the

breaking time due to an instantaneous short circuit is 50ms.

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The image below shows the rated making and breaking capacity for the circuit

breakers.

It can be seen that for the 4000A circuit breaker the rated making capacity is

220kA. For the 1000A and 1250A circuit breakers the rated making capacity is

121kA.

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7.4.4.1 Making Duty and Peak Switchboard Rating

The graph above shows a single phase to earth asymmetrical fault. The peak

current at 10ms is 129kA. In order to confirm the response of the generator, the

peak asymmetric fault current at 10ms was obtained in an email from Niek van

Hoecke of Leroy Somer (dated 06/05/15) which stated that the peak current from

the generator was 71.6kA peak.

The contribution from the transformer only is shown in the screenshot below.

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Page 37

The peak single phase to earth fault current at 10ms for the transformer is 63.5kA

peak. Adding this value of 63.5kA to the 71.6kA obtained from Leroy-Somer

gives a peak value of 135.1 kA.

Therefore the peak rating of the switchboard and the required making duty of

circuit breakers is at least 135.1kA. This means the peak rating of the switchboard

at 105kA and the 121kA circuit breaker making duty is inadequate.

Options to mitigate the impacts of these results it discussed in section 9.

7.4.4.2 Breaking Duty

The figure above shows that at 50ms, the breaking duty required is 55.9kA rms.

A figure for the rms asymmetric current from the generator at 50ms could not be

obtained from Leroy-Somer so the above value could not be directly cross

checked. Using other stator decrement curves, it can be seen that by 50ms the DC

offset has decayed to near 0. This means that the single phase asymmetrical fault

should be similar to the single phase symmetrical fault current.

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Page 38

At 50ms the symmetrical current is 6.3 x 4424 = 27.8kA rms.

The rms contribution of the transformer at 50ms during an asymmetrical fault is

given below.

Summing the rms asymmetrical fault current from the transformer of 29.7kA with

the 27.8kA calculated for the generator gives a required break capacity of 57.5kA

rms.

As this figure is higher, a minimum breaking capacity of the circuit breakers of

57.5kA rms is recommended for the 10kV supply.

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Page 39

7.5 Parallel 20kV Network Transformer Supply and

Generator

The operation of a transformer and generator in parallel was modelled under the

following conditions when supported by the Liander 20kV network:

Symmetrical 3-Phase Sustained Fault

Symmetrical 3-Phase Sub-Transient Fault

Symmetrical Single Phase to Earth Sustained Fault

Asymmetrical Single Phase Sub-Transient Fault


The sustained short-circuit current of 43.0kA rms is below the 50kA rms rating of

the switchboard and in practice the fault current will be less than this as the

generator fault current is limited by the AVR to 14kA.

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Page 40

7.5.2 Symmetrical 3 Phase Sub-Transient Fault

The above image shows that the sub-transient 3 phase symmetrical fault current is

55.6kA rms. This equates to a 78.6kA peak which is below the peak withstand

current of 105kA.

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Page 41

7.5.3 Symmetrical Single Phase to Earth Sustained Fault

Current

The single phase to earth, sustained short circuit current is 56.9kA rms. This is

above the 1s sustained rating of the switchboard but this is an acceptable value

providing that the I2t value is maintained.

(50kA)2 x 1 = (56.9kA)2 x t

t = 0.77s

Providing the fault is disconnected in less than 0.77s then the sustained short

circuit current of 56.9kA is acceptable. The circuit breaker operation time will be

confirmed in the discrimination study.

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Page 42


Fault

For the asymmetrical fault calculation a single phase to earth fault has been

simulated to calculate the required making and breaking duties of the circuit

breakers and the peak rating of the switchboard. Refer to section 6.4.3 for the

information relating to the making and breaking times for the Siemens 1000A,

1250A and 4000A circuit breakers.

7.5.4.1 Making Duty and Peak Switchboard Rating

The graph above shows a single phase to earth asymmetrical fault. The peak

current at 10ms is 133kA. In order to confirm these results the peak asymmetric

fault current from the generator at 10ms of 71.6kA (as discussed in section

7.4.4.1) can be used.

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Page 43

The contribution from the transformer only at 20kV is shown in the screenshot

below.

The peak single phase to earth fault current at 10ms for the transformer is 66.7kA

peak. Adding this value of 66.7kA to the 71.6kA obtained from Leroy-Somer

gives a peak value of 138.3kA.

Therefore the peak rating of the switchboard and the required making duty of

circuit breakers is at least 140kA. This means the peak rating of the switchboard

at 105kA and the 121kA circuit breaker making duty is inadequate.

Options to mitigate the impacts of these results are discussed in section 9.

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Page 44

7.5.4.2 Breaking Duty

The figure above shows that at 50ms, the breaking duty required is 57.8kA rms.

As figure for the rms asymmetric current from the generator at 50ms could not be

obtained from Leroy-Somer in order to cross check the above value, a figure of

27.8kA rms can be taken from the symmetrical fault stator current decrement

curves. See section 7.4.4.2 for further information on this.

The rms contribution of the transformer at 50ms during an asymmetrical fault on

the 20kV supply is given below.

Summing the rms asymmetrical fault current from the transformer of 31.4kA with

the 27.8kA calculated for the generator gives a required break capacity of 59.2kA.

As this figure is higher, a minimum breaking capacity of the circuit breakers of

60kA is recommended.

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8 LV Fault Rating Summary

This section summarises the results so far.

10kV Supply

Operating Scenario Required

Value

Limit Result

Single

Transformer

Max Sustained Current 26.4 50kA PASS

Max Peak Current 26.4 105kA PASS

Single

Generator

Max Sustained Current 14.7 kA 50kA PASS

Max Peak Current 65.5 kA 105kA PASS

Parallel

Transformer

and Generator

Max Sustained Current

(Switchboard)

54.9 kA 50kA PASS

(providing fault

is disconnected

in 0.83s)

Max Peak Current

(Switchboard)

135.1 kA 105kA FAIL

Making Duty (Circuit

Breaker)

135.1 kA 121kA FAIL

Breaking Duty (Circuit

Breaker)

57.5 kA 55kA FAIL

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20kV Supply

Operating Scenario Required

Value

Limit Result

Single

Transformer

Max Sustained Current 28.4 kA (rms) 50kA (rms) PASS

Max Peak Current 28.4 kA (pk) 105kA (pk) PASS

Single

Generator

Max Sustained Current 14.7 kA (rms) 50kA (rms) PASS

Max Peak Current 65.5 kA (pk) 105kA (pk) PASS

Parallel

Transformer

and Generator

Max Sustained Current

(Switchboard)

56.9 kA (rms) 50kA (rms) PASS

(providing fault

is disconnected

in 0.77s)

Max Peak Current

(Switchboard)

140 kA 105kA FAIL

Making Duty (Circuit

Breaker)

140 kA 121kA FAIL

Breaking Duty (Circuit

Breaker)

60 kA 55kA FAIL

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9 Conclusion

This report has demonstrated that the switchboard and circuit breakers are

adequately rated for operating on either a single transformer or a single generator.

However, in the scenario where the transformer and generator are operated in

parallel the switchboard and circuit breakers are not rated adequately with regards

to the peak fault level. Paralleling the sources also exceeds the maximum making

duties of the 1000A and 1250A circuit breakers.

As part of this fault level study data has been provided by the generator and

alternator supplier Leroy Somer with regards to the peak asymmetric fault level.

They were however unable to provide the asymmetric decrement curve for the

alternator as this information is no longer standard issue and as such cannot be

obtained. Therefore the worst case figures of 71kA has been used as the

asymmetric fault peak anticipated.

It is therefore recommended that the operation mode where the transformer /

mains supply runs in parallel with the generator is excluded. During this parallel

operating mode the peak fault levels may exceed the switchboard and circuit

breaker ratings. During this operating mode the peak fault levels may exceed the

switchboard rating. This solution will match the recommendations for AMS05

and the current operating procedure for that existing facility.

It is therefore recommended that interlocks are provided on the switchboard

between the transformer, generator and switchboard buscoupler is provided to

ensure that only 2 out of 3 circuit breakers are closed at any one time to prevent

paralleling between the transformer and generator.

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Page A1

Appendix A

Generator Test Sheets

ALTERNATOR 2

DATA SHEET 2

LSA 53.1 M80 / 4p

LS Reference : 5310089 1

Date : V4.02i - 01/2015

Chargé d'Affaire : S.Habert/CK 1

Moteurs Leroy Somer +33 (0)2 38 60 42 27

Div EPG - Orleans [email protected]

1 rue de la Burelle - 45800 St Jean de Braye - France CK

Main data: Quantity 1 1

Generator type: LSA 53.1 M80 / 4p 1

Power: 3 065 kVA 2 452 kWe 2 546 kWm 1

Voltage: 400 V Star serial 1

+5/-5% 1

Power factor: 0,8 nominal 1

Frequency: 50 Hz 1

Speed: 1500 rpm 1

Nominal current: 4 424 A 1

Winding type : p2/3 1

Insulation / Temperature rise : H / H 1

Ambient: 35 °C 1

Altitude: 1000 m 1

-

Subject: 1

Customer : Zwart 1

Prime mover : Reciprocating engine 1

Manufacturer : 1

Type : 1

Duty: Base Rating 1

Constraint: 1

-

Electrical data: EXT OE5310089 C 1

refer to Electrical Data sheet

-

-

Mechanical Construction : IM1301 1

Mounting : Single bearing 1

Axis : Horizontal 1

Rotation : Clockwise (seen when facing the D-end) 1

Bearing type: Anti-friction 1

Bearing insulation : Not insulated 1

Bearing Lubrication : Regreasable 1

Flector type SAE 21 1

Balancing : Without key 1

Balancing class : G2,5 (std) 1

Flange : SAE 00 1

Shaft height : 500 mm 1

Width : 1150 mm 1

Axial clearance : Standard 1

-

Cooling : IC01 1

Protection : IP23 1

Coolant Cooler : Air / Temperature : 35 °C 1

Air quality : Clean 1

Ventilation (internal) : Self vent. 1

Filter : without filter 1

Ducting for air inlet : No 1

Ducting for air outlet : No 1

28-1-2015

Page 1 / 65310089 rev. 2

ALTERNATOR 2

DATA SHEET 2

LSA 53.1 M80 / 4p

LS Reference : 5310089 1

Date : V4.02i - 01/2015

Chargé d'Affaire : S.Habert/CK 1

28-1-2015

-

Connection & regulation: 1

Parallel operation : Between alternators ( 1F ) 1

Type of excitation: AREP + PMI 1

Sustained three phase short circuit : > 3 x FLC for 10s. 1

AVR type: R449 1

AVR location In terminal box 1

Voltage sensing : In terminal box / Not supplied 1

Radio int. suppression: Class N 1

-

Protection and measurement accessories 1

Anti-condensation heater : Voltage : 230 V / 1Ph / Power : 500 W 1

-

Terminal box : Power connection : 3 connectors (internal neutral) 1

Line side outlet : Left hand side (viewed from drive end) 1

Gland plate : Non magnetic 1

-

-

-

Various items : Overspeed : / Duration : 1800 rpm / 2 min. 2

Paint : C3M-P - Polyurethane - RAL 5007 2

Documentation : PDF manual 1

Language : anglais 1

-

Controls : Rules : CEI 1

QUAL/INES/006 001 Measurement of winding resistance 1

QUAL/INES/006 021 Insulation check on sensors (when fitted) 1

QUAL/INES/006 002 Voltage balance and phase order check 1

QUAL/INES/006 007 Overspeed test 1

QUAL/INES/006 009 High potential test 1

QUAL/INES/006 010 Insulation resistance measurement 1

-

-

-

Page 2 / 65310089 rev. 2

GENERATOR 2

ELECTRICAL DATA

LSA 53.1 M80 / 4P

LS Reference : 5310089

C V4.02i - 01/2015

Main data:

Power: 3 065 kVA 2 452 kWe 2 546 kWm 1

Voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz 1

Voltage range +5% / -5% Speed: 1500 rpm 1

Power factor: 0,8 1

Nominal current: 4 424 A Phases 3

Insulation / Temperature rise : H / H Connexion Star serial 1

Cooling : IC01 Winding type : p2/3 1

Winding :

Ambient: 35 °C 1

Altitude: 1000 m Overspeed (rpm) 1800 2

Duty: Base Rating Total Harmonic Distorsion (THD) < 5% 1

Efficiency ( Base 3065 kVA )

25% 50% 75% 100% 110%

Power factor: 0,8 94,9 96,4 96,5 96,3 96,2 1

Power factor: 1 95,3 97,0 97,4 97,4 97,4 1

Reactances (%) - ( Base 3065 kVA )

Unsaturated Saturated Unsaturated Saturated

Direct axis Quadrature axis

Synchronous reactance Xd 336 284 Xq 171 145 1

Transient reactance X'd 32,1 27,3 X'q 171 145 1

Subtransient reactance X"d 17,5 14,8 X''q 21,9 18,6 1

Negative sequence reactance X2 19,7 16,7

X0 2,7 Zero sequence reactance 1

Xl 8,7 Stator leakage reactance

Xr 25,1 Rotor leakage reactance

Kcc 0,35 Short-circuit ratio 1

Time constants (s)

Direct axis Quadrature axis

Open circuit transient time constant T'do 3,27 T'qo NA 1

Short-circuit transient time constant T'd 0,312 T'q NA 1

Open circuit subtransient time constant T''do 0,048 T''qo 0,183 1

Subtransient time constant T"d 0,026 T"q 0,023 1

Ta 0,068 Armature time constant 1

Resistances (%)

Ra 0,9 Armature resistance R0 0,9 Zero sequence resistance 1

X/R 16,1 X/R ratio (without unit) R2 3,9 Negative sequence resistance

Voltage accuracy : 0,5%

Maximum inrush current for a voltage dip of 15% : 1873 kVA

when starting an AC motor having a starting power factor between 0 and 0.4

According to : I.E.C. 60034.1 - 60034.2 - NEMA MG 1-32

Products and materials shown in this catalogue may, at any time, be modified in order to follow the latest technological developments, improve the design or change conditions of utilization

28-1-2015

Page 3 de 65310089 rev. 2

ALTERNATOR 2

MAIN CURVES

LSA 53.1 M80 / 4pLS Reference : 5310089

Date : 3065kVA - 400V - 50 Hz V4.02i - 01/2015

Capability Curve Umax + 5% 420 V

Un 400 V

Umin - 5% 380 V

Thermal Limit

Stator Current decrement curvessymetrical phase to neutral short circuit initial 38 424 A 8,7 x In

symetrical two phase short circuit max 24 034 A 5,4 x In In = 4424 A

symetrical three phase short circuit value 29 218 A 6,6 x In

28-1-2015

PF 0,1

PF 0,2

PF 0,3

PF 0,4

PF 0,5

PF 0,6

PF 0,7

PF 0,8PF 0,9

PF -0,1

PF -0,2

PF -0,3

PF -0,4

PF -0,5

PF -0,6

PF -0,8 PF -0,9

PF -0,70.8

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

-1 -0,8 -0,6 -0,4 -0,2 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1

kWe / rated kVA

kVAr / rated kVA

kWe / rated kVA

kVAr / rated kVA

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100

sho

rt c

ircu

it a

t g

en

era

tor

term

ina

ls

Time (second.)

Isc (Per rated current - rms) Symetrical phase to neutral short circuit

Symetrical two phase short circuit

Symetrical three phase short circuit

Heat damage curve limit

Page 15310089 rev. 2

ALTERNATOR 2

MAIN CURVES


Date : 3065kVA - 400V - 50 Hz V4.02i - 01/201528-1-2015

Efficiency Curves

Transient Voltage Variation

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

0,0 1,0 2,0

Vo

lta

ge

dip

-(%

of

rate

d v

olt

ag

e)

PF = 0 PF = 0,6 PF = 0,8

Transient voltage dip curve versus load impact

Load inrush - Appel de charge - % of rated kVA

95,3

97,0

97,4 97,4 97,4

94,9

96,496,5

96,396,2

93,5

94,0

94,5

95,0

95,5

96,0

96,5

97,0

97,5

98,0

25% 50% 75% 100%

Eff

icie

ncy

-R

en

de

me

nt

en

%

Load - Charge - % of rated electrical kWe

PF 1 PF 0,8

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

0,00 0,25 0,50 0,75 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75

Vo

lta

ge

ris

e -

(% o

f ra

ted

vo

lta

ge

)

PF = 0,8

Transient voltage rise curve versus load rejection

kVA shedding at P.F. Delestage de charge - % of rated kVA

Page 25310089 rev. 2

ALTERNATOR 2

MAIN CURVES


Date : 3065kVA - 400V - 50 Hz V4.02i - 01/201528-1-2015

Thermal Damage Curve

Unbalance Load Curve Stator Earth Fault Current

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

10 100 1000 10000

Maximum duration (second.)

Stator current

(per rated current)

0

1

2

3

1 10 100 1000 10000

Maximum duration of fault (second.)

Negative phase sequence Current (per

rated current)

0

25

50

75

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Maximum duration of fault (second.)

Fault Current (A)C : Extensive damageB : Considerable damageA : Acceptable damage

A

B

C

Page 35310089 rev. 2

Telecity AMS06



\\GLOBAL.ARUP.COM\LONDON\BEL\JOBS\200000\242100\242167-00 - TELECITY AMS06\4 INTERNAL DATA\05 REPORTS\04 ELECTRICAL\01 FAULT LEVEL REPORT\ISSUE 6\TELECITY - AMS06 - FAULT

LEVEL REPORT REV 6.DOCX

Appendix B

Transformer Technical Submittal

Telecity AMS06





Appendix C

MV Cable Technical Submittal

MERCURY ENGINEERING

Mercury House, Ravens Rock Road, Sandyford Business Estate, Dublin 18, Ireland. T: +353 1 216 3000 F: +353 1 216 3005 E: [email protected] W: www.mercuryeng.com

Directors: Eoin Vaughan, Rickie Rogers, Ronan O’Kane, Frank Matthews, Ronan Lynch, John Littlefield

Registered in Ireland No: 225667

1. MV Cable schedule

Cab

le R

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From

ToC

PDIn

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Size

Type

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Type

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umin

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1 x1

c30

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2kV

solid

cop

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e, X

LPE

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la

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HV-

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-KA

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ASB

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2kV

sing

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240

12.7

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able

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laid

flat

con

figur

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HV-

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-KB

/001

Inko

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Klan

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tion

B12

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12.7

/22k

V si

ngle

cor

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umin

imum

ca

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XLP

E Sh

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3 x

1 x1

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cop

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BSB

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C63

0A12

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sing

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alum

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cabl

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LPE

Shea

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x 1

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240

12.7

/22k

V so

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1C

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Lad

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in

laid

flat

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Cab

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uted

thro

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switc

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m fo

r po

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blo

ck D

. Cab

le to

hav

e su

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ent l

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rmin

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r whe

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HV-

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/003

SB-H

V-C

SB-H

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630A

12.7

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V si

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umin

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XLP

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cop

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HV-

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/004

SB-H

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630A

12.7

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umin

imum

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cop

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la

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onfig

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HV-

CBL

-B/0

01SB

-HV-

BTX

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1 x

c

12.7

/22k

V so

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XLP

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115

HV-

CBL

-C/0

01SB

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CTX

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1 x

c

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/22k

V so

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115

Not

es:

1. E

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/ yes

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at b

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10kV

and

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ntst

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Kla

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SB-H

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Tele

city

AM

S06

HVCableSchedu

le

5

RC

20/0

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2421

67

BM

Job

No.

Mem

ber/L

ocat

ion

Mad

e by

Job

Title

Chd

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.

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ted

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19:3

5

95 95 95 95 95 95 95 95

14 14105

62 45 20

Cab

le L

adde

r, ar

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ed in

la

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urat

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Cab

le L

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r, ar

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la

id fl

at c

onfig

urat

ion

MERCURY ENGINEERING




2. MV Cable

TRI-DELTA® Mittelspannungs-Einleiterkabel

XDALZ-MONO mit Aluminiumleiter und Aluminiumrohrschirm

Câble moyenne tension unipolaire TRI-DELTA®

XDALZ-MONO avec conducteur en aluminium et écran en aluminium, forme tubulaire

Anwendung

Basiskabel für Mittelspannungsverbindungen. Einsatz bei grossen Längen oder schwieriger Leitungsführung.

Aufbau

Leiter 1 : Aluminium-Leiter, mehrdrähtig, verdichtet, nach DIN VDE 0295 / IEC 60228, Klasse 2

Innere Halbleiterschicht / Dielektrikum XLPE / Äussere Halbleiterschicht 2 : In einem Arbeitsgang extrudiert, Grenzflächen verschweisst

Halbleiterquellband 3 : Polsterband längswasserdicht Aluminiumschirm, rohrförmig 4 : Aluminiumband überlappt und verklebt,

querwasserdicht Mantel 5 : Kunststoff auf PE-Basis, schwarz mit roten Längsstreifen

Technische Daten

Nennspannung: U/U0 20 /12 kV (10/6 kV, 30/18 kV auf Anfrage). Der Dauerbetrieb mit einer um 20 % erhöhten Spannung (Um) ist zulässig.

Prüfspannung: 4 × U0 mit 50 Hz während 20 Min. Teilentladungsprüfung: Prüfspannung 4 × U0, Pegel < 2 pC während 20 Min. Temperaturbereich:

Dauerbetrieb 90 °C Notbetrieb 130 °C (< 8 h/d; <100 h/a) Kurzschluss 250 °C (max. 5 s)

Biegeradien: Einzug 15 × Aussen- Montage 11 × Aussen-

Einzug am Leiter: Max. 30 N/mm2 (1 × Leiterquerschnitt × 30 N/mm2)

Normen / Materialeigenschaften

Aufbau: CENELEC HD 620 S1 Halogenfrei: IEC 60754-1, EN 50267-2-1 Keine korrosiven Gase: IEC 60754-2, EN 50267-2-2 Keine toxischen Gase: NES 02-713, NFC 20-454 Geringe Rauchentwicklung: IEC 61034, EN 50268-2

Besonderheiten

Einziges Mittelspannungskabel in der Schweiz mit SEV+ Typenzulassung Spezialauführung mit Kupfer-Rohrschirm auf Anfrage Empfehlung: Für optimierten Schirmanschluss End- und Verbindungselemente

von LEONI Studer AG verwenden.

Application

Câble de base pour des liaisons moyenne tension. Utilisé pour des distances grandes ou des tracés compliqués.

Construction

Conducteur 1 : Aluminium, multibrins, rétreint, selon DIN VDE 0295 / CEI 60228, Classe 2

Semi-conducteur interne / Diélectrique XLPE / Semi-conducteur externe 2 : Extrudé durant la même phase de fabrication, couches périphériques soudées entre-elles

Bande semi-conductrice gonflable 3 : Bande de protection avec étanchéité longitudinale

Ecran en aluminium, forme tubulaire 4 : Bande aluminium soudée par recouvrement, étanchéité radiale

Gaine 5 : Plastique à base de PE, noire à bandes rouges longitudinales

Données techniques

Tension nominale: U/U0 20/12 kV (10/6 kV, 30/18 kV sur demande) Une tension de 20 % > à la tension nominale (Um) est admissible en permanence.

Tension d’essai: 4 × U0 à 50 Hz pendant 20 min. Test de décharges partielles: Tension d’essai 4 × U0, niveau < 2 pC

pendant 20 min. Plage de température:

En permanence 90 °C Régime de secours +130 °C (<8 h/j; <100 h/a) En cas de court-circuit 250 °C (max. 5 s)

Rayons de courbure:

Tirage 15 × extérieur Montage 11 × extérieur

Tirage sur conducteur: Max. 30 N/mm2 (1 × section × 30 N/mm2)

Normes / Propriétés des matériaux

Construction: CENELEC HD 620 S1 Sans halogènes: CEI 60754-1, EN 50267-2-1 Pas de gaz corrosifs: CEI 60754-2, EN 50267-2-2 Pas de gaz toxiques: NES 02-713, NFC 20-454 Faible dégagement de fumée: CEI 61034, EN 50268-2

Spécialités

Certificat ASE Plus pour la conformité et la qualité Exécution spéciale avec écran tubulaire en cuivre sur demande Recommandations: Pour la connection optimale de l'écran utiliser les élements

de connection et les éxtremités de la maison LEONI Studer AG.

1

2

3

4

5

18 LEONI Studer AG Telefon +41 (0)62 288 82 82 www.leoni-power-utilities.com [email protected] Dezember 2008

BETApower

Vorteile

Längs- und querwasserdicht Geringe Schirmverluste

Lange Lebensdauer (> 40 Jahre) Halogenfrei / Ökologie Robuster, abriebfester, hochzäher Mantel mit geringen Einzugskräften Geringes Gewicht

Avantages

Étanchéité à l’eau, longitudinale et radiale Pertes diminuées dans l’écran Éspérance de vie très élevée (> 40 ans) Sans halogène / écologique Gaine robuste, extrêmement tenace avec forces de tirage diminuées Faible poids

Abmessungen, Gewichte

Dimensions, Poids

KabelaufbauConstruction

Artikel-Nr.No d'article

Leiterisolations- conducteur isol.

Aussen- extérieur

GewichtPoids

Biegeradius Einzug 1 / Montage 2

Rayon de courbure Tirage 1 / Montage 2

Zugkraft 3

Force de tirage 3 Brandlast

Charge calorifique

n × mm2 mm mm kg / 100 m mm max. kN kWh/m

1 × 50 Al / 27 Al 226293 19,80 26,10 62 392 / 287 1,50 5,11 × 95 Al / 32 Al 226294 23,40 29,70 85 446 / 327 2,85 6,21 × 150 Al / 34 Al 226295 26,10 32,40 107 486 / 356 4,50 7,21 × 185 Al / 38 Al 226296 27,90 34,20 121 513 / 376 5,55 7,51 × 240 Al / 39 Al 226297 30,20 37,50 149 563 / 413 7,20 9,01 × 300 Al / 41 Al 226298 32,50 39,80 172 597 / 438 9,00 9,91 × 400 Al / 45 Al 226299 35,50 42,80 199 642 / 471 12,00 10,01 × 500 Al / 48 Al 226300 38,60 45,90 244 689 / 505 15,00 12,01 × 630 Al / 53 Al 226301 42,70 50,00 295 750 / 550 18,90 13,7

1 Belastungsgrad 24 h, 100 % Nennstrom (Anwendung vor allem für Energieerzeugungsanlagen)2 Belastungsgrad 10 h, 100 % und 14 h, 60 % Nennstrom (Standardanwendung)3 Maximal während 8 h pro Tag und maximal 100 h pro Jahr 4 Rohrinnendurchmesser mindestens 3 × Einzelleiteraussendurchmesser5 Rohrinnendurchmesser mindestens 1,5 × Kabeldurchmesser

Berechnungsgrundlagen: Verlegetiefe 1 m, Bodentemperatur 20 °C, Lufttemperatur 30 °C, Schirme beid-seitig geerdet, spezifischer thermischer Widerstand des Bodens 1K m/W, gegen direkte Sonneneinstrahlung geschützt, ein Kabelsystem einzeln verlegt.

Strombelastbarkeit

Courant maximal admissible

KabelaufbauConstruction

Verlegung in Rohr in Erde4

Pose dans un tube en terre4

Verlegung in Rohr in Erde5 Pose dans un tube en terre 5

Dauerlast1 / Industrielast 2

Charge permanente1 / industrielle 2

Notbetrieb 3

Régime de secours 3

Dauerlast1 / Industrielast 2

Charge permanente1 / industrielle 2

Notbetrieb 3

Régime de secours 3

n × mm2 60 °CA

90 °CA

130 °CA

60 °CA

90 °CA

130 °CA

1 × 50 Al / 27 Al 116 / 136 146 / 171 172 138 / 162 174 / 204 2051 × 95 Al / 32 Al 170 / 200 214 / 252 253 202 / 238 255 / 300 3011 × 150 Al / 34 Al 216 / 255 272 / 321 322 258 / 303 325 / 382 3841 × 185 Al / 38 Al 246 / 289 309 / 364 366 293 / 344 369 / 434 4361 × 240 Al / 39 Al 286 / 336 360 / 424 426 341 / 401 429 / 505 5071 × 300 Al / 41 Al 323 / 381 408 / 480 482 386 / 454 486 / 572 5741 × 400 Al / 45 Al 378 / 445 477 / 562 565 443 / 522 559 / 657 6611 × 500 Al / 48 Al 433 / 509 546 / 643 647 509 / 598 641 / 755 7591 × 630 Al / 53 Al 509 / 599 644 / 757 764 584 / 688 738 / 868 873 Verlegung in Luft

Pose aérienneVerlegung in Luft

Pose aérienne

1 × 50 Al / 27 Al 136 195 249 156 222 2811 × 95 Al / 32 Al 207 297 378 237 339 4291 × 150 Al / 34 Al 269 387 494 310 443 5621 × 185 Al / 38 Al 310 446 569 357 511 6481 × 240 Al / 39 Al 367 529 675 424 605 7681 × 300 Al / 41 Al 422 608 776 488 698 8861 × 400 Al / 45 Al 493 711 910 573 820 1'0421 × 500 Al / 48 Al 574 829 1'062 670 960 1'2221 × 630 Al / 53 Al 669 970 1'246 789 1'133 1'444

1 Facteur de charge 24 h, courant nominal 100 % (principale application: centrales de production)2 Facteur de charge 10 h, 100 % et 14 h, 60 % du courant nominal (utilisation habituelle)3 Au maximum 8 h par jour et 100 h par année 4 intérieur du tube: minimum 3 × du câble unipolaire5 intérieur du tube: minimum 1,5 × du câble

Bases de calcul: Profondeur de pose 1 m, température du sol 20 °C, température de l‘air 30 °C, écran mis à la terre des 2 côtés, résistance thermique spécifique du sol 1K m/W, protégé contre l‘irradiation solaire directe, 1 seul système de câble posé.

1 Berechnungsgrundlage Einzug: ≥ 15 × Aussen-2 Berechnungsgrundlage Montage: ≥ 11 × Aussen-3 Berechnungsgrundlage max. Zugkraft: 30 N/mm2 am Leiter

1 Base de calcul Tirage: ≥ 15 × extérieur2 Base de calcul Montage: ≥ 11 × extérieur3 Base de calcul Force de tirage max.: 30 N/mm2 sur conducteur

Décembre 2008 LEONI Studer AG Téléphone +41 (0)62 288 82 82 www.leoni-power-utilities.com [email protected] 19

TRI-DELTA® Mittelspannungs-EinleiterkabelXDALZ-MONO

Câble moyenne tension unipolaire TRI-DELTA®XDALZ-MONO

MERCURY ENGINEERING




3. Earth Cable

Halogeenvrij installatiedraad

NEN: Z1Dzh 450/750 V CLC: H07Z1U (massieve geleider) H07Z1R (samengeslagen geleider)

Toepassing: · In installaties waar hoge eisen worden gesteld aan de brandveiligheid · In buis of plintsystemen · Bedrading van schakelkasten, bedieningspanelen, toestellen, enz.

Eigenschappen bij brand: · Halogeenvrij, in overeenstemming met NENENIEC 60754 · "Low smoke", in overeenstemming met NENENIEC 61034 · Zelfdovend, in overeenstemming met NENENIEC 603321

Constructie: Geleider: massief (klasse 1) of samengeslagen (klasse 2) blank koper Isolatie: halogeenvrij (zh)

Elektrische gegevens: Nominale spanning: 450/750 V Beproevingsspanning: 2,5 kV

Aderkleuren: Standaardkleuren: zie tabel Andere kleuren: op aanvraag leverbaar

Normen/Referenties: NENEN 50525NENENIEC 603321 NENENIEC 60754 NENENIEC 61034

Overige gegevens: Minimum installatietemperatuur: 20 °C Maximum geleidertemperatuur: +70 °C Gebruikstemperatuur: min. 40 °C, max. +50 °C Keur: <HAR> Aflevering: dozen, ringen, haspels

Constructiegegevens

Geleidermateriaal Cu, blank

Nom. geleiderdoorsnede 120 mm²

AWGmaat 0

Nom. geleiderdiameter 13.9 mm

Samenstelling geleider Klasse 2 =samengeslagen

Aderisolatie Copolymeerthermoplastisch

Scherm Nee

Aderkleur Groen/geel

Buitendiameter circa 17.2 mm

Gewicht 1155 kg/km

Eigenschappen

Halogeenvrij volgens EN 5026722 Ja

Halogeenvrij volgens EN 607541/2 Ja

Brandvertraging Volgens EN 6033212

Rookarm volgens EN 610342 Ja

Koudebestendig volgens EN 6081114 Ja

Koudebestendig volgens EN 60811504+505+506

Ja

Oliebestendig volgens EN 6081121 Nee

Oliebestendig volgens EN 60811404 Nee

Toegestane kabelbuitentemperatuur, in beweging 20 / 50 °C

Toegestane kabelbuitentemperatuur, vastgemonteerd

40 / 50 °C

Buigradius 105 mm

Max. trekkracht 6000 N

Elektrisch

Nom. spanning U0 450 V

Nom. spanning U 750 V

Geleiderweerstand 20 gr 0.153 ohm/km

Geleiderweerstand bedrijfstemperatuur 0.183 ohm/km

Stroombelastbaarheid 239 A

HVD123777 : HVD 70C 450/750V ye/gn# 120 mm2

1/1

Telecity AMS06





Appendix D

ERACS Brochure

E R A C S

ERACS - Electrical Power Systems Analysis SoftwareCobham Technical Services ERA Technology

The most important thing we build is trust

ERACS - Electrical Power Systems Analysis SoftwareInnovation in Power Systems Analysis Software Technology

The economic design of power systems is

critically dependent on being able to predict

the system behaviour under both normal

and abnormal operating conditions. Hand

calculations and estimates are possible but

increasingly expensive in engineers’ time and

run the risk of introducing errors resulting in

significant safety and reliability implications.

ERACS is Cobham Technical Services’ suite

of power systems analysis software. It allows

users to simulate electrical power system

networks quickly and easily to judge their

correct, safe and timely operation.

ERACS software is at the forefront of

development taking account of both the

continuing pressure for ever easier operational

software and the increasing technical needs

of modern engineering.

The name ERACS is synonymous with quality,

reliability, accuracy, ease of operation and

adaptability to changing market needs.

Benefits

Using ERACS to conduct power system

analysis, clients are able to:

save costs

reduce risk

improve system quality

increase reliability and safety.

System

ERACS software is PC-based, fully integrated

and has an easy to use interface. The data

is entered once only in a central database,

making data management a very simple

procedure. Networks for simulation by ERACS

may be either radial or fully interconnected

systems or a mixture of both (HV to LV).

ERACS software options

The following program modules and options

are available:

ERACS Screenshots

Loadflow

Transient Stability

2

Graphical User Interface

Loadflow

Fault (classical)

Fault IEC909

Arc Flash Hazard

Harmonic G5/4

Harmonic Injection

Harmonic Impedance

Transient Stability

Protection Co-ordination

Universal Dynamic Modeller

Stand Alone or Network Versions

10, 50, 100, 150, 300, 500, and 1500

Busbar Versions.

Quality

ERACS is developed under ERA Technology

Ltd’s ISO 9001 and TickIT certified quality

system.

Why ERACS?

The ERACS suite of power systems analysis

software is in constant use by experienced

Cobham power engineers for system study

purposes. They have direct input into the

program development to incorporate best

practices currently in use within the electrical

industry. ERACS’ diverse user base (including

offshore, marine, mining, utilities, transport

and academia) is encouraged to contribute

to the development and direction of the

programs. In this way the ERACS programs

are constantly moving forward, providing real

benefits in terms of reduced study times and

improved technical capability to users, and

meeting the specific needs of engineers with

practical problems to solve.

The provision of a dedicated ERACS user

website and support hotline further benefits

its user base. Staffed by electrical/software

engineers with a great depth of understanding

of the latest programming techniques and

tools, they also have direct access to Cobham’s

own leading power systems engineers for

Protection Co-ordination

Harmonics

3

For further information please contact:

Cobham Technical ServicesERA TechnologyCleeve Road,Leatherhead, Surrey KT22 7SA UKTel: +44 (0)1372 367007Fax: +44 (0)1372 367009Email: [email protected]: www.era.co.uk/eracs

www.cobham.com/technicalservices

technical support. The ERACS support team

prides itself on its fast response time to

technical queries from its software users.

The ERACS Loadflow program models

radial and mesh/interconnected AC three

phase LV to HV systems with multiple

generation sources. Loadflow calculates:

system losses, power/VAr/current flows

(on screen arrows indicate direction),

transformer tap settings, equipment

loading and voltage profiles (plus many

more). As with all ERACS programs,

results can be selected and displayed on

the single line diagram or saved to printed

output and may be exported to other

applications for the generation of user

customised reports.

The ERACS Fault programs (Classical &

IEC909) allow all classical fault types to

be applied to system elements with an

additional survey option to automate

this process.

The ERACS Harmonic Injection program

allows multiple harmonic sources to be

connected to the system and their effect

calculated. Results include total harmonic

voltage and current distortion and their

individual harmonic components in both

graphical and numerical formats.

The ERACS Harmonic Impedance program

calculates the harmonic impedance

profiles between selected system busbars,

indicating possible system resonance.

The ERACS Harmonic G5/4 program allows

the connection of non-linear equipment

to be assessed against the planning levels

specified in ER G5/4.

The ERACS Protection Co-ordination

program is four programs in one and

includes:

Protection Device Setting: Relays, fuses

and circuit breakers are added from the

ERACS data library to the single line diagram.

Settings and discrimination times are then

graphically selected.

Protection Stability Checking: Having selected

the desired settings the protection program

checks that no devices operate under steady

state loadflow conditions or as a result of

network reconfiguration.

Protection Dynamic studies: Any one of the

classical fault conditions can be applied to

any part of the network to evaluate the

dynamic operation of the protection scheme.

ERACS steps through stage by stage to

confirm (or not) that the location of the

fault can be isolated in an acceptable manner.

Protection Analyser: This single operation

allows every element in the network to be

faulted individually and the corresponding

protection scheme reactions logged. User

friendly graphical reporting allows weaknesses

and failures in the total protection scheme to

be quickly identified. All backed up by a large

library of equipment and manufacture’s data

The ERACS Arc Flash Hazard Assessment

program examines the electrical network

to determine the severity of arc flash

hazards and recommends appropriate

PPE to IEEE 1584 and NFPA 70E. Warning

labels can also be generated (and

customised) from the tabulated results.

The ERACS Transient Stability program

allows dynamic system behaviour to

be studied (e.g. motor starting, fault

application, load application, load rejection

and generator behaviour). A timeline of

multiple events is selected with the result

shown graphically and on the single

line diagram.

The ERACS Universal Dynamic Modeller

(UDM) allows AVR, Governor and controlled

shunt models (DFIG’s, PFC’s , SVC’s, saturable

reactors etc) to be built and configured

for use within Loadflow or Transient

Stability studies.

Cobham Technical Services also supply

GroundRod substation earthing software,

standalone Arc Flash Hazard calculator and

state-of-the-art 2D and 3D electromagnetic

design, modelling, analysis and simulation

software (Vector Fields Concerto & Opera).

Cobham Technical Services

Cobham Technical Services works at the

leading-edge of innovation by undertaking

advanced design and development, producing

high-performance custom components and

sub-systems, delivering specialist technical

consultancy services.

Our services reduce technical and commercial

risk, and improve the performance and

competitiveness of products, systems and

engineering infrastructure assets.

We deliver industry-leading technology

solutions to government departments and

global companies across communications,

aerospace, defence, manufacturing, process,

transport, electronics, medical and energy

industry sectors.

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