T8, T5 & T5HO LAMP & BALLASTADVANCEMENTS

PRESENTED BY

STEVE GLICKAEM & SUN ENERGY SOLUTIONS

T8, T5 & T5HO LAMP & BALLASTADVANCEMENTS

PRESENTED BY

STEVE GLICKAEM & SUN ENERGY SOLUTIONS

MOSTLY BASED ON• WATT’S THE WORD ON T8s

RETROFITS?– Published in Energy User News, April 2003– Some information updated since publication– Written by Stan Walerczyk of Sun Energy

Solutions

ALL F32T8s NOT CREATED EQUALLY

• 2800 – 3100+ initial lumens• 15,000 – 24,000 hour rated life

– Based on 3 hour cycles with instant start ballasts

• 75 – 98 CRI (color rendition index)• Also 28 & 30W energy savers

SUCH A DIFFERENCE• The difference is so dramatic that with

optimal electronic ballasts, described later, that many fixtures with basic grade F32T8s and generic ballasts can be cost effectively retrofitted or replaced with high performance F32T8s.

SUCH A DIFFERENCE• With high performance F32T8s and optimal

electronic ballasts the savings are so significant that:– There is no reason to keep T12 lamps and

magnetic ballasts.– Often cost effective to retrofit fixtures that

currently have basic grade T8s and generic ballasts.

Types of F32T8s• There are numerous types of F32T8s.

• Useful narrowed-down categories are:– Basic grade -- SP/700

– 28-30W energy saving

– 2950-3000 lumen extended-life -- SPX/800

– 3100+ lumen extended-life -- SPX/800

Lamp Life Issue With All Types• T8s that can be operated with rapid start ballasts are usually

tested with them.• 90% of electronic ballasts are instant start because of cost and

efficacy.• Many lamps have about 25% less rated life with instant start

ballasts.– 20,000 hour rated lamp really lasts 15,000 hours– 24,000 hour rated lamp really lasts 18,000 hours

• Some lamps do not suffer as much reduced hours with instant start ballasts.– Some same listing as in catalogs

• Industry standard is 3 hour cycles.

Basic Grade – 700 Series• 2800 – 2850 lumens• 88 – 92% EOL lumen maintenance• Most 15,000 hour rating with IS ballasts• 75 – 78 CRI• Least expensive• Highest volume • Worst value• Never recommend them

28-30W Energy Saving• All three manufacturers make 30W F32T8s.• GE and Sylvania also have 28W versions.• All of these save considerable energy and having about the

same performance as basic grade SP/700 series 32W F32T8s.• But there are some limitations.

– Lamp life because mainly instant start ballasts• 15,000 hour rating with standard & 20,00 hour rating with extended life versions

based on industry standard 3 hour cycles• Check footnotes in lamp catalogs for cycle lengths

– Minimum 60 degrees F operating temperature– Cannot be used with dimming and many rapid start ballasts

28-30W Energy Saving• When there are unheated areas and/or conference rooms

with dimming ballasts, I always ask a customer if okay to have two types of F32T8s in the facility.– Guess what the answer is!

• For some applications the extended-life versions of these lamps can be good for relamping.– The energy savings over the life of the lamp covers the parts and

labor cost.• I usually find that a retrofit, re-retrofit or relighting with high-

lumen extended-life 32W F32T8s a better solution.

2950 – 3000 Lumen 800 Series• These used to be my favorite lamps

before the 3100+ lumen lamps came out.

• Now hardly use these anymore.

3100+ Lumen 800 Series• Favorite lamp type• Provides most flexibility with regard to:

– Delamping– Ballast factor– Lamp life– CRI – Instant, rapid & program start and dimming ballasts– Temperature

• Include in alpha order– GE HL – Philips Advantage – Sylvania XPS (but only 15,000 hour rated life with instant start ballasts)

3 HR 12 HR 3 HR 12 HR 3 HR 12 HR BASIC GRADE 32 15,000 20,000 20,000 24,000 20,000 24,000GE HL 32 24,000 30,000 24,000 30,000 30,000 36,000PHILIPS ADV 32 24,000 30,000 30,000 36,000 30,000 36,000SYLVANIA XPS 32 15,000 24,000 20,000 28,000 30,000 34,000SYLVANIA XP 32 18,000 26,000 24,000 30,000 24,000 30,000GE WM 30 15,000 20,000 NA NA NA NAGE XL WM 30 20,000 25,000 NA NA NA NAPHILIPS ADV EW 30 15,000 20,000 NA NA NA NASYLVANIA SS 30 18,000 26,000 NA NA 24,000 TBDSLVANIA FO28 28 18,000 TBD NA NA 24,000 TBDGE F28 28 18,000 24,000 NA NA NA NAF34T12 & mag ballast 34 NA NA 20,000 27,000+ NA NA

LAMP LIFE HOURS WITH VARIOUS BALLASTS & CYCLES

HIGH PERFORMANCE F32T8 LAMP LIFE

INSTANT START RAPID START PROGRAM STARTLAMP WATTS

Program start ballasts include f ixed output and most dimming ballasts.All ballasts are electronic.Even though listed as NA (not applicable) some rapid start & program start ballasts can operate some 28-30W lamps.

notesRated hours provided by lamp manufacturers betw een 12/13/02 and 7/17/03.Lamp manufacturers may alter rated lamp life specif ications, so get updates from manufacturers.Please be aw are that some manufacturers are more conservative than others on some products.Sylvania lamp life w ith program start ballast is based on Sylvania PSX ballast, and may be less w ith other ballasts.

Based on previous table, if you do not select the proper T8 lamps and electronic ballasts, you can have shorter lamp life than what you had with T12s and magnetic ballasts

Barriers• Public agencies in some states have

state contracts that mandate purchases of basic grade, 700 series lamps.

• Corporate policies and specifications are sometimes mandatory and are often not kept up to date.

8’ F96T8s• In the past avoided 8’ T8s like the plague

– 15,000 hour rated life– 5800 initial lumens

• But recent improvements have changed that– 18,000 – 24,000 hour rating– 5900 – 6200 initial lumens

4' lamp type lumens lamp W ballast lamp life EOL LM EOL LPW

F54T5HO 5000 54 PS 20,000 94% 80 (appr)

F28T5 2900 28 PS 20,000 94% 88 (appr)

F32T8 8XX UNIV. 3100 32 EE IS 24,000 92% 91 (appr)

Lamp life is rated in hours based on 3 hour starts, the industry standard.PS stands for program start. EE IS stands for extra efficient instant start.

Based on photopic (lamp catalog) lumens.

WHICH LAMP REALLY HAS BEST EFFICACY?

NotesBased on one lamp sharing a two lamp ballast.EOL stands for end of rated life.LM stands for lumen maintenance. LPW stands for lumens per watt.

Lamp life is based on specified ballast.

Lamp & Ballast Performance• The previous table is one example showing that just

looking at lamp lumens and wattage is flawed.– So often customers think that they want to retrofit with F28T5s

because over 100 lumens/watt,which looks better than F32T8s.• Ballast part of the system needs to be included

– Mainly 1.0 BF program start ballasts for T5s & T5HOs (without PS ballasts, only 16,000 hours)

– Many ballast types for T8s

Each lamp type has its place• Each of these lamp types is best for

specific applications– T5s – limited, like small undercabinet– T5HOs – very high hibays and high performance

suspended indirects– T8s – wide open market

• Really one grade of T5s and T5HOs

Ballast Factors for T8 Ballasts• Low Power ballasts (.71 to .78 BF): Consider for lamp for lamp

retrofits• Standard power ballasts (.87 to .90 BF): Typically ones in new

fixtures• Reference and High Power ballasts (1.00 to 1.20 BF) are often

good for delamping retrofits• Initial lamp lumens in lamp catalogs are based on a 1.0 BF (ballast

factor) reference ballast• 1.0 BF can also be attained a three lamp standard output ballast

driving two lamps

Advantages of New Generation Ballasts• Many manufacturers have low and standard power instant

start ballasts that consume about 3 to 6 less watts than generic low and standard BF ballasts usually without sacrificing light output.– Instant start

• Advance Optanium

• GE Ultramax (better than Ultras)– Only one with low, standard and high BF

• Howard Hex

• Universal ULTim8

• Sylvania will be introducing theirs soon

Advantages of New Generation Ballasts

– Program start (Usually less light but longer lamp life)• Advance Optanium

• Sylvania PSX

Advantages of New Generation Ballasts• Electrical savings over the ballast life

dwarfs the extra initial cost.• This is described in detail in ‘Penny

Wise and Dollar Foolish’ published in LD+A and also available on Sun’s website listed later.

lamp & catalog EOL CRI ballast EOL # EOL EOL lumens system wattage savings EOLballast lamp lumen ma- factor lamp of lumens compared to wattage compared to lumenstype lumens intenance lumens lamps basic & standard basic & standard per watt

1 1840 82% 44 -47% 422 3680 82% 72 -24% 513 5520 82% 116 -33% 484 7360 82% 142 -24% 511 2257 100% 30 0% 752 4514 100% 58 0% 783 6771 100% 87 0% 784 9028 100% 114 0% 791 2481 110% 28 9% 892 4962 110% 53 9% 943 7443 110% 80 9% 934 9924 110% 107 9% 931 2196 97% 25 17% 882 4392 97% 48 17% 923 6588 97% 72 16% 924 8784 97% 96 15% 921 2025 90% 25 17% 812 4050 90% 46 21% 883 6075 90% 71 18% 864 8100 90% 91 20% 891 2281 101% 27 10% 852 4562 101% 52 10% 883 6843 101% 77 10% 894 9124 101% 103 9% 901 1862 83% 24 20% 782 3722 83% 43 26% 873 5583 83% 67 23% 834 7444 83% 86 25% 871 1948 86% 22 23% 892 3896 86% 44 26% 893 5844 86% 65 25% 904 7792 86% 86 22% 91

Information on the 28W F32T8s is preliminary, and may change

78% 62% 0.89 1840

Many of above numbers are based on composites and extrapolations, so do not be concerned about small differences, like a

System w attages are based n 277V and may be slightly higher for 120V.Lamp life is estimated on 3 hour starts w ith listed ballast.

Option 2 Instant Start

& 32W Lamps 3100

LAMP FOR LAMP TABLE (photopic lumens)

Basic 32W T8 & Standard 2850 90% 77% 0.88

F34T12CW & energy saving

magnetic2650

2257

92%

0.71Option 3

Program Start & 32W Lamps

3100 92% 2025

86% 0.77 2196

86%

1862

86% 0.87 2281Option 4

Instant Start & 30W Lamps

2850 92%

0.71Option 5

Program Start & 30W Lamps

92% 82%

It is highly recommended to do your ow n calculations w ith specif ic lamps and ballasts.

dif ference of one or tw o in EOL lumens/w att.

82% 0.77 1948

notes:EOL stands for end of life

Basic and Standard has typical basic 700 series F32T8 lamps and generic standard-pow er electronic ballast.All options have F32T8 lamps and optimal f ixed output electronic ballasts. The higher CRI of the options can help offset the less EOL lumens.

86% 0.87 2481

Option 6 Instant Start

& 28W Lamps2750 92%

Option 1 Instant Start

& 32W Lamps3100 92%

2850

Out of Time, but so much more• Please look over additional

slides at your convenience• I think that you will find them

helpful

For Further Info• If you would like information on other subjects, not

included in any of my slides, including:– Dimming electronically ballasts for high wattage HID– Scotopically enhanced lighting

• How extra wattage can be saved with high Kelvin temperature lamps

– Hibay applications– And anything else on energy efficient and effective

lighting

For Further Info• Please contact me at later today or at

– 413-298-3400

– sglick@appliedenergy.com

• Also several downloadable articles available at– www.sunenergysolutionsllc.com

Dimming Ballast Applications• Compare with cost of changing out reflectors in

the case of parabolics in overlit spaces

• In areas where building management is important for control and monitoring (load shed, for example)

• Daylight harvesting and peak load shedding are difficult to be cost effective without substantial incentives.

Types of Electronic Dimming Ballasts• Continuous and staged dimming ballasts.

• Localized manual controls or networked control systems

• Control Protocols:– DALI– 0-10 volts– Proprietary

• Lutron, Easylite, etc.– Check compatibility with BMS, if one exists

More on DALI• DALI is digital addressable lighting interface• Universal protocal

– So hopefully pricing will come down• Two way communication

– Maintenance• Dim many ways

– Through Internet Explorer in individual offices• For T8s and T5HOs, like many other dimming

ballasts

Dimming Ballast Example• Existing

– Office space with fixtures spaced 8’ x 10’– 18 cell parabolic 2x4s, dual switching

• 3 F40T12 CW lamps and magnetic ballasting– 108-118W

• 3 F32T8 735 lamps and electronic ballasting– 78-88W

• 3 28-30W F32T8 35K lamps and extra-efficient low BF ballasts – 61-68W

• Retrofit with:– Electronic dimming ballast– 3 F32T8 850 lamps

Dimming Ballast Example• Installation Benefits of using dimming:

– No socket rewiring – No reflectors or additional hardware

• End Customer Benefits: – Energy Savings: Dim to 50%, consumes 40-45 watts

• Substantial energy savings (61W best with fixed)• Often cost effective

– Lamp brightness is lower, reducing glare– Continuous dimming

Efficacy Includes More Than Just Lamps & Ballasts• Although the 28W F32T8s with extra-efficient

ballasts will have the best lumens/watt in the T8 world, there is more to the big picture.

• Need to consider heat and photometrics in the fixture.

• For example 2x4 lensed troffer– 4 28-30W F32T8s & Low BF extra-efficient ballast– 2 32W 3100 lumen F32T8s & 1.15 BF ballast

How Useful Are Reflectors?

7 Step Program of Reflector Anonymous• Example: 2x4 troffer, 4 old 34W F40T12 CW lamps, 2 magnetic ballasts,

dirty housing and prismatic lens1. Measure light levels directly below and 4’ around fixture at about 30”

above floor2. Clean housing & lens and install new 34W F40T12 lamps3. Measure light levels exactly as before, which should increase 20-40%

depending how dirty the fixture was and how depreciated the lamps were4. Install 2 32W F32T8s and standard BF electronic ballast5. Measure light levels, which usually like original6. Install white or specular reflector7. Measure light light levels. How compare to #5

7 Step Program of Reflector Anonymous• If fixture has angled interior sides and cleanable good

white coating that has about 85% reflectivity, a reflector typically provides insubstantial benefit, like 5 to 10%

• If fixture has vertical sides and/or bad white coating, then a reflector can be very beneficial

• Reflectors also helpful making strips into hooded industrial if up light is not important

• Reflectors also useful retrofitting U-bend 2x2s with T17T8s

Reflectors• Delamping without a reflector improves luminaire

efficiency.– Reduce light bouncing into adjacent lamps

• Check luminaire manufacturers’ luminaire efficiencies for same fixtures with 4, 3 and 2 F40T12s or F32T8s

– Improve lamp/ballast temperature coefficient

• Important to maintain proper cut-off angles.– Do not delamp and reposition lamps in 18 cell parabolic troffers

• GLARE, GLARE, GLARE

CUT OFF ANGLES

CutOff

Angle

CutOff

Angle

CutOff

Angle

CutOff

Angle

OPTIMAL LAMPS AND BALLASTS CAN OFTEN MAKE REPLACING TROFFERS WITH SUSPENDED INDIRECTS COST EFFECTIVE

Where Would You Rather Work?

70 fc 40 fc