Survey of Industrial & Commercial Waste Generated in Wales … · Wales Industrial and Commercial...

Survey of Industrial & Commercial Waste Generated in Wales 2012 Technical Appendices Rev No FINAL

Published by: Natural Resources Wales Cambria House 29 Newport Road Cardiff CF24 0TP 0300 065 3000 (Mon-Fri, 8am - 6pm) [email protected] www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk © Natural Resources Wales All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior permission of Natural Resources Wales

Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page i Contents www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk

Contents

Appendix 1 Detailed Results ................................................................................................ 1 Appendix 2 Sample frame design and size calculations .................................................... 24 Appendix 3 Survey delivery and quality assurance detail .................................................. 30

Appendix 4 Survey questionnaire ...................................................................................... 36 Appendix 5 Sectors surveyed ............................................................................................ 38

Appendix 6 Waste descriptions .......................................................................................... 41 Appendix 7 Waste Management Methods ......................................................................... 44 Appendix 8 Standard Container Types .............................................................................. 45 Appendix 9 Conversion factors .......................................................................................... 46

Appendix 10 Standard items .............................................................................................. 49 Appendix 11 Lessons learned ............................................................................................ 50

Appendix 12 Data Grossing Methodology.......................................................................... 51 Appendix 13 Glossary and abbreviations........................................................................... 59

Tables

Table 1: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector ........................ 2

Table 2: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Industrial Sector ...................................................................................... 3 Table 3: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Commercial Sector ................................................................................. 4 Table 4: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Industrial Sector ...................................................................... 5 Table 5: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Commercial Sector .................................................................. 6

Table 6: Industrial and Commercial waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Business Size (employee number) .............................................................................................................. 7 Table 7: Industrial & Commercial waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Methods and Business Size (employee) .. 8 Table 8: Waste Generated (including non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector ...................... 10 Table 9: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Method and Business Size (employee) ........................................ 11

Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page ii Contents www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk

Table 10: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type and Waste Management Method .............................................................. 13 Table 11: Waste type generated by region in Wales, in thousand tonnes (excluding non- wastes) 14 Table 12: Waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding and including non-wastes), by Waste Management Methods by Region in Wales, in thousands of tonnes ................................. 15 Table 13: Waste Types generated by sector for North Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes ........................................................................................ 17 Table 14: Waste Types generated by Sector for South East Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes .................................................................. 18

Table 15: Waste Types generated by Sector for South West Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes .................................................................. 19 Table 16: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in North Wales (excluding non-wastes) ............................................ 20

Table 17: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South East Wales (excluding non-wastes) .................................... 21

Table 18: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South West Wales (excluding non-wastes) ................................... 22 Table 19: Hazardous Waste generated in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Waste type and management method (excluding non-wastes) .................................................... 23

Table 20: Sectors used to stratify the I&C sample frame ................................................... 24

Table 21: Size bands used to stratify the I&C sample frame ............................................. 25 Table 22: ONS population of business units (March 2012 figures) .................................... 26

Table 23: I&C sample frame: percentage of business units to be sampled in each brick .. 29 Table 24: Bricks where no businesses could be surveyed ................................................. 53 Table 25: Statistically significant difference t-test results ................................................... 55

Figures

Figure 1 Example of an outlier check using STATA .................................................... 35

Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 1 Appendix 1 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk

Appendix 1 Detailed Results 1. National Waste Generated


Table 1: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector Type

Sector

Employee Sizebands Total

1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

I Food products, beverages and tobacco 0.48 1.37 2.77 0.97 20.09 51.10 118.28 259.34 454.40

I Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 8.11 8.11

I Wood and wood products 61.95 61.95

I Paper and paper products 1.46 0.77 0.62 4.60 26.05 32.17 34.50 5.16 105.33

I Coke and petroleum products 24.43 24.43

I Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products 0.48 2.24 0.97 7.94 16.96 66.96 23.76 4.54 123.85

I Other non-metallic mineral products 43.18 43.18

I Basic metals and metal products 14.76 0.61 1.22 8.76 39.76 9.34 46.26 280.27 400.99

I Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors 0.45 0.17 0.69 2.74 3.25 7.41 10.46 68.19 93.36

I Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation 14.64 4.04 0.62 0.80 6.51 3.99 21.19 13.17 64.97

I Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 0.18 0.04 0.03 1.93 6.88 0.34 33.32 570.27 612.97

I Water collection, treatment and supply 0.15 0.03 6.54 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.22 0.00 7.36

Industrial sub total 40.77 15.43 19.74 33.11 129.79 184.32 350.32 1227.42 2000.91

C Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles 123.79 44.51 95.55 105.01 254.90 62.21 127.22 46.23 859.42

C Transportation and storage 14.29 2.02 0.98 3.45 13.72 5.49 28.33 2.36 70.63

C Accommodation and food service activities 37.41 40.98 34.64 45.31 56.13 18.53 7.16 4.53 244.69

C Information and communication 3.02 0.52 2.37 1.48 0.15 0.59 4.18 1.27 13.58

C Financial and insurance activities 1.08 1.02 2.25 2.69 1.43 0.99 0.32 4.12 13.89

C Real estate activities 1.10 0.86 5.47 0.91 0.57 0.91 0.26 2.16 12.24

C Professional, scientific and technical activities 17.84 3.88 3.48 35.34 3.41 5.13 2.78 2.34 74.20

C Administrative and support service activities 2.90 2.53 1.98 27.36 5.84 0.95 10.57 1.48 53.62

C Public admin and defence, compulsory social security 0.01 2.25 5.33 0.77 7.61 3.54 8.17 16.33 44.00

C Education 1.01 0.97 3.88 4.30 23.38 12.55 24.74 30.36 101.20

C Human health and social work activities 2.07 5.45 11.10 8.99 10.43 21.11 32.61 32.45 124.21

C Arts, entertainment and recreation 0.72 1.36 9.79 8.68 9.17 4.27 3.20 3.82 41.02

C Other services 1.40 2.02 2.53 2.96 1.31 0.93 0.70 0.76 12.60

Commercial sub total 206.61 108.39 179.34 247.25 388.06 137.20 250.26 148.20 1665.31

Grand Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.52 556.51 1419.69 3666.22

Notes: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above.


Table 2: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Industrial Sector

Waste Type

Food products, beverage

s and tobacco

Textiles, wearing apparel, leather

Wood and wood

products

Paper and paper

products

Coke and petroleum products

Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products

Other non-

metallic mineral

products

Basic metals

and metal products

Computer, electrical

equipment, machinery and motors

Furniture, Other

manufacturing, Repair and installation

Electricity, gas, steam

and air conditioning

supply

Water collection, treatment

and supply

Total

Chemical Wastes

0.55 0.05 3.57 3.02 18.77 70.96 5.68 32.03 11.63 0.63 3.75 0.07 150.71

Health care and biological wastes

6.97 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 3.13 0.00 10.39

Metallic wastes 8.81 0.06 7.17 1.33 1.18 2.66 8.54 193.38 34.66 7.34 1.66 0.01 266.80

Non- metallic Wastes

26.11 5.50 37.24 65.01 0.08 27.72 13.27 38.94 25.79 42.36 0.30 0.12 282.44

Discarded Equipment

0.08 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.20 0.12 0.40 1.50 0.23 0.14 0.00 2.75

Animal Wastes 310.80 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.11 0.14 0.02 0.88 0.02 312.15

Mixed Wastes 18.28 2.49 4.24 9.87 1.57 16.40 6.77 16.44 17.27 14.06 2.74 0.74 110.87

Common sludge’s (excluding dredging spoils)

81.77 0.00 0.00 25.58 2.25 0.09 1.89 3.90 1.12 0.01 0.01 6.32 122.94

Mineral Wastes 1.04 0.00 9.70 0.45 0.57 5.48 6.89 115.40 1.23 0.28 600.37 0.09 741.50

Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40

Total 454.40 8.11 61.95 105.33 24.44 123.85 43.18 400.99 93.36 64.97 612.97 7.36 2000.91

Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; levels of precision vary within the table above


Table 3: Waste generated (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Commercial Sector

Waste Type

Wh

ole

sale

an

d r

eta

il t

rad

e;

rep

air

of

mo

tor

veh

icle

s

Tra

ns

po

rtati

on

an

d s

tora

ge

Acco

mm

od

ati

on

an

d f

oo

d

serv

ice a

cti

vit

ies

Info

rmati

on

an

d c

om

mu

nic

ati

on

Fin

an

cia

l an

d in

su

ran

ce

acti

vit

ies

Real

esta

te a

cti

vit

ies

Pro

fessio

nal, s

cie

nti

fic a

nd

tech

nic

al

acti

vit

ies

Ad

min

istr

ati

ve a

nd

su

pp

ort

serv

ice a

cti

vit

ies

Pu

bli

c a

dm

in a

nd

de

fen

ce,

co

mp

uls

ory

so

cia

l secu

rity

Ed

uc

ati

on

Hu

man

he

alt

h a

nd

so

cia

l w

ork

acti

vit

ies

Art

s,

en

tert

ain

men

t an

d

recre

ati

on

Oth

er

serv

ices

To

tal

Chemical Wastes 6.36 2.36 0.77 0.00 0.08 0.00 6.44 0.02 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.08 0.00 16.35

Health care and biological wastes 1.30 0.01 1.97 0.04 0.07 0.04 1.00 0.09 0.18 0.74 30.11 0.51 0.10 36.16

Metallic wastes 14.56 3.54 1.19 0.03 0.16 0.09 15.44 0.87 2.66 0.60 0.44 0.43 0.03 40.04

Non- metallic Wastes 539.42 12.92 89.65 5.62 7.00 1.73 13.48 33.70 7.07 20.07 19.70 10.74 3.33 764.43

Discarded Equipment 16.72 7.80 0.10 1.13 0.27 0.16 0.48 0.12 1.59 0.53 0.56 1.62 0.25 31.33

Animal Wastes 15.18 0.01 19.86 0.06 0.05 2.13 2.29 1.38 5.19 4.72 2.95 1.27 0.17 55.26

Mixed Wastes 260.44 43.23 123.30 6.71 6.28 7.82 34.49 17.30 25.37 72.21 70.44 25.33 8.68 701.60

Common sludges (excluding dredging spoils)

0.06 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.05 1.33

Mineral Wastes 5.39 0.42 7.86 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.59 0.14 1.91 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.71

Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials

0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19

Total 859.42 70.63 244.69 13.58 13.90 12.24 74.20 53.62 44.00 101.20 124.21 41.02 12.61 1665.32



Table 4: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Industrial Sector

Industrial Sector Preparation for Re-use

Recycling Composting Landfill Land

recovery

Thermal Treatment

with Energy

Recovery

Thermal Treatment

without Energy

Recovery

Treatment plant

Transfer station

Other Don't know

Total

Food products, beverages and tobacco 164.97 40.86 8.04 13.28 137.23 2.04 44.14 32.79 0.00 8.63 2.43 454.41

Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 0.50 5.06 0.00 2.23 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 8.11

Wood and wood products 28.91 3.87 0.00 7.66 0.00 1.94 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 19.55 61.96

Paper and paper products 16.88 53.02 0.00 5.51 25.56 2.43 0.20 0.38 0.00 0.00 1.35 105.33

Coke and petroleum products 0.03 4.68 0.00 1.01 0.00 0.00 3.49 15.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.43

Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products

3.24 32.52 0.00 16.50 0.01 30.04 3.37 35.93 0.01 0.55 1.68 123.85

Other non-metallic mineral products 3.22 19.83 0.00 10.31 0.10 0.03 0.38 5.42 0.04 0.04 3.82 43.19

Basic metals and metal products 125.66 229.99 0.01 25.05 2.36 1.28 0.91 12.13 0.03 0.00 3.57 400.99

Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors

5.00 65.09 0.13 10.48 0.00 2.15 1.61 4.36 0.01 0.00 4.54 93.37

Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation

3.90 38.70 0.00 8.56 0.00 2.62 11.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.11 64.95

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

138.59 2.70 0.06 433.17 30.31 0.02 0.11 7.09 0.01 0.82 0.07 612.95

Water collection, treatment and supply 6.32 0.31 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 7.35

Total 497.22 496.63 8.24 534.39 195.57 42.63 65.23 113.40 0.10 10.05 37.44 2000.90



Table 5: Waste generated (excluding non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management and Commercial Sector

Commercial Sector Preparation for Re-use

Recycling Composting Landfill Land

recovery

Thermal Treatment

with Energy

Recovery

Thermal Treatment

without Energy

Recovery

Treatment plant

Transfer station

Other Don't know

Total

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles

14.91 664.88 10.49 138.81 0.00 12.77 1.27 1.53 0.01 0.12 14.62 859.41

Transportation and storage 1.04 49.19 0.19 15.71 0.00 0.03 0.06 0.41 0.00 0.47 3.54 70.64

Accommodation and food service activities

4.48 124.97 6.52 87.58 0.46 0.26 1.52 1.58 0.00 0.01 17.31 244.69

Information and communication 0.03 8.29 0.06 3.03 0.00 0.03 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.03 13.57

Financial and insurance activities 0.66 7.69 0.00 4.87 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00 13.90

Real estate activities 0.03 2.71 1.74 6.14 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.58 12.24

Professional, scientific and technical activities

3.92 39.39 0.65 22.58 0.00 0.38 0.71 2.18 0.00 0.50 3.88 74.19

Administrative and support service activities

17.48 21.76 0.39 12.28 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.16 0.07 1.24 53.61

Public admin and defence, compulsory social security

1.07 22.35 0.58 14.86 0.00 0.02 0.13 3.71 0.00 0.00 1.28 44.00

Education 0.17 52.99 3.07 43.71 0.00 0.02 0.26 0.56 0.00 0.03 0.39 101.20

Human health and social work activities

0.58 35.49 1.18 59.85 0.00 6.32 9.00 9.65 0.00 0.38 1.75 124.20

Arts, entertainment and recreation 1.58 21.64 0.27 15.47 0.00 0.03 1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 41.02

Other services 0.35 7.78 0.15 4.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.26 12.60

Total 46.32 1059.14 25.28 428.90 0.46 19.87 14.98 19.62 0.18 2.08 48.50 1665.33



Table 6: Industrial and Commercial waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type (SOC Group) and Business Size (employee number)

Waste Type

Employee Sizeband Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

Chemical Wastes 0.58 0.95 2.33 4.86 12.80 64.01 23.00 58.52 167.05

Health care and biological wastes 1.10 0.60 3.01 1.80 6.22 8.08 3.98 21.75 46.53

Metallic wastes 17.75 4.75 3.47 24.26 9.29 15.50 41.47 190.35 306.83

Non Metallic Wastes 113.94 47.38 84.17 141.73 324.99 79.94 149.32 105.40 1046.85

Discarded Equipment 0.93 7.67 7.56 1.42 10.47 1.26 2.08 2.68 34.07

Animal Waste 4.39 2.34 5.94 5.71 26.77 42.26 66.75 213.21 367.37

Mixed Wastes 105.99 56.95 83.38 88.67 121.42 77.23 177.88 100.95 812.47

Common sludge’s (excluding dredging spoils)

0.00 0.39 7.67 1.06 0.45 26.07 52.08 36.54 124.26

Mineral Wastes 2.71 2.79 1.56 10.86 5.43 7.01 39.56 690.29 760.21

Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.40 0.00 0.59

Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.53 556.51 1419.69 3666.22



Table 7: Industrial & Commercial waste generated (excluding non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Methods and Business Size (employee)

Type

Waste Management Type

Employee Size Bands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

I Preparation for re-use on site 0.00 0.08 0.10 1.04 3.49 0.21 1.03 61.07 67.02

I Preparation for re-use off site 1.92 5.82 3.92 0.59 17.94 1.12 22.45 367.41 421.18

I Other preparation for re-use 0.00 0.00 6.32 0.00 0.13 0.13 1.19 1.26 9.03

I Recycling 31.61 5.76 4.59 22.01 65.42 40.75 107.78 218.71 496.63

I Windrow composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 5.06

I In-Vessel Composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.61 0.76

I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.27 2.28

I Other composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.14

I Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 62.28 85.26 48.03 195.57

I Incineration with energy recovery 0.39 0.39 1.05 0.73 1.35 26.51 7.87 4.33 42.63

I Incineration without energy recovery 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.29 3.79 23.64 34.35 65.23

I Land disposal 5.25 3.35 2.57 7.57 18.91 11.89 21.69 463.15 534.39

I Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.49 11.90 6.21 17.80 42.40

I Treated - biological 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 10.89 0.00 1.27 17.21

I Separation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 7.95 4.56 1.50 14.99

I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 4.60 4.67

I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

I Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.49 15.28 27.77

I Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.49 0.44 5.19 6.35

I Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.10

I Other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.40 0.55 9.05 0.03 10.05

I Don't Know 1.47 0.02 1.13 1.08 1.06 5.77 2.37 24.54 37.44

Industrial Sub total 40.77 15.43 19.74 33.11 129.79 184.32 306.26 1271.48 2000.91


Type


Employee Size Bands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

C Preparation for re-use on site 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.13 0.02 0.18 0.81 0.00 1.24

C Preparation for re-use off site 2.62 1.02 5.09 18.42 4.32 4.05 5.40 1.73 42.65

C Other preparation for re-use 0.52 0.74 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.46 0.10 0.00 2.42

C Recycling 104.49 74.72 113.28 150.10 293.66 82.29 166.68 73.93 1059.14

C Windrow composting 0.18 0.00 0.33 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.05 0.02 1.12

C In-Vessel Composting 0.92 0.01 1.01 0.46 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.33 5.07

C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.29 2.09 3.41 6.40

C Other composting 0.10 0.84 1.03 2.87 2.68 1.43 1.63 2.11 12.68

C Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46

C Incineration with energy recovery 0.00 0.15 0.07 0.33 0.04 0.39 5.50 13.39 19.87

C Incineration without energy recovery 1.10 0.06 1.82 2.67 1.43 5.31 0.98 1.62 14.98

C Land disposal 89.10 28.16 48.92 57.54 68.93 36.76 61.32 38.17 428.90

C Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 1.87

C Treated - biological 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.34

C Separation 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.24 0.51 0.41 0.51 0.07 3.18

C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16

C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01

C Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

C Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.11 0.30 1.14 1.11 10.88 14.04

C Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.18

C Other 0.00 0.47 0.91 0.49 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.06 2.08

C Don't Know 7.58 1.57 4.83 11.77 13.89 3.25 3.21 2.41 48.50

Commercial Sub total 206.61 108.39 179.34 247.25 388.06 137.20 250.26 148.20 1665.31

Total 247.38 123.82 199.08 280.36 517.85 321.52 556.51 1419.69 3666.22



Table 8: Waste Generated (including non-wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Business Sizeband (employees) and Industrial and Commercial Sector

Type

Sector

Employee Sizebands Total 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

I Food products, beverages and tobacco 0.48 1.37 2.77 0.97 20.09 51.10 118.28 259.34 454.40

I Textiles, wearing apparel, leather 8.11 8.11

I Wood and wood products 73.06 73.06

I Paper and paper products 1.46 0.77 0.62 4.60 26.05 32.17 34.50 5.16 105.33

I Coke and petroleum products 24.43 24.43

I Chemicals, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastic products 0.48 2.24 0.97 7.94 17.11 66.96 23.76 4.54 123.99

I Other non-metallic mineral products 43.18 43.18

I Basic metals and metal products 14.76 0.61 1.22 8.76 40.24 9.35 55.76 2349.07 2479.78

I Computer, electrical equipment, machinery and motors 0.45 0.17 0.69 2.74 3.25 7.41 10.46 68.19 93.36

I Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation 14.64 4.09 0.62 0.80 6.51 3.99 21.19 13.17 65.02

I Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 39.87 0.04 0.03 1.93 6.88 0.34 33.32 570.27 652.66

I Water collection, treatment and supply 0.15 0.03 6.54 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.22 0.00 7.36

Industrial sub total 82.43 15.48 19.74 33.11 135.68 188.11 359.92 3296.22 4130.70

C Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles 124.20 44.51 96.13 105.01 254.93 62.31 128.87 46.23 862.19

C Transportation and storage 14.29 2.02 0.98 3.64 14.43 5.49 28.33 2.36 71.53

C Accommodation and food service activities 37.41 40.98 34.64 45.31 56.13 18.53 7.16 4.53 244.69

C Information and communication 3.02 0.52 2.37 1.48 0.15 0.59 4.18 1.27 13.58

C Financial and insurance activities 1.08 1.02 2.25 2.69 1.43 0.99 0.32 4.12 13.90

C Real estate activities 1.10 0.86 5.47 0.91 0.57 0.91 0.26 2.16 12.24

C Professional, scientific and technical activities 17.84 4.38 3.48 35.34 3.41 5.13 2.78 2.34 74.70

C Administrative and support service activities 2.90 2.53 2.01 27.36 5.84 0.95 10.57 1.48 53.64

C Public admin and defence, compulsory social security 0.01 2.25 5.33 0.77 7.61 3.54 8.17 16.33 44.00

C Education 1.01 0.97 3.88 4.30 23.38 12.55 24.74 30.36 101.20

C Human health and social work activities 2.07 5.45 11.10 8.99 10.43 21.11 32.61 32.45 124.21

C Arts, entertainment and recreation 0.72 1.39 9.79 8.68 9.17 4.27 3.20 3.82 41.05

C Other services 1.40 2.02 2.53 2.96 1.31 0.93 0.70 0.76 12.60

Commercial sub total 207.02 108.92 179.95 247.44 388.80 137.30 251.90 148.20 1669.54

Grand Total 289.45 124.40 199.70 280.55 524.49 325.41 567.76 3488.49 5800.24

Notes: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above


Table 9: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Management Method and Business Size (employee)

Type



I Preparation for re-use on site 1.97 0.13 0.10 1.04 6.40 1.00 1.65 649.55 661.85

I Preparation for re-use off site 2.27 5.82 3.92 0.59 18.43 1.12 31.32 1847.72 1911.20

I Other preparation for re-use 0.00 0.00 6.32 0.00 0.13 0.13 1.21 1.26 9.05

I Recycling 31.61 5.76 4.59 22.01 67.92 43.75 107.78 218.71 502.13

I Windrow composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 5.06

I In-Vessel Composting 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.61 0.76

I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.27 2.28

I Other composting 35.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.06 35.91

I Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 62.28 85.26 48.03 195.57

I Incineration with energy recovery 3.96 0.39 1.05 0.73 1.35 26.51 7.95 4.33 46.28

I Incineration without energy recovery 0.12 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.29 3.79 23.64 34.35 65.23

I Land disposal 5.25 3.35 2.57 7.57 18.91 11.89 21.69 463.15 534.39

I Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.49 11.90 6.21 17.80 42.40

I Treated - biological 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 10.89 0.00 1.27 17.21

I Separation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 7.95 4.56 1.50 14.99

I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 4.60 4.67

I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

I Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.49 15.28 27.77

I Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.49 0.44 5.19 6.35

I Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.10

I Other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.40 0.55 9.05 0.03 10.05

I Don't Know 1.47 0.02 1.13 1.08 1.06 5.77 2.37 24.54 37.44

Industrial Sub total 82.43 15.48 19.74 33.11 135.68 188.11 315.86 3340.28 4130.70


Type



C Preparation for re-use on site 0.41 0.54 0.27 0.31 0.76 0.28 2.46 0.00 5.04

C Preparation for re-use off site 2.62 1.02 5.52 18.42 4.32 4.05 5.40 1.73 43.08

C Other preparation for re-use 0.52 0.74 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.46 0.10 0.00 2.42

C Recycling 104.49 74.72 113.28 150.10 293.66 82.29 166.68 73.93 1059.14

C Windrow composting 0.18 0.00 0.33 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.05 0.02 1.12

C In-Vessel Composting 0.92 0.01 1.01 0.46 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.33 5.07

C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.29 2.09 3.41 6.40

C Other composting 0.10 0.84 1.03 2.87 2.68 1.43 1.63 2.11 12.68

C Land recovery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46

C Incineration with energy recovery 0.00 0.15 0.07 0.33 0.04 0.39 5.50 13.39 19.87

C Incineration without energy recovery 1.10 0.06 1.82 2.67 1.43 5.31 0.98 1.62 14.98

C Land disposal 89.10 28.16 48.92 57.54 68.93 36.76 61.32 38.17 428.90

C Treated - physio/chemical 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.83 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 1.87

C Treated - biological 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.34

C Separation 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.24 0.51 0.41 0.51 0.07 3.18

C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16

C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01

C Rendering 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

C Alternative Treatment Technologies 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.11 0.30 1.14 1.11 10.88 14.04

C Transfer Station 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.01 0.00 0.18

C Other 0.00 0.47 0.91 0.49 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.06 2.08

C Don't Know 7.58 1.57 4.83 11.77 13.89 3.25 3.21 2.41 48.50

Commercial Sub total 207.02 108.92 179.95 247.44 388.80 137.30 251.90 148.20 1669.54

Total 289.45 124.40 199.70 280.55 524.49 325.41 567.76 3488.49 5800.24



Table 10: Waste generated (including non- wastes) in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes, by Waste Type and Waste Management Method

Type Waste Type

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r

re-u

se o

n s

ite

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-us

e o

ff s

ite

Oth

er

pre

pa

rati

on

for

re-u

se

Recycli

ng

Win

dro

w

co

mp

os

tin

g

In-V

essel

Co

mp

os

tin

g

An

aero

bic

Dig

esti

on

(A

D)

Oth

er

co

mp

os

tin

g

La

nd

reco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

en

erg

y r

eco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n

wit

ho

ut

en

erg

y

reco

very

La

nd

dis

po

sal

Tre

ate

d -

ph

ysio

/

ch

em

ical

Tre

ate

d -

bio

log

ical

Sep

ara

tio

n

Me

ch

an

ical

Bio

log

ical

Tre

atm

en

t

Au

toc

lave

Ren

de

rin

g

Alt

ern

ati

ve

Tre

atm

en

t

Te

ch

no

log

ies

Tra

ns

fer

Sta

tio

n

Oth

er

Do

n't

Kn

ow

To

tal

I Chemical wastes 2.57 3.41 0.00 13.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 32.18 5.29 9.82 38.95 16.78 13.66 4.67 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.04 0.01 8.57 150.70

I Health Care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 3.44 0.02 3.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.39

I Metallic Wastes 3.43 10.40 0.00 245.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 7.29 266.80

I Non-metallic Wastes 24.02 30.33 0.36 191.14 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 6.39 13.44 8.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.01 0.02 7.85 282.44

I Discarded Equipment 0.02 0.19 0.00 2.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.11 2.74

I Animal & Vegetable Wastes 2.46 157.79 2.35 4.12 5.06 0.74 2.28 0.14 63.61 0.68 40.74 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.01 4.57 0.00 2.57 0.74 312.14

I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 31.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.27 0.09 72.02 0.05 0.00 1.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.59 2.57 110.86

I Common Sludge’s 0.00 1.97 6.32 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 101.55 0.05 2.02 2.52 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 6.86 0.17 122.94

I Mineral Wastes 34.12 217.09 0.00 8.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.41 0.00 0.06 440.66 0.26 0.02 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.14 741.50

I Naturally occurring soil & mineral 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40

Wastes sub-total 67.02 421.18 9.03 496.63 5.06 0.76 2.28 0.14 195.57 42.63 65.23 534.39 42.40 17.21 14.99 4.67 0.00 27.77 6.35 0.10 10.05 37.44 2000.91

I Non-wastes 594.83 1490.02 0.03 5.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.78 0.00 3.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2129.79

Industrial Sub-Total 661.85 1911.20 9.05 502.13 5.06 0.76 2.28 35.91 195.57 46.28 65.23 534.39 42.40 17.21 14.99 4.67 0.00 27.77 6.35 0.10 10.05 37.44 4130.70

C Chemical wastes 0.14 4.03 0.03 6.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.44 0.10 1.87 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.04 1.95 16.35

C Health Care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.42 12.72 5.39 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.01 9.80 0.00 0.83 0.47 36.14

C Metallic Wastes 0.00 0.28 0.02 38.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 1.09 40.03

C Non-metallic Wastes 0.61 27.31 2.03 719.14 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.10 0.65 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 1.00 11.68 764.41

C Discarded Equipment 0.05 4.95 0.02 25.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.87 31.33

C Animal & Vegetable Wastes 0.35 4.84 0.30 6.01 0.94 5.07 6.40 11.58 0.46 0.65 0.03 5.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.66 0.00 0.08 9.32 55.23

C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.01 0.01 0.03 258.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.00 12.33 0.10 413.02 0.00 0.00 2.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.10 0.04 14.67 701.61

C Common Sludge’s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 1.32

C Mineral Wastes 0.09 1.23 0.00 5.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 8.24 18.71

C Naturally occurring soil and mineral materials

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19

Wastes sub-total 1.24 42.65 2.42 1059.14 1.12 5.07 6.40 12.68 0.46 19.87 14.98 428.90 1.87 0.34 3.18 0.16 0.01 0.01 14.04 0.18 2.08 48.50 1665.31

C Non-wastes 3.79 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.22

Commercial Sub-Total 5.04 43.08 2.42 1059.14 1.12 5.07 6.40 12.68 0.46 19.87 14.98 428.90 1.87 0.34 3.18 0.16 0.01 0.01 14.04 0.18 2.08 48.50 1669.54

Total 666.88 1954.28 11.48 1561.27 6.18 5.83 8.69 48.59 196.03 66.15 80.22 963.29 44.28 17.55 18.18 4.84 0.01 27.77 20.39 0.28 12.12 85.93 5800.24



2. Regional Waste Generated Table 11: Waste type generated by region in Wales, in thousand tonnes (excluding non- wastes)

Type Waste Type North South East South West Total

I Chemical wastes 35.65 70.77 44.28 150.70

I Healthcare 5.37 3.56 1.46 10.39

I Metallic wastes 56.35 162.61 47.83 266.80

I Non-metallic wastes 103.96 124.49 53.99 282.44

I Discarded equipment 0.74 1.68 0.32 2.74

I Animal & vegetable wastes 137.03 141.12 33.99 312.14

I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 33.63 50.35 26.87 110.86

I Common sludges 81.15 27.14 14.65 122.94

I Mineral wastes 26.75 660.67 54.50 741.90

Industrial Sub- Total 480.63 1242.39 277.88 2000.91

C Chemical wastes 3.88 8.11 4.36 16.35

C Healthcare 8.03 18.48 9.63 36.14

C Metallic wastes 9.99 19.84 10.21 40.03

C Non-metallic wastes 206.42 334.70 223.29 764.41

C Discarded equipment 8.00 13.89 9.44 31.33

C Animal & vegetable wastes 13.36 26.49 15.38 55.23

C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 179.22 326.37 196.02 701.61

C Common sludges 0.36 0.55 0.41 1.32

C Mineral wastes 5.14 8.39 5.37 18.90

Commercial Sub- Total 434.40 756.81 474.11 1665.31

Total 915.03 1999.20 751.99 3666.22



Table 12: Waste generated in Wales 2012 (excluding and including non-wastes), by Waste Management Methods by Region in Wales, in thousands of tonnes

Type

Waste Management

Wastes (excluding non-wastes) Wastes (including non-wastes)

North South-East South-West Total North South-East South-West Total

I Preparation for re-use on site 25.16 2.50 39.35 67.02 26.81 4.49 630.55 661.85

I Preparation for re-use off site 110.56 272.71 37.91 421.18 164.32 539.66 1207.22 1911.20

I Other preparation for re-use 1.59 4.58 2.86 9.03 1.59 4.61 2.86 9.05

I Recycling 121.18 281.07 94.38 496.63 122.73 282.03 97.36 502.13

I Windrow composting 0.64 0.82 3.60 5.06 0.64 0.82 3.60 5.06

I In-Vessel Composting 0.14 0.55 0.07 0.76 0.14 0.55 0.07 0.76

I Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 1.37 0.80 0.12 2.28 1.37 0.80 0.12 2.28

I Other composting 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.14 12.89 12.20 10.83 35.91

I Land recovery 93.62 82.35 19.61 195.57 93.62 82.35 19.61 195.57

I Incineration with energy recovery 9.06 26.12 7.45 42.63 10.34 27.41 8.53 46.28

I Incineration without energy recovery 16.54 38.04 10.66 65.23 16.54 38.04 10.66 65.23

I Land disposal 28.27 472.25 33.87 534.39 28.27 472.25 33.87 534.39

I Treated - physio/chemical 9.50 15.75 17.15 42.40 9.50 15.75 17.15 42.40

I Treated - biological 5.22 9.88 2.11 17.21 5.22 9.88 2.11 17.21

I Separation 3.20 8.69 3.10 14.99 3.20 8.69 3.10 14.99

I Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.70 3.31 0.67 4.67 0.70 3.31 0.67 4.67

I Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

I Rendering 14.56 11.99 1.22 27.77 14.56 11.99 1.22 27.77

I Mechanical Heat Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

I Alternative Treatment Technologies 4.12 1.88 0.35 6.35 4.12 1.88 0.35 6.35

I Transfer Station 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.10

I Other 7.53 2.11 0.41 10.05 7.53 2.11 0.41 10.05

I Don't Know 27.58 6.90 2.96 37.44 27.58 6.90 2.96 37.44

Industrial sub - total 480.63 1242.39 277.88 2000.91 551.70 1525.75 2053.26 4130.70


Type

Waste Management

Wastes (excluding non-wastes) Wastes (including non-wastes)

North South-East South-West Total North South-East South-West Total

C Preparation for re-use on site 0.34 0.59 0.31 1.24 1.33 1.95 1.75 5.04

C Preparation for re-use off site 10.38 19.44 12.83 42.65 10.51 19.61 12.96 43.08

C Other preparation for re-use 0.64 1.11 0.68 2.42 0.64 1.11 0.68 2.42

C Recycling 279.72 478.58 300.84 1059.14 279.72 478.58 300.84 1059.14

C Windrow composting 0.36 0.46 0.30 1.12 0.36 0.46 0.30 1.12

C In-Vessel Composting 1.33 2.33 1.41 5.07 1.33 2.33 1.41 5.07

C Anaerobic Digestion (AD) 1.19 3.46 1.76 6.40 1.19 3.46 1.76 6.40

C Other composting 2.86 6.18 3.64 12.68 2.86 6.18 3.64 12.68

C Land recovery 0.12 0.21 0.14 0.46 0.12 0.21 0.14 0.46

C Incineration with energy recovery 2.70 11.73 5.43 19.87 2.70 11.73 5.43 19.87

C Incineration without energy recovery 3.89 6.96 4.13 14.98 3.89 6.96 4.13 14.98

C Land disposal 112.62 193.61 122.67 428.90 112.62 193.61 122.67 428.90

C Treated - physio/chemical 0.47 0.98 0.42 1.87 0.47 0.98 0.42 1.87

C Treated - biological 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.34 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.34

C Separation 0.95 1.36 0.87 3.18 0.95 1.36 0.87 3.18

C Mechanical Biological Treatment 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.16 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.16

C Autoclave 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

C Rendering 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01

C Mechanical Heat Treatment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

C Alternative Treatment Technologies 3.02 7.59 3.43 14.04 3.02 7.59 3.43 14.04

C Transfer Station 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.18 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.18

C Other 0.52 0.98 0.58 2.08 0.52 0.98 0.58 2.08

C Don't Know 13.07 20.96 14.47 48.50 13.07 20.96 14.47 48.50

Commercial sub -total 434.40 756.81 474.11 1665.31 435.51 758.34 475.68 1669.54

Total 915.03 1999.20 751.99 3666.22 987.21 2284.09 2528.94 5800.24



Table 13: Waste Types generated by sector for North Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes

Type Sector Chemical Wastes

Health care

Metallic wastes

Non-metallic wastes

Discarded equipment

Animal & vegetable

Mixed (ordinary)

wastes Common sludges

Mineral wastes

Total (excluding

non-wastes) Non-

Waste

Total (including

non-wastes)

I Food products, drinks 0.17 4.45 3.77 10.67 0.05 136.83 7.00 67.54 0.82 231.30 0.00 231.30

I Textiles, wearing apparel 0.01 0.00 0.01 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.76 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 1.92

I Wood and wood products 3.54 0.00 5.88 29.00 0.00 0.01 2.51 0.00 6.93 47.87 3.06 50.93

I Paper and paper products 0.84 0.00 0.38 18.08 0.01 0.02 2.33 10.96 0.19 32.81 0.00 32.81

I Coke and petroleum products 15.04 0.08 0.66 7.60 0.11 0.05 4.37 0.03 1.39 29.33 0.02 29.35

I Chemicals, pharmaceuticals

I Other non-metallic mineral 1.73 0.00 2.33 4.54 0.04 0.00 2.74 0.78 4.67 16.82 0.00 16.82

I Basic metals 7.26 0.00 27.16 9.80 0.10 0.01 2.60 0.63 11.60 59.17 53.74 112.91

I Computer, electrical equip 5.90 0.00 13.60 10.35 0.32 0.05 5.98 0.21 0.25 36.67 0.00 36.67

I Furniture, other manufacture 0.17 0.01 2.14 12.64 0.06 0.00 4.29 0.00 0.06 19.37 0.02 19.38

I Electricity, gas, steam 0.98 0.82 0.41 0.09 0.06 0.05 0.78 0.00 0.77 3.97 14.23 18.20

I Water collection 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.28 1.00 0.06 1.42 0.00 1.42

Industrial sub-total 35.65 5.37 56.35 103.96 0.74 137.03 33.63 81.15 26.75 480.64 71.06 551.70

C Wholesale and retail trade 1.60 0.33 3.54 147.36 4.43 3.42 67.45 0.02 1.45 229.60 0.73 230.33

C Transportation and storage 0.59 0.00 1.04 3.81 1.93 0.00 10.35 0.05 0.19 17.97 0.24 18.20

C Accommodation and food 0.27 0.60 0.36 26.01 0.03 5.68 36.95 0.00 2.32 72.23 0.00 72.23

C Information and comms 0.00 0.01 0.01 1.17 0.25 0.01 1.30 0.00 0.00 2.75 0.00 2.75

C Financial and insurance 0.02 0.01 0.03 1.28 0.06 0.01 0.78 0.00 0.00 2.20 0.00 2.20

C Real estate activities 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.39 0.04 0.11 2.00 0.00 0.00 2.55 0.00 2.55

C Professional, scientific 1.34 0.23 3.88 3.10 0.10 0.54 8.71 0.00 0.20 18.10 0.13 18.22

C Administrative and support 0.01 0.02 0.21 8.00 0.03 0.36 3.68 0.00 0.03 12.34 0.01 12.34

C Public admin and defence 0.00 0.05 0.59 2.10 0.44 0.84 6.74 0.00 0.56 11.32 0.00 11.32

C Education 0.04 0.19 0.10 3.96 0.10 1.21 15.15 0.00 0.39 21.14 0.00 21.14

C Human health and social 0.00 6.44 0.11 5.47 0.12 0.81 17.78 0.00 0.00 30.73 0.00 30.73

C Arts, entertainment 0.02 0.12 0.11 2.66 0.39 0.30 6.12 0.29 0.00 10.01 0.01 10.02

C Other services 0.00 0.02 0.01 1.11 0.07 0.06 2.19 0.00 0.00 3.47 0.00 3.47

Commercial sub-total 3.88 8.03 9.99 206.42 8.00 13.36 179.22 0.36 5.14 434.40 1.11 435.51

Total 39.53 13.40 66.34 310.38 8.73 150.38 212.85 81.51 31.89 915.03 72.18 987.21

Note: column and row totals may not exactly match owing to rounding of figures; some cells have been merged as a data disclosive prevention measure; levels of precision vary within the table above


Table 14: Waste Types generated by Sector for South East Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes

Type Sector Chemical wastes

Health care

Metallic wastes

Non-metallic wastes

Discarded equipment

Animal & vegetable

Mixed (ordinary)


Mineral wastes

Total (excluding

non-wastes) Non-

wastes

Total (including

non-wastes)








I Basic metals 12.74 0.00 127.10 17.37 0.20 0.03 7.02 2.89 54.54 221.88 267.30 489.18


I Furniture, other manufacturing 0.39 0.01 4.97 20.23 0.12 0.01 7.14 0.01 0.18 33.07 0.02 33.09



Industrial Sub-total 70.77 3.56 162.61 124.49 1.68 141.12 50.35 27.14 660.66 1242.39 283.36 1525.75










C Education 0.10 0.36 0.36 10.35 0.29 2.25 36.74 0.00 0.94 51.40 0.00 51.40



C Other services 0.00 0.04 0.02 1.43 0.11 0.06 4.30 0.02 0.00 5.97 0.00 5.97

Commercial Sub-total 8.11 18.48 19.84 334.70 13.89 26.49 326.37 0.55 8.38 756.81 1.53 758.34

Total 78.88 22.04 182.45 459.19 15.58 167.62 376.72 27.69 669.04 1999.20 284.89 2284.09



Table 15: Waste Types generated by Sector for South West Wales (excluding and including non-wastes), in thousands of tonnes

Type Sector Chemical Wastes

Health care

Metallic wastes

Non-metallic wastes

Discarded equipment

Animal & vegetable

Mixed (ordinary)


Mineral wastes

Total (excluding

non-wastes) Non-

wastes

Total (including

non-wastes)








I Basic metals 12.04 0.00 39.11 11.77 0.10 0.07 6.81 0.38 49.67 119.94 1757.74 1877.68


I Furniture, other manufacturing 0.07 0.01 0.23 9.48 0.05 0.01 2.63 0.00 0.04 12.53 0.02 12.55



Industrial Sub-total 44.28 1.46 47.83 53.99 0.32 33.99 26.87 14.65 54.50 277.88 1775.37 2053.25










C Education 0.06 0.19 0.14 5.75 0.15 1.27 20.32 0.00 0.79 28.66 0.00 28.66



C Other services 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.79 0.08 0.05 2.19 0.02 0.00 3.16 0.00 3.16

Commercial Sub-total 4.36 9.63 10.21 223.29 9.44 15.38 196.02 0.41 5.37 474.11 1.58 475.68

Total 48.63 11.09 58.04 277.28 9.75 49.37 222.89 15.06 59.87 751.99 1776.95 2528.94



Table 16: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in North Wales (excluding non-wastes)

Type Waste Type

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r

re-u

se o

n s

ite

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-

us

e o

ff s

ite

Oth

er

pre

pa

rati

on

for

reu

se

Recycli

ng

Win

dro

w

co

mp

os

tin

g

In-V

essel

Co

mp

os

tin

g

An

aero

bic

Dig

esti

on

(A

D)

Oth

er

co

mp

os

tin

g

La

nd

reco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

en

erg

y r

eco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n

wit

ho

ut

en

erg

y

reco

very

La

nd

dis

po

sal

Tre

ate

d -

ph

ysio

/ch

em

ical

Tre

ate

d -

bio

log

ical

Sep

ara

tio

n

Me

ch

an

ical

Bio

log

ical

Tre

atm

en

t

Au

toc

lave

Ren

de

rin

g

Me

ch

an

ical

Heat

Tre

atm

en

t

Alt

ern

ati

ve

Tre

atm

en

t

Te

ch

no

log

ies

Tra

ns

fer

Sta

tio

n

Oth

er

Do

n't

Kn

ow

Gra

nd

To

tal

I Chemical wastes 1.71 1.67 0.00 1.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.24 1.07 1.45 8.50 4.87 2.53 0.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.01 0.00 5.36 35.65

I Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.55 0.01 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.37

I Metallic wastes 0.00 0.08 0.00 50.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 6.08 56.35

I Non-metallic wastes 22.65 9.57 0.10 56.83 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.62 5.35 2.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 5.41 103.96

I Discarded equipment 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.74

I Animal & vegetable wastes 0.31 86.40 0.49 0.73 0.64 0.14 1.36 0.06 20.78 0.39 8.54 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.59 0.00 3.60 0.00 1.53 0.33 137.03

I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.01 21.40 0.03 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.10 0.80 33.63

I Common sludges 0.00 0.55 1.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 0.01 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.89 0.12 81.15

I Mineral wastes 0.49 12.23 0.00 1.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 2.46 0.15 0.01 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.41 26.68

Industrial sub-total 25.16 110.56 1.59 121.18 0.64 0.14 1.37 0.06 93.62 9.06 16.54 28.27 9.50 5.22 3.20 0.70 0.00 14.56 0.00 4.12 0.05 7.53 27.58 480.64

C Chemical wastes 0.04 0.73 0.01 1.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.14 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.01 0.43 3.88

C Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.79 3.26 0.96 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.22 0.13 8.03

C Metallic wastes 0.00 0.15 0.00 9.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.25 9.99

C Non-metallic wastes 0.16 6.61 0.52 195.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.26 3.05 206.42

C Discarded equipment 0.01 1.25 0.01 6.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 8.00

C Animal & vegetable wastes 0.10 1.42 0.09 1.65 0.27 1.33 1.19 2.58 0.12 0.17 0.01 1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.02 2.48 13.36

C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.01 64.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 1.65 0.03 108.58 0.00 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 4.02 179.22

C Common sludges 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.36

C Mineral wastes 0.02 0.22 0.00 1.20 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 2.43 5.05

Commercial sub-total 0.34 10.38 0.64 279.72 0.36 1.33 1.19 2.86 0.12 2.70 3.89 112.62 0.47 0.12 0.95 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.02 0.03 0.52 13.07 434.40

Total 25.51 120.94 2.22 400.90 1.00 1.47 2.55 2.93 93.73 11.76 20.43 140.89 9.97 5.34 4.16 0.75 0.00 14.57 0.00 7.14 0.08 8.05 40.65 915.03



Table 17: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South East Wales (excluding non-wastes)

Type Waste Type Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-

us

e o

n s

ite

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-u

se o

ff s

ite

Oth

er

pre

pa

rati

on

for

reu

se

Recycli

ng

Win

dro

w

co

mp

os

tin

g

In-V

essel

Co

mp

os

tin

g

An

aero

bic

D

ige

sti

on

(A

D)

Oth

er

co

mp

os

tin

g

La

nd

reco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

en

erg

y r

eco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n

wit

ho

ut

en

erg

y

reco

very

La

nd

dis

po

sal

Tre

ate

d -

ph

ysio

/ch

em

ical

Tre

ate

d -

bio

log

ical

Sep

ara

tio

n

Me

ch

an

ical

Bio

log

ical

Tre

atm

en

t

Au

toc

lave

Ren

de

rin

g

Me

ch

an

ical

Heat

Tre

atm

en

t

Alt

ern

ati

ve

Tre

atm

en

t

Te

ch

no

log

ies

Tra

ns

fer

Sta

tio

n

Oth

er

Do

n't

Kn

ow

Gra

nd

To

tal

I Chemical wastes 0.86 1.51 0.00 5.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.55 2.32 1.70 13.36 9.87 8.23 3.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.02 0.01 2.21 70.77

I Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.64 0.01 2.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.56

I Metallic wastes 0.00 0.17 0.00 161.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.77 162.61

I Non-metallic wastes 0.87 15.57 0.15 93.71 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 5.68 3.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 1.65 124.49

I Discarded equipment 0.00 0.09 0.00 1.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 1.68

I Animal & vegetable wastes 0.40 62.67 1.10 0.68 0.82 0.54 0.80 0.05 31.31 0.22 29.17 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.40 0.00 0.72 0.00 0.98 0.21 141.12

I Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.96 0.08 32.05 0.02 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.41 1.53 50.35

I Common sludge’s 0.00 0.81 3.33 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.72 0.02 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.71 0.05 27.14

I Mineral wastes 0.37 191.91 0.00 3.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30.31 0.00 0.01 433.55 0.06 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 660.61

Industrial sub-total 2.50 272.71 4.58 281.07 0.82 0.55 0.80 0.05 82.35 26.12 38.04 472.25 15.75 9.88 8.69 3.31 0.00 11.99 0.00 1.88 0.04 2.11 6.90 1242.39

C Chemical wastes 0.06 2.30 0.01 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.21 0.05 0.98 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.98 8.11

C Healthcare 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.91 5.96 3.08 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.76 0.00 0.38 0.21 18.48

C Metallic wastes 0.00 0.08 0.01 19.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.52 19.84

C Non-metallic wastes 0.33 12.18 0.94 314.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.30 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.46 4.87 334.70

C Discarded equipment 0.02 2.30 0.01 10.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.39 13.89

C Animal & vegetable wastes 0.15 1.88 0.13 2.97 0.39 2.33 3.46 5.68 0.21 0.32 0.01 2.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.57 0.00 0.04 3.97 26.49

C Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.01 125.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 7.26 0.04 185.97 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.04 6.45 326.37

C Common sludge’s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.55

C Mineral wastes 0.04 0.69 0.00 2.46 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.28 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 3.50 8.32

Commercial sub-total 0.59 19.44 1.11 478.58 0.46 2.33 3.46 6.18 0.21 11.73 6.96 193.61 0.98 0.12 1.36 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.59 0.09 0.98 20.96 756.81

TOTAL 3.10 292.15 5.69 759.65 1.28 2.88 4.26 6.22 82.55 37.85 45.00 665.86 16.73 10.01 10.05 3.37 0.00 11.99 0.00 9.47 0.13 3.09 27.87 1999.20



Table 18: Waste Type (SOC Group) generated by Waste Management Method, in thousands of tonnes in South West Wales (excluding non-wastes)

Type Waste Type

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-us

e

on

sit

e

Pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r re

-us

e

off

sit

e

Oth

er

pre

pa

rati

on

fo

r

reu

se

Recycli

ng

Win

dro

w c

om

po

sti

ng

In-V

essel C

om

po

sti

ng

An

aero

bic

Dig

esti

on

(AD

)

Oth

er

co

mp

os

tin

g

La

nd

reco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

en

erg

y r

eco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

ou

t en

erg

y r

eco

very

La

nd

dis

po

sal

Tre

ate

d -

ph

ysio

/ch

em

ical

Tre

ate

d -

bio

log

ical

Sep

ara

tio

n

Me

ch

an

ical

Bio

log

ical

Tre

atm

en

t

Au

toc

lave

Ren

de

rin

g

Me

ch

an

ical

Heat

Tre

atm

en

t

Alt

ern

ati

ve T

reatm

en

t

Te

ch

no

log

ies

Tra

ns

fer

Sta

tio

n

Oth

er

Do

n't

Kn

ow

Gra

nd

To

tal

I Chemical wastes

0.00

0.23

0.00 6.25

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

5.39

1.91 6.68

17.09

2.04

2.90

0.67

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.10

0.01

0.00

1.00 44.28

I Healthcare

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

1.25 0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 1.46

I Metallic wastes

3.43

10.16

0.00 33.68

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01 0.11

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.44 47.83

I Non-metallic wastes

0.49

5.19

0.10 40.59

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.42

2.41 3.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.78

53.99

I Discarded equipment

0.00

0.04

0.00 0.26

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.32

I Animal & vegetable wastes

1.76

8.72

0.76 2.72

3.60

0.07

0.12

0.03

11.51

0.08

3.03 0.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.02

0.00

0.25

0.00

0.07

0.20

33.99

I Mixed (ordinary) wastes

0.00

0.00

0.00 7.22

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.54

0.00 18.58

0.00

0.00

0.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.09

0.24

26.87

I Common sludges

0.00

0.62

2.00 0.80

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

8.10

0.02

2.02 0.79

0.00

0.06

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.25

0.00 14.65

I Mineral wastes

33.67

12.95

0.00 2.86

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.03 4.65

0.06

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.28 54.22

Industrial sub-total

39.35

37.91

2.86 94.38

3.60

0.07

0.12

0.03

19.61

7.45

10.66 33.87

17.15

2.11

3.10

0.67

0.00

1.22

0.00

0.35

0.01

0.41

2.96

277.88

C Chemical wastes

0.04

1.00

0.01 1.92

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.06

0.09 0.03

0.42

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.13

0.00

0.02

0.54 4.36

C Healthcare

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.72

3.50 1.36

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.54

0.00

0.23

0.13 9.63

C Metallic wastes

0.00

0.06

0.01 9.78

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.32 10.21

C Non-metallic wastes

0.12

8.52

0.57

209.25

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.04

0.00

0.04

0.19 0.49

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

0.29

3.76

223.29

C Discarded equipment

0.01

1.40

0.01 7.65

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.03

0.00 0.04

0.00

0.00

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.27

9.44

C Animal & vegetable wastes

0.10

1.54

0.08 1.39

0.27

1.41

1.76

3.31

0.14

0.15

0.01 1.60

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.74

0.00

0.02

2.87

15.38

C Mixed (ordinary) wastes

0.00

0.00

0.01 69.04

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.29

0.00

3.42

0.03

118.47

0.00

0.00

0.53

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.03

0.00

4.20

196.02

C Common sludges

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.32 0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.08 0.41

C Mineral wastes

0.03

0.32

0.00 1.82

0.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 0.64

0.00

0.00

0.21

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

2.31 5.34

Commercial sub-total

0.31

12.83

0.68

300.84

0.30

1.41

1.76

3.64

0.14

5.43

4.13

122.67

0.42

0.10

0.87

0.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.43

0.06

0.58

14.47

474.11

Total

39.65

50.74

3.54

395.22

3.90

1.48

1.88

3.67

19.75

12.89

14.78

156.54

17.57

2.21

3.97

0.72

0.00

1.22

0.00

3.78

0.07

0.99

17.42

751.99



Table 19: Hazardous Waste generated in Wales 2012, in thousands of tonnes by Waste type and management method (excluding non-wastes)

Waste Type Pre

pa

red

fo

r R

e-u

se o

n

sit

e

Pre

pa

red

fo

r re

-us

e o

ff

sit

e

Oth

er

reu

se

Recycli

ng

Co

mp

os

tin

g

La

nd

reco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

en

erg

y r

eco

very

Inc

inera

tio

n w

ith

ou

t

en

erg

y r

eco

very

La

nd

dis

po

sal

Tre

ate

d -

ph

ysio

/ch

em

ical

Tre

ate

d -

bio

log

ical

Sep

ara

tio

n

Me

ch

an

ical

Bio

log

ical

Tre

atm

en

t

Au

toc

lave

Ren

de

rin

g

Me

ch

an

ical

Heat

Tre

atm

en

t

Alt

ern

ati

ve T

reatm

en

t

Te

ch

no

log

ies

Tra

ns

fer

Sta

tio

n

Oth

er

Do

n't

Kn

ow

To

tal

Chemical waste 2.42 7.44 0.00 16.26 0.00 0.00 30.79 5.71 0.39 38.81 0.90 9.39 4.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.44 0.04 0.05 9.66 127.90

Health care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.18 15.11 2.78 3.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.76 0.01 7.48 0.00 0.42 0.20 38.05

Metallic wastes 0.00 0.02 0.02 20.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.15 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 20.75

Non-metallic wastes 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.06 2.31 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.17 5.77

Discarded Equip 0.00 4.29 0.00 13.45 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.60 18.79

Animal & veg wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.10 1.66 1.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.53 5.68

Mixed (ordinary) wastes 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.09 0.99 0.05 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50

Common sludge’s 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.05 3.07 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.87

Mineral wastes 0.00 2.03 0.00 3.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 1.96 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 6.35 14.58

naturally occurring soil and mineral materials 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wastes Total 2.43 13.99 0.02 56.31 0.00 0.00 36.40 28.17 10.27 42.15 0.92 9.58 4.60 0.00 3.76 0.01 9.36 0.06 1.33 19.58 238.90



Appendix 2 Sample frame design and size calculations 1. Sample frame design

The survey was based upon a two-dimensional sample frame. Businesses were first stratified into 25 sectors, based upon EU NACE codes (NACE Rev. 2) and the identical UK Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC) divisions. These sectors were identical to those used in the 2007 Wales I&C survey, and allowed direct comparisons to be drawn with the previous survey (Table 20). Analysis showed that condensing the commercial SIC codes to reduce the total number of business sectors from 25 to 18 reduced the resolution of the survey and hindered comparisons with the 2007 results but did not improve the precision. Table 20: Sectors used to stratify the I&C sample frame

NACE SIC2007 Codes

Sector

NACE01 10-12 Food products, drinks and tobacco

NACE02 13-15 Textiles, wearing apparel, leather

NACE03 16 Wood and wood products

NACE04 17-18 Paper and paper products

NACE05 19 Coke and petroleum products

NACE06 20-22 Chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber & plastic products

NACE07 23 Other non-metallic mineral products

NACE08 24-25 Basic metals, and metal products

NACE09 26-30 Computer, electrical equip, machinery and motors

NACE10 31-33 Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation

NACE11 35 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

NACE12 36 Water collection, treatment and supply

NACE13 45-47 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (excl. 46.77)

NACE14 49-53 Transportation and storage

NACE15 55-56 Accommodation and food service activities

NACE16 58-63 Information and communication

NACE17 64-66 Financial and insurance activities

NACE18 68 Real estate activities

NACE19 69-75 Professional, scientific and technical activities

NACE20 77-82 Administrative and support service activities

NACE21 84 Public administration and defence, compulsory social security


NACE SIC2007 Codes

Sector

NACE22 85 Education

NACE23 86-88 Human health and social work activities

NACE24 90-93 Arts, entertainment and recreation

NACE25 94-96 Other services

Businesses were also stratified into eight size bands based upon number of employees plus a ‘special’ size band for businesses that had uniquely high waste arisings. The 1-4 employee size band used in the 2007 survey was split in two (1-2 and 3-4 employees) to help prevent any bias arising from differential response rates of 1-2 and 3-4 employee businesses. Analysis showed that the creation of an extra size band had a negligible effect on the overall precision of the survey. Of the five ‘special’ businesses identified in 2007, two were no longer deemed to have exceptionally high waste arisings (once virgin timber was omitted), but the other three businesses were retained in the ‘special’ size band. Table 21 shows the final set of size bands used to define the I&C sample frame.

Table 21: Size bands used to stratify the I&C sample frame

Size Band Code Number of employees

0 1-2

1 3-4

2 5-9

3 10-19

4 20-49

5 50-99

6 100-249

7 250+

10 Special businesses

2. Survey population

The total population of business sites (local units) in each brick (N) was obtained from the ONS Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) database, which lists business units in Wales based on VAT and PAYE information (Table 22). Since 2007, the scope of the IDBR has expanded to include business units that are PAYE based but not VAT


registered. Business units in sectors such as healthcare, for example, which are VAT exempt and hence excluded from the 2007 population figures were therefore included. This resulted in a 20% increase in the number of business units in the population (from 71,450 in 2007 to 85,610 in 2012). This increase is unlikely to have a major impact on the estimated waste generated because the vast majority of ‘additional’ business units are in the smallest size band and consequently have very low waste arisings. Extrapolating the 2007 I&C survey dataset to the 2012 ONS population figures increased the estimated total waste generated from 5.37 to 5.39 million tonnes (including non-wastes), a 0.4% change that is trivial compared to the precision of the estimate.

Table 22: ONS population of business units (March 2012 figures)

Size band

Sector 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+ Total

10-12 175 70 70 50 50 35 30 20 500

13-15 135 35 35 20 20 5 5 5 260

16 195 75 50 40 30 15 5 5 415

17-18 280 75 75 60 30 20 20 5 565

19 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 5 30

20-22 120 65 100 70 70 50 35 15 525

23 130 55 55 40 25 5 10 5 325

24-25 535 165 155 125 110 45 30 15 1180

26-30 330 95 125 95 85 65 50 30 875

31-33 665 150 155 80 55 25 25 15 1170

35 55 20 20 10 15 10 10 10 150

36 15 15 20 20 10 5 5 0 90

45-47 9845 3550 4235 2270 1135 245 140 80 21500

49-53 2145 470 425 305 230 110 50 15 3750

55-56 3410 1720 1815 1140 670 155 40 10 8960

58-63 2875 315 290 155 75 35 25 10 3780

64-66 1030 345 470 235 110 25 15 25 2255

68 1785 430 370 125 55 20 15 5 2805

69-75 6995 1045 1000 535 230 65 35 15 9920

77-82 4250 890 905 450 245 125 90 45 7000

84 340 145 220 290 265 125 80 75 1540

85 615 190 370 505 950 335 205 45 3215

86-88 1950 1120 1600 1485 1025 370 140 60 7750

90-93 1440 480 700 270 195 70 30 10 3195

94-96 2260 925 670 255 100 25 10 5 4250

Total 41580 12450 13935 8635 5790 1985 1100 530 86005 Note: Figures have been rounded up to the nearest 5 to prevent disclosure. Special businesses have been included in their true size band.


3. Sample frame optimisation

The survey adopted a stratified sampling scheme based on the 25 SIC sectors and 8 size bands described above. For a given total sample size, the number of business units to be surveyed in each brick (cell) of the sample frame was optimised to give the best possible precision for the estimated total national waste generated. This was done by taking into account (i) the total number of businesses in each brick (taken from Table 22) and (ii) the expected variation in waste generation among businesses in each brick (explained below). Data from the 2007 survey was used to estimate the mean waste arisings per business unit and the between-business variance in each of the 25 x 8 = 200 bricks. Non-wastes (virgin timber and blast furnace slag) were excluded from the calculations. Regression models were used to estimate means and variances for those bricks where less than two business units were surveyed in 2007.

To estimate mean waste generated per business unit, a linear regression model was built, which modelled the loge mean as a function of sector and size band using tonnage data from the remaining bricks which had valid mean estimates. This model was used to estimate the mean for bricks with missing data.

The variance was then predicted from a second linear regression model which modelled the loge variance as a function of the loge mean using tonnage data for all bricks which had valid mean and variance estimates. This model was used to estimate the variance for bricks where less than one business unit was surveyed in 2007.

Following Neyman optimal sampling theory, the sample size in each brick was set to be proportional to the product of the population size and the standard deviation (N*√Variance). Sample sizes were rounded to the nearest integer. The optimising algorithm was constrained to require a minimum of three business units to be surveyed in every brick (providing that there are at least three units in the population); three is regarded as the minimum sample size required to provide a meaningful estimate of the mean waste generated in a given brick. 4. Sample size calculations Sample size calculations were run using a range of total sample sizes, ranging from 500 to 3500 business units. For each sample size, precision was calculated for the total national grossed-up weight, sectors totals and size band totals using a finite population correction factor where appropriate. Based upon these results, the total sample size was set at 1,500 business units as this was predicted to provide a good level of precision for the national total (ca. ±3.3% at 90% confidence), and moderate precision for GUW for individual


sectors and size bands. The final sample frame is shown in Table 23 as the percentage of business units to be surveyed. Details for a total of ca. 25,000 business units were requested, with 100% coverage for most large and medium-sized businesses. For each brick, local business units were selected at random from the ONS list until the required sample size had been reached.

5. Sample frame revision The sample frame was revised in November 2013, mid-way through the survey. For each brick, an estimate was made of the number of businesses expected to be surveyed, based upon the number of successful surveys to date, the number of booked appointments and the overall response rate. The expected sample size was less than the target sample size in a total of 15 bricks. Sticking with the original sample frame would have meant that only 1,446 out of 1,500 business units would have been surveyed, so the ‘spare’ surveys were re-allocated to bricks where the target sample size was expected to be met but there were more businesses in the population to be surveyed. Again, the sample frame was optimised to give the best possible precision. As a result of the changes, the precision of the total national grossed-up weight was then estimated to be ca.±3.7% at 90% confidence.


Table 23: I&C sample frame: percentage of business units to be sampled in each brick

Size band

Sector 1-2 3-4 5-9 10-19 20-49 50-99 100-249 250+

10-12 1.7% 4.3% 4.3% 6.0% 68.0% 8.6% 86.7% 90.0%

13-15 2.2% 8.6% 11.4% 15.0% 15.0% 20.0% 40.0% 20.0%

16 1.5% 4.0% 6.0% 7.5% 10.0% 80.0% 40.0% 20.0%

17-18 1.1% 4.0% 4.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 65.0% 60.0%

19 20.0% 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 20.0% - - 40.0%

20-22 2.5% 4.6% 3.0% 4.3% 44.3% 12.0% 20.0% 40.0%

23 2.3% 5.5% 7.3% 7.5% 12.0% 60.0% 70.0% 20.0%

24-25 0.6% 1.8% 1.9% 2.4% 3.6% 28.9% 93.3% 73.3%

26-30 0.9% 3.2% 2.4% 21.1% 3.5% 6.2% 12.0% 100.0%

31-33 0.5% 2.0% 1.9% 3.8% 5.5% 24.0% 12.0% 20.0%

35 5.5% 15.0% 15.0% 30.0% 20.0% 30.0% 80.0% 40.0%

36 20.0% 20.0% 15.0% 15.0% 30.0% 60.0% 80.0% -

45-47 0.1% 0.4% 2.7% 2.1% 5.0% 7.8% 37.1% 33.8%

49-53 0.1% 0.6% 1.2% 1.3% 5.2% 22.7% 6.0% 20.0%

55-56 0.2% 1.2% 2.5% 2.9% 2.2% 7.1% 12.5% 40.0%

58-63 0.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.9% 4.0% 8.6% 12.0% 30.0%

64-66 0.3% 0.9% 0.6% 1.3% 2.7% 12.0% 20.0% 12.0%

68 0.2% 0.7% 0.8% 2.4% 5.5% 15.0% 20.0% 60.0%

69-75 0.1% 0.5% 0.7% 4.1% 11.3% 4.6% 37.1% 60.0%

77-82 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 0.7% 5.7% 2.4% 6.7% 8.9%

84 0.9% 2.1% 1.4% 1.0% 1.1% 24.8% 13.8% 33.3%

85 0.5% 1.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.9% 6.6% 6.3% 11.1%

86-88 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 0.7% 1.6% 2.1% 11.7%

90-93 0.2% 0.6% 1.7% 1.1% 8.2% 10.0% 10.0% 30.0%

94-96 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 1.6% 7.0% 12.0% 30.0% 40.0%

Total 0.2% 0.8% 1.8% 2.2% 4.6% 9.9% 20.6% 33.6% Note: Percentages calculated using rounded population figures, so reported figures are lower than reality.


Appendix 3 Survey delivery and quality assurance detail 1. Data Sample Preparation

Business contact data were secured from Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR) provided by the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Those who carried out the collection and analysis of the ONS data bear no responsibility for the further analysis and interpretation of the data used for the purposes of this survey. Company selection for the telephone recruitment process was based upon a random selection of businesses in proportion to their relevance in the sample matrix. Unfortunately, the ONS data, which are based on VAT and PAYE records, contained only a small number of telephone numbers, a number of duplicate records, and also some records of businesses were subsequently found to be no longer trading. Therefore, a significant amount of data clean-up was required before the ONS dataset could be used. Of the data received:

Data were received from ONS for 24,159 business sites;

Cleaning and research identified 415 duplicate records or no longer trading (1.7%)

which were removed;

Original records with telephone numbers 1,801 (7.6%);

Telephone numbers added by research 6,537.

2. Data Security

Urban Mines is registered under the Data Protection Act to handle personal data. From the initial outset of the project, systems were established to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of the business and personal details contained within the ONS dataset. Both the tele-bookers and the surveyors accessed the business contact data they needed by logging onto a secure internet site. Neither of these groups had access to the ONS dataset, and only one copy of the ONS dataset was retained on the Urban Mines server which was accessible only to the Urban Mines data manager. Each business in the dataset was assigned a unique code which allowed identification of waste stream records and their positioning in the sample matrix for grossing up. Only Urban Mines held a copy of the unique code/business name relationship table for data checking purposes and this, along with the original ONS dataset, was deleted on completion of the project. This method of data management met the requirements of ONS.


3. Tele-booking Process

Tele-bookers from Ainsworth & Parkinson (A&P) were trained on the use of a conversational call script for this survey. Appointment booking began by focussing on the areas of highest business concentration, attempting to emulate the 30%:70% split of businesses in the North:South of Wales. Later in the survey process, the geographical focus was broadened to deliver a cross section of surveys in Mid Wales and South West Wales. A bespoke web-enabled software system was developed for the project in order to support the tele-bookers’ recruitment of businesses. This system was securely hosted on A&P’s server. The software presented the tele-operators with business contact details, business address, and a calendar of the availability and location of each of the surveyors involved in delivery of the surveys. It presented the tele-bookers with a company selected at random, cycling through the sample matrix ‘bricks’. Bricks, and all the remaining company details contained therein, were closed off once the brick target for number of bookings required had been achieved, and these details were subsequently no longer presented to the tele-bookers. Once a business had agreed to participate in the survey, the tele-booker made an appointment. To identify an appropriate appointment time, the software offered the tele-booker a selection of dates and time slots (4 per working day), and displayed the estimated travel time for each surveyor based on the surveyor’s location or the location of their previously booked appointments. This latter facility allowed the clustering of visits. Clustering visits geographically in this way allowed the booking process to maximise the number of visits per day for each individual surveyor, whilst keeping the travel distances to a practicable minimum. Each business being surveyed received a confirmation email (if an email address was available) on the day the booking was made. The surveyors retrieved their booked appointments diary by securely logging onto a website which accessed the software on A&P’s server. Response rates from the tele-booking process were:

a total of 15,679 calls were made, including calls which resulted in there being

wrong numbers, no answer, the contact was busy, a refusal to participate, a call-

back being required, or an appointment being secured;

a total of 11,449 calls were answered by companies;

this resulted in 1,850 appointments being made, and;

the final outcome was 1,540 completed surveys.


4. Checking Business Data

To make sure that the information held in the ONS database was correct, as each booking was made, operators checked SIC (business type) code and number of employees, and business address details. Previous surveys reported problems with ONS data in this respect. For this survey a total of 202 businesses needed some form of brick change. 5. Survey Visit Each surveyor visited in person the businesses with whom they had an appointment booked. The survey visit consisted of an initial discussion to explain the reason for the survey again, but also to ‘break the ice’. Following this, the survey was completed using Urban Mines’ own proprietary survey software on the surveyor’s laptop. Surveyors tried to collect as much data as possible from written records, such as waste transfer notes, disposal invoices, or electronic records. If necessary, the surveyor would prompt the business contact by suggesting the types of records which might be available. After completion of the interview stage, the surveyor asked to be taken on a brief tour of the business’s facilities, to check the data already collected and to identify other waste streams which the business representative may have forgotten. Surveyors were trained to look for office and canteen waste which is often overlooked. To complete the visit, the surveyor thanked the business representative for their contribution, and provided literature containing details of relevant support programmes with whom the business could take their discussions of waste further. The businesses were also given a leaflet which included available business support in Wales and also information regarding the ‘Edoc’ system, the launch of which was imminent at the time the surveys were being conducted. This not only added value to the visit but also, it was hoped, would generate some leads for the relevant business support organisations in Wales.

6. Data Collation

After a series of visits had been completed, the surveyors used the export function in the survey software to export completed datasets to Urban Mines. On arrival the data were checked and appended to the main survey database. To ensure data security, the only business specific identification data exported and associated with the individual waste stream data was the unique code. This proved to be an effective and reliable process.

7. Surveyor Training

In order to ensure the smooth delivery of the surveys and the collection of consistent and accurate data, each surveyor received specific training for the project. The training


addressed the purpose of the survey, its key requirements, the surveying strategy and the structure of the questionnaire including waste categories to be used, waste management options, the use of the survey software including the inbuilt waste quantity calculators. Health & Safety training was also included. A detailed technical guidance manual, designed for use when surveyors were out visiting sites, was also supplied so that surveyors always had a reference document to consult. Urban Mines also operated a Help Line to support the surveyors should they have any specific issues which they required assistance with during the delivery of their surveys. As part of the training programme, the surveyors conducted pilot surveys on twelve companies in order to both trial the survey systems and software, and to put into practice what they had learned during the initial training. These pilot surveys allowed Groundwork surveyors to gain practical experience in the delivery of the project whilst having access to supervision and support from Urban Mines.

8. Monitoring Performance

Throughout the survey, the project and data managers at Urban Mines monitored booking statistics, brick completion and surveyor utilisation rates. As the surveyors picked up details of future bookings from their online diaries, they also registered the outcome for previous survey visits. As well as handling booking and business data, the project software produced a number of performance indicators allowing project managers to monitor:

calls made by each tele-booker;

number of refusals, wrong numbers and no answers;

appointments booked to date, in total and by allocation to each surveyor;

number of completed surveys;

number of cancellations and re-bookings required, and;

percentage completion of each brick in the sample matrix.

At periods throughout the survey, both the tele-bookers and the surveyors were directly monitored to check performance and correct any problems. For the tele-bookers, adherence to script was checked by listening into calls, and changes made if appropriate. For survey visits, Urban Mines made joint visits with the Groundwork surveyors both to check that the surveying methodology was being adhered to and delivered consistently across the surveyor group, and to identify problems, if any, with the data logging software. Concurrently, Urban Mines also carried out a telephone ‘mini-survey’ of businesses which had been visited by the surveyors, as a further check of performance and to ascertain what the business representative thought of the experience of the project, from initial booking call through to the delivery of the survey. A number of businesses were called at random


covering each surveyor. This survey of responses was another check that the surveys were progressing satisfactorily and that the businesses involved were happy with how they were treated. Of those contacted, 96% agreed that they were happy with the appointment booking process: 100% responded “Yes” to the question “Did the Surveyor record a fair and accurate representation of site's waste production?”, and; 100% responded “Yes” to the question “If contacted, would you be happy to take part in another similar survey in the future?”

9. PPC Businesses

To assist with the surveying of larger industrial companies NRW supplied waste data from the Pollutions Inventory (PI) for the businesses in Wales that filed PI returns for 2012. On the basis that through random sampling a proportion of these businesses would be visited during the survey period these data provided additional assistance to the surveyors. Using these data allowed the surveyors to be pre-prepared for visits, and meant that what could be a lengthy visit at a major waste producer was made more efficient by being focussed on an already established waste generation list. However, the PI data does not include all wastes (e.g. non-wastes, office wastes) and therefore could not be relied upon to be a comprehensive representation of all wastes to be included in these surveys.

10. Checking for Outliers

All data received were reviewed electronically to identify outliers, i.e. those data points that lay outside the expected range. Once identified, these outliers were further checked, re-confirmed and changed, if necessary, by the surveyor. These checks identified errors in data entry or calculation as well as incorrect classifications. STATA, a statistical software package, was used to check for and identify outliers. Outliers were considered as any points with values that lay more than three (±3) standard deviations away from the mean, using the r (mean) scalar. The analysis was run several times, each time dropping those points identified as outliers to ensure that all such points were identified and re-checked. Below is an example of the results. From the example in Figure 1, points 2328, 7818, 1436, 7400, 5294, 7562, 1775 and 7910 are considered as possible outliers in these data.


Figure 1 Example of an outlier check using STATA

96589648186076347635706521939319575172643518608719994137884551369157383258568817813691458613165471708668241227507026613667483506652270186891650463577922548548816329489781482998885952596193808326286110621258018858935740932304862717355512880197105542242079955005661868045340243679353943492820076130650981026707511673536270186822507206336727487135466473253764570479748043694614124352789681087161692241085130749585815297887566427572607426418388404449907575516337798103717875652421638080676222531077835169335781637163569848591127279586577134237477348624374633646412594566177918780775684959831775667263758397302004485717926156713728066890794171008652573264206339269792515196331984841864791217749292647778057580966476174843265969186083858672267639710931737463501821771872789915855187490650891793509295308130910251107985241314166045828047124109350981237934568040074282377549342708848178493892487640684830423236546065690384343986853036411877252049832731231829318035742544987779275178153829684138995170615290057681594627092440266571252746299168193747847555443225428786317954592456722350266472234818277728134972201933876159386711231636685841074988663162172819446286768361839422131825580840393002897735524949260215265284878124876987283627025649703173888464282722668532897410824380265248922775279928358520890833971048856026675446715177887606515714136691699812026377472122746777258724845083207025632282856488408517224722849756879713807558605161292770112424907951248526162617248327623833126327906180533412396615522397571244601521893920748320808436822227948798831061778809288635235984645829808783539689916736228958277365901160784944109830827057834124615645140169807630741086802316865830498890839283566012513859111074224312831634228132654886563561725509261389096874238910883267789724468349835016621269125523483682195440358688163318363007377690102964392737567181353468988021390079404097908630203530378968605468826836696864766782813982379883531095378039473958526482629212265760356232937840229498354146748779448678424596675370003988842088279359884239109217744626293055360140102291684094938372382639984177937111825747393262522663805126196406250451075708884427812299807326182195969227194416273896291282382239802662279239784058408095433847969497313198207133474011563325373044273036255579447777136448116938972326447533934538952176998823560651232337138737682681267727353206707681628742264625318060336265638443843158369668321857403852259728282406396631539297340733331561522044003279230957742055226290473786209171853449272275983237670932118253601965455115446526309225943440273949239169492782623134003942254134249488506839871424174631675641516178324025951794326467906526827132920673897626342767883773864384193184334031127066855955819031950930489666683544831268970717673177112192982497606012249419251368122565646922711079900888833263293084607436330150422584949094891237126639621085916646883250122692499459538634059215507490619050255521603442932380389193552153527548113123149709905212525179909676597122608528381292281227204991490391989745656928039232169757856297111434441245585575371681810110651275318683225101624651971286911169041330496627963290148412776982224112535867375916801214335187604522122928165167224043072087376912413691124650962222

40293934728837907536426749825300393135686438652839904343348078744021613739441199203854823817296067206135135137622772805262718110800736104300770448754634421120176446291078146759510911684510549055987990356173588487628139383973382480154628631652557745273375251084662481567514736312426127402327475596624924744604593753947740742461894817723066283313102076862311598174533191437962653516381623321865271016792634771857262647399115174454105120303252566659901559301325953592254756896372225958406175254258684532271636853266728453596187337730265588760470235918227637817108152068015400593847651881875033048039240269435443212710421350262014957179155151032820149769232357269029827610581824091677235854582739215268786714111666251448418914211171146148747342503538192445749976807470496418546309146652472791699115113295131011171069387929661040236710541135722749205933590716316134146222865603579730881278635114922278651656623878163518955052266861213861625780772422529359081270674461111281897312117557697656571138121612207191730011101784289047171053159974841036531314891341165556474295113747941600102560047021226866701504121911193954569329072800683337006757732956203714464243206327107136942992560438045691407017184755415834831037474747835989348563194911297425613953704546101719478837504750670850234536542540947827514110466877439238143855975097522371174167331617743213526805487397512684175048661869169912972370323852303455789360292903199411476032199317811757770915761583339254781779539916376964454817646760557410057417750513032202758811743073715610648055206031797764306747241450138858851359788513386972141810812099130110765234105545091044113314947439250313633366143912991740132942421761160313342150287369092277172372741294462213216099507977219001

427140877694411277537904348463784411438960426349237212966741222341155864448761797790783845305411396063288577425423404105707860986521380635782324975542011738145236178682212976091459177877892134771557507693176966226786639519624752585234915540172066512423206266682254975314795414780814512384456899332219693623903629348297542319478457875790380768083094193619777725482623971083103947271506198110381905479710327431281718311944199679571974726559221949232210312349589414424042178014261429207349611148764271287372106673067666235630961714148571491989529014981022122210277760758919591707134723291437142876111618725614547211133674381357129315001311383613351777101710907895164478432239240478927350747410121306171617337894

23287818

1436

410140653709404136886303379124004096435078564102768579217724357142644740473814756663473790162875474399366024288919797962473173111493448881547623744077692862232147201072107719222151614747339931694571181453681578365601993251007953196847447799426219189925506677719928733929079935524955573871993917266927346547361470992999341947435914769938190799307462147121201021194110639940785213204609536214737844564274133091745510751925194514311028100972927804103575843843610410167890170870291033173454287797820773521704160480301089101379667915

7400

5294

7910

7562

1775

0

50

00

00

10

00

00

01

50

00

00

20

00

00

0

Sum

OfA

nnua

lTon

nage

0 200 400 600 800 1000CoSizeAverage


Appendix 4 Survey questionnaire

Part A – Waste Produced on Site - Record per Waste Stream

A1. Waste Descriptions as SOC group, SOC sub-group and SOC sub-sub-group of waste stream

All wastes produced on site recorded .e. outgoing wastes and waste disposed of (but no recycled or reused ) on site

If same waste disposed of in a number of different ways the separate waste streams are recorded

Incoming wastes recorded (used as raw materials or for disposal), flagged up in database as “incoming” (note recycling and waste management businesses were not surveyed)

Non- wastes- recorded with SOC codes but flagged up in database as non- wastes.

A2. Form of Waste

o Solid o Liquid o Gas

A3.Nature of waste:

o Hazardous o Non-hazardous

A4.Annual tonnage (and container and conversion factor equivalents)

A5Source of tonnage data:

o Written – weighbridge o Written – Invoice o Written – WT note (where WT = Waste Transfer) o Written - Other o Company estimate o Surveyor estimate


A6. Waste Management

o Landfill

o Thermal Treatment with Energy Recovery

o Land recovery

o Thermal Treatment without Energy Recovery

o Transfer station

o Treatment plant

o Recycling

o Composting

o Reuse

o Other


Appendix 5 Sectors surveyed No SIC description Company Type examples

Industrial (Manufacturing) Sectors

1 Food, drink and tobacco Manufacturers

Production, processing and preserving of meat and meat products. fish and fish products, fruit and vegetables, vegetable and animal oils and fats, dairy products, grain mill products, starches and starch products and of prepared animal feeds. Manufacture of beverages including alcohol, manufacture of tobacco products NOTE: THIS IS MANUFACTURERS ONLY. RESTAURANTS, PUBS & BARS COME UNDER NO 8 “HOTELS & CATERING”

2 Textiles, wearing apparel, leather (manufacturing)

Manufacture of Textiles and Textile Products including spinning of fibres (cotton, wool, worsted etc), textile weaving, manufacture of articles including carpets, soft furnishings, manufacture of clothes are wearing apparel including from leather, and of luggage and footwear.

3. Wood and wood products (manufacturing)

Manufacture of Wood and Wood Products including sawmills, manufacture of plywood, laminboard, particle board, fibre board and other panels and boards, Manufacture of builders’ carpentry and joinery and wood; of articles of cork, straw and plaiting materials

4 Paper and paper products (manufacturing)

Manufacture of Pulp, Paper and Paper Products Publishing and Printing including pulp, paper and paperboard and articles of paper and paperboard including stationery, wall paper, cartons, boxes. Publishing, Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media including newspapers and books, sound and recording media.

5 Coke and petroleum products (manufacturing)

Manufacture of Coke, Refined Petroleum Products and Nuclear Fuel

6

Chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber & plastic products

Manufacture of Chemicals and Chemical Products including basic chemicals, dyes & pigments, fertilisers, plastics, synthetic rubber, pesticides & agrochemicals, paints, varnishes and similar coatings, printing ink and mastics pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemicals and botanical products soap and detergents, cleaning and polishing preparations, perfumes and toilet preparations, man made fibres. Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products including tyres, plastic products including floor coverings

7 Other non-metallic mineral products

Manufacture of Other Non-metallic Mineral Products including of glass and glass products, of ceramic goods; manufacture of tiles and flags, or bricks cement and plaster and articles of concrete, plaster and cement. Cutting, shaping and finishing of ornamental and building stone


No SIC description Company Type examples

8 Basic metals, and metal products

Manufacture of basic iron and steel and of ferro-alloys including tubes and wire, Aluminium, Lead, zinc, tin and Copper production. Casting of metals. Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery and Equipment Including metal tanks, radiators, metal coatings, manufacture of cutlery and tools, steel drums, screws, chains.

9 Computer, electrical equip, machinery and motors

Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment for the production and use of mechanical power, except aircraft, vehicle and cycle engines, agricultural and forestry machinery, machine tools, machinery for mining, quarrying and construction, for food, beverage and tobacco, textile, paper & pulp processing Manufacture of weapons and ammunition Manufacture of domestic appliances Manufacture of Electrical and Optical Equipment, including office machinery and computers, electric motors, generators and transformers, batteries and insulated wire, lighting equipment Manufacture of Radio, Television and Communication Equipment and Apparatus Manufacture of Medical, Precision and Optical Instruments, Watches and Clocks Manufacture of industrial process control equipment, optical instruments and photographic equipment Manufacture of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semi-trailers, of ships, boats, cycles, aircraft.

10

Furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation

Manufacture of Furniture; of jewellery and related articles, musical instruments, sports goods, games and toys

11 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

Electricity and Gas production and Supply including Steam and hot water supply

12 Water collection, treatment and supply

Water collection, treatment and supply; Sewerage;

Commercial (Service) Sectors

13

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles (excl. 46.77)

Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods, including car sales and maintenance, petrol, Wholesalers and agents, retail shops and stores

14 Transportation and storage

Land transport and transport via pipelines; Water transport Air transport; Warehousing and support activities for transportation Postal and courier activities


No SIC description Company Type examples

15 Accommodation and food service activities

Hotels and Restaurants, campsites, pubs and bars

16 Information and communication

Publishing activities; Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities; Programming and broadcasting activities; Telecommunications; Computer programming, consultancy and related activities; Information service activities

17 Financial and insurance activities

Financial including banks, building societies, insurance and pension funds; Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security; Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities

18 Real estate activities

Estate Agents

19 Professional, scientific and technical activities

Legal and accounting activities; Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis; Scientific research and development; Advertising and market research; Other professional, scientific and technical activities; Veterinary activities

20 Administrative and support service activities

Rental and leasing activities; Employment activities; Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities; Security and investigation activities; Services to buildings and landscape activities; Office administrative, office support and other business support activities

21

Public administration and defence, compulsory social security

Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Local authorities, fire stations, police

22 Education Education (schools and colleges)

23 Human health and social work activities

Health & social work, including hospitals & doctors, Human health activities; Residential care activities; Social work activities without accommodation

24 Arts, entertainment and recreation

Creative, arts and entertainment activities; Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities; Gambling and betting activities; Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities

25 Other services

Activities of membership organisations; Repair of computers and personal and household goods; Other personal service activities


Appendix 6 Waste descriptions

(SOC Group) & Sub-group SOC Sub-sub-group

(Chemical wastes) Spent solvents

Halogenated spent solvents

Non- halogenated spent solvents

Other solvents

(Chemical wastes) Acid, alkaline or saline wastes

Acid

Alkaline

Other saline

(Chemical wastes) Used oils (mineral) Used motor oils

Other used oils

(Chemical wastes) Chemical preparation wastes

Unused medicines

Paints, varnish, inks & adhesive wastes

Other chemical preparation wastes

Minor mixed chemical wastes

Tars and carbonaceous wastes

Oils/water emulsions sludges

Chemical reaction residues

Spent filtration and absorbent materials

Other Chemical deposits and residues

(Chemical wastes) Industrial effluent sludge’s (chemical)

Sludge’s from industrial processes & effluent treatment

Sludge’s containing hydrocarbons

(Health care) Health care and biological wastes

Human infectious health care wastes

Animal infectious health care wastes

Genetic engineering wastes

Other healthcare wastes

(Metallic wastes) Metallic wastes

Ferrous metal waste and scrap

Waste precious metal

(Metallic wastes) Metallic wastes

Other waste aluminium

Copper waste

Other metal wastes

Mixed metallic packaging

Other mixed metallic wastes

(Non-metallic wastes) Glass wastes

Glass packaging

Other glass waste

(Non-metallic wastes) Paper and Paper packaging



Cardboard wastes

Other paper waste

Card packaging

Other card waste

Mixed paper & card packaging

Other mixed paper & card waste

(Non-metallic wastes) Rubber wastes Used tyres

Other rubber waste

(Non-metallic wastes) Plastic wastes Plastic packaging

Other plastic wastes

(Non-metallic wastes) Wood wastes

Wood packaging

Treated or coated wood sawdust and shavings

Other treated or coated wood wastes

(Non-metallic wastes) Textile wastes

Carpet

Clothing

Other textile wastes

(Discarded equipment) Batteries and accumulators wastes

Household similar batteries

Car batteries

Other batteries

(Discarded equipment) WEEE and other discarded equipment

Discarded electrical and electronic equipment

Discarded machines and equipment components

(Animal & vegetable wastes) Animal waste of food preparation and products

Food processing - animal waste

Domestic & canteen food waste - animal

Other Animal waste of food preparation and products

(Animal & vegetable wastes) Other animal & vegetable wastes

Food processing - vegetable waste

Domestic & canteen food waste - vegetable

Food processing waste - mixed animal & vegetable waste

Domestic & canteen food waste - mixed animal & vegetable

Green wastes (garden)

Cooking oil

Vegetable oil

Other animal & vegetable wastes

(Mixed (ordinary) wastes) Household and similar wastes

Mixed residual

Dry mixed recyclate(DMR)

Bulky waste

(Mixed (ordinary) wastes) Mixed and Mixed residual



undifferentiated materials Dry mixed recyclate(DMR)

Mixed packaging

(Mineral wastes) Other mineral wastes Artificial mineral wastes

Waste refractory materials

(Mineral wastes) Construction and demolition waste

Concrete, bricks and gypsum waste

Waste hydrocarbonised road-surfacing material

Mixed construction wastes

Gypsum - plasterboard

Gypsum - excess wet plaster

Gypsum - plaster powder

Insulation - fibreglass/mineral wood

Insulation - natural fibres

Insulation - insulating concrete blocks

Insulation - foam based

Insulation - structural insulated panels

Insulation - reflective insulation products

(Non-wastes) Virgin timber

Sawdust and shavings

Bark

Solid pieces e.g. plank ends

Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 44 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk

Appendix 7 Waste Management Methods

Prime Waste Management method Waste Management Description – sub category

Land disposal

Landfill

Soakaway

Lagoon disposal

Deep injection (borehole)

Other land disposal

Land recovery

Landspread

Injection

Other land recovery

Incineration with Energy Recovery

Incineration with energy recovery

Pyrolysis

Gasification

Waste derived fuel

Other thermal treatment with energy recovery

Incineration without Energy Recovery

Incineration without Energy Recovery

Pyrolysis (without Energy Recovery)

Gasification (without Energy Recovery)

Crematorium

Other TT without Energy Recovery

Transfer Station Transfer

Treatment

Treated - physico/chemical

Treated – biological

Separation

Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT)

Autoclave

Rendering e.g. food waste into pet food manufacture

Mechanical heat treatment

Alternative treatment technologies

Recycling

Source separated - collected by a waste contractor or sent direct to a reprocessor

Mixed/co-mingled sent to MRF/transfer station

Waste recycling centre/Civic Amenity site

Composting

Windrow composting

In-Vessel Composting (IVC)

Anaerobic Digestion (AD)

Other

Reuse

Preparation (*) for Re-use on site

Preparation for Re-use off site

Direct Re-use on site

Other reuse

‘Other’

“Other Recovery” i.e. Other specialised recovery operations not specified above e.g. recovery of components from catalysts, recovery of components used for pollution abatement.

Maceration (food waste)

Wales Industrial and Commercial Waste Generated Survey 2012 Page 45 www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk

Appendix 8 Standard Container Types

No Container Group Container Name Container Volume

1 Front- end loader 6 yd3 Front- loader 4.6



4 Rear- end loader 8 yd3 rear- loader 6.1





9 Large container - RoRo 15 yd3 RoRo 11.5

10 Large container – RoRo 18 yd3 RoRo 13.8



13 Large container – RoRo 30 yd3 RoRo 23



16 Wheeled Bin 1100 litre bin 1.1




20 Paladin Paladin 850 0.85

21 Paladin Paladin 560 0.56

22 Chamberlain Chamberlain 940 0.94

23 Chamberlain Chamberlain 720 0.72

24 IBC 1200 litre IBC 1.2

25 IBC 1100 litre IBC 1.1

26 Drum/ barrel 200 litre drum 0.2



29 Cages Cages (for cardboard) 825 litres 0.825


Appendix 9 Conversion factors

SOC Group SOC Sub group Waste type Conversion

Factor

Chemical wastes Sludge’s 0.92

Chemical wastes Petrol and similar fuels 0.72

Chemical wastes Spent carbon and carbon containing wastes

0.24

Chemical wastes Liquids and oils 0.9

Chemical wastes Powders 0.36

Health care Clinical waste incl. blood and organs

0.2

Metallic wastes Metal filings and turnings 0.3

Metallic wastes Ferrous cans- whole 0.09

Metallic wastes Ferrous cans- compacted 0.5

Metallic wastes Aluminium cans- whole 0.04

Metallic wastes Aluminium cans- compacted 0.2

Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass pieces (e.g. waste from manufacture of glass products)

0.57

Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass powders and small particles 1.21

Non- metallic wastes Glass Glass bottles- whole 0.36

Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper and card packaging and newspaper- compacted

0.51

Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper/ card packaging and newspaper- whole

0.2

Non- metallic wastes Paper and card Paper/ card pulps and fibres 0.9



Factor

Non- metallic wastes Rubber End- of – life tyres 0.47

Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic packing and shavings- compacted

0.32

Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic packaging and shavings/ turnings from manufacture of plastic products

0.22

Non- metallic wastes Plastic Plastic bottles- whole 0.02

Non- metallic wastes Plastic bottles- compacted 0.3

Non- metallic wastes Plastic film- compacted 0.5

Non- metallic wastes Wood Sawdust, shavings from wood processing

0.25

Non- metallic wastes Wood Pallets and other wooden packaging

0.11

Non- metallic wastes Textile Cloths, off-cuts and other textile pieces

0.2

Non- metallic wastes Textile Textile fibres 0.61

Discarded equipment Batteries Batteries 1.35

Discarded equipment WEEE and other discarded equipment

Fluorescent tubes 0.19

Discarded equipment WEEE and other discarded equipment

Components, electronic equipment and similar items

0.3

Animal and vegetable wastes

General food waste 0.28


Sludge’s 0.92



Factor


Green/ garden wastes- not compacted

0.24


Green/ garden wastes- compacted

0.61


Oils and fats 0.61

Mixed (ordinary) wastes

Mixed waste similar to municipal waste – compacted

0.26

Mixed (ordinary) wastes

Mixed waste with similar profile to mixed municipal waste

0.11

Common sludge’s Sludge’s 0.92

Mineral wastes Slags (e.g. furnace slags) 1.08

Mineral wastes Waste gravel, crushed rocks and other mineral wastes

1.23

Mineral wastes Flue- gas dust and similar 0.74

Mineral wastes Ash and boiler dust 0.5


Appendix 10 Standard items

SOC Group SOC Sub Group Item Item

Weight (kg)

Metallic Wastes Metallic wastes Drums, steel, empty 200l 18

Non- metallic wastes Rubber Tyre- car 10

Non- metallic wastes Rubber Tyre- commercial vehicle 30

Non- metallic wastes Plastic Drums, plastic, empty ca 200l 10

Non- metallic wastes Plastic IBC, empty ca 1,000l 70

Non- metallic wastes wood Pallet 20

Discarded equipment Batteries Battery- car 18

Discarded equipment Batteries Battery – commercial vehicle 25

Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Mattress 40

Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Furniture – office 25

Discarded equipment Other discarded equipment Chairs - office 12

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Fluorescent tube 1

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Computer - full 28

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Dishwasher 50

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Washing machine 75

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Freezer 45

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Fridge 45

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Microwave cooker 17

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Photocopier 50

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Printer- for computer 6

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Television set 20

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Video recorder 11

Discarded equipment WEEE (other requirement) Cooker 52.5


Appendix 11 Lessons learned The survey was planned and issues considered following previous Environment Agency Wales surveys that had been undertaken. However, below are particular survey issues that were identified in this survey that may want to be considered in any future surveys. Corporate Data For some businesses, such as supermarkets or multi-outlet operations such as post offices or water utility sites, because of back hauling of waste to distribution centres or central management of waste contracts, data on waste generation is not held by individual locations. In such cases, data can often be collected centrally from regional or national business managers. However, caution has to be employed in using this data. The source or robustness of this data is not always obvious. It potentially can dominate waste generation in individual bricks in the sample frame and will have a negative impact on the random sampling methodology employed upon which the sampling methodology relies. This needs monitoring closely and augmented significantly by data from other businesses and sources so that the potential negative aspects of corporate data are minimised. Timescales for Quality Assurance of data Checks on the waste data collected during the survey visits were on-going throughout the survey. This was planned for at the start of the survey. However, it was necessary to undertake extensive quality assurance checks on the data once it had been grossed-up to National and regional level in Wales. This was in relation to the previous 2007 I&C survey, business population data and other data sets and was to make sure we were confident with the results of the survey. This took much longer than we had planned, and therefore would recommend for future surveys that at least 3-4 months is allowed for these checks to be undertaken.


Appendix 12 Data Grossing Methodology The process of extrapolating the waste generation of surveyed businesses to estimate total waste generation at a national or local authority level is termed ‘grossing up’. As the survey followed a sample frame structured by sector ( s ) and size band (b ), the grossing

up methodology was also performed on a brick by brick basis. 1. National methodology

For each brick ( sb ) the average sample weight per business wsb was calculated by

dividing the total sample weight wsb by the number of sampled businesses nsb :

sb

sbsb

n

w w

The grossed up weight for each brick Wsb was then calculated by multiplying the

population N sb by the average sample weight per business wsb :

sb

sbsbsbsbsb

n

wNwNW

The grossed up weights for each brick Wsb were then added together to give the grand

total grossed up weight W :

s,b

sbWW

The same approach was used for grossing up a particular category of waste (e.g. a

particular waste type); the only difference being that wsb represents the total sample

weight for that category. 2. Local methodology

The grossed up weight for a particular sector, band and local authority ( Wsbl ) was

calculated as the sum of (i) the total sample weight at the sampled businesses in that local

authority wsbl , and (ii) the national average sample weight per business wsb times the

number of unsurveyed businesses in that local authority sblsbl nN :

sbsblsblsbl

sb

sbsblsbl sblsbl wnNw

n

wnNw W

)(

Thus, the waste generation from unsurveyed businesses were estimated by the national average for that brick.


The national grossed up weight for each local authority Wl was calculated as the sum of

the grossed up weight for each brick:

bs

sbll W W,

The estimates for each local authority were then aggregated up to a regional level. The same approach was used for grossing up a particular category of waste (e.g. a

particular waste type); the only difference being that wsbl and wsb represented the total

sample weight for that category. 3. Special businesses The three ‘special’ businesses in Band 10 were grossed up separately, which means that their waste arisings were not extrapolated in the usual way but instead added directly to the grossed up total. 4. Corporate data A small number of surveyed businesses proactively and systematically gather data on environmental performance at a corporate level, rather than on a site by site basis, and were therefore able to provide centrally held data for multiple local units. Whilst this additional data is welcome, it violates the basic assumption of random sampling and carries the risk that the survey results could be skewed towards the waste management practices of such businesses. To mitigate this risk, mean waste arisings were calculated for each brick with and without the inclusion of corporate data and waste types and disposal routes were also compared to ensure that any corporate data included in the grossing up calculations was broadly representative of that produced by other companies in the same brick. Although the corporate data generally had lower tonnages than non-corporate data, the corporate data did not dominate the results for any brick and was not obviously atypical, given the wide variability among local units. On this basis, it was decided to include and gross up all the corporate data. 5. Estimating N

The total population of businesses in each brick and local authority sblN was supplied by

ONS. Of the 1537 businesses surveyed, 201 (13%) were found to be in the wrong sector or size band and the ONS population figures were adjusted accordingly. For example, if

sblN = 100, and 4 out of 10 businesses surveyed were mis-classified, then sblN was re-

estimated as: 100 – 4 = 96. This correction was necessary to avoid numerous instances where there were more businesses surveyed than listed on the ONS database.


Consideration was given to adjusting the ONS population figures in proportion to the

misclassifications in the survey dataset; for example, if sblN =100, and 4 out of 10

businesses surveyed were mis-classified, then sblN would be re-estimated as: 100 * (10 –

4) /10 = 60. This correction was not implemented, however, as it was felt that the small sample sizes in each brick gave an unreliable estimate of the proportion of businesses that were mis-classified, which could lead to even less reliable population figures. 6. Unsurveyed bricks Three bricks were empty (i.e. the ONS population was zero). Due to difficulties in recruiting businesses, a further six bricks had no businesses surveyed (Table 24). The average weight of waste per business in these bricks was estimated from a neighbouring brick (usually the next smallest size band in the same sector). No adjustments were made to the figures to account for differences among size bands because the number of companies and the tonnages involved were small. Table 24: Bricks where no businesses could be surveyed

Brick No.

No. of businesses in population

Sector Size band

Size band from which substitute data taken

15 2 Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products

100-249 50-99

33 1 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products

1-2 5-9


3-4 5-9


10-19 5-9

56 1 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

250+ 100-249

83 16 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

5-9 3-4

7. Quality assurance checks In addition to screening the data for outliers, a range of additional checks were carried out on the grossed up results to flag up inconsistencies and individual waste streams that


needed checking. In response to these checks, a number of surveyed businesses were contacted by phone by Urban Mines to check and confirm or change key data. Specifically, the following checks were undertaken. (1) Sensitivity analysis A sensitivity analysis was undertaken using the grossed up data to identify the waste streams that had the greatest influence on national and sectoral waste totals. The accuracy of the information for these waste streams was checked with the businesses surveyed (i.e. correct size band, reported tonnages, waste types and management methods). (2) ‘Special’ business checks Checks were undertaken to identify and investigate any businesses that had unusually high waste arisings compared with others in the same brick to see whether they were unique and could be treated as ‘special’ companies and grossed up separately. Apart from the three businesses identified at the outset of the project, no other special businesses were found. (3) Comparison of 2012 results with 2007 I&C survey results, Population Data and Index of Production Both the 2007 and 2012 I&C surveys reported waste generated by SIC Code 2007. The totals and sub-totals of the two datasets were compared and statistically significant differences between the two surveys were identified. These differences were resolved following comparisons with population data or checks made with businesses on the 2012 waste data. The index of production1, which looks at the output of industrial and commercial sectors in Wales, was also compared between 2007 and 2012 as this may affect the waste generation of sectors and therefore assist in interpreting trends. The 2007 survey estimated that 3.57 million tonnes of waste was generated in Wales compared to 3.66 million tonnes in 2012 (excluding non-wastes). Extrapolating the 2007 I&C survey dataset to the 2012 ONS population figures resulted in a very similar Wales overall tonnage at 5.4 million tonnes compared to 2012 survey figures of 5.8 million tonnes (including non-wastes). The difference can be explained by the 2012 survey having a wider scope than in 2007 in the recording of non-wastes (i.e. recording materials directly re-used at the site that they were produced wherever possible).

1 Published by StatsWales “Index of Production and Index of Construction for Wales”


The ability to compare the 2007 and 2012 I&C results is constrained by the precision achieved by the two surveys. Both surveys have a certain margin of error, so differences between the 2007 and 2012 survey will sometimes be due to sampling error rather than a genuine change in waste generation or management. Once the data was finalised, further statistical work was conducted to compare the headline I&C 2012 results with the I&C 2007 results to identify any statistically significant differences using a two sample t-test. Table 25 summarises the results and highlights the p values that were statistically significant (less than 0.05). These were the preparation for re-use, recycling and composting rate for commercial sectors, the landfill rate for the commercial sectors and the landfill rate for the industrial and commercial sectors combined. All other p values in table 25 were greater than 0.05 and therefore the differences were not statistically significant for the other headline results. Table 25: Statistically significant difference t-test results

Headline result Type 2007 2012 t value* p value

Quantity of waste (thousands of

tonnes)

Industrial 1896 2001 0.44 0.66

Commercial 1677 1665 0.09 0.93

Industrial & Commercial combined 3573 3666 0.40 0.69

Preparation for reuse, recycling & composting rate

(%)

Industrial 59.5 49.6 1.35 0.18

Commercial 37.5 67.8 5.17 <0.01

Industrial & Commercial combined 49.1 57.9 1.86 0.06

Landfill rate (%)

Industrial 29.0 26.7 1.08 0.28

Commercial 50.5 25.8 5.97 <0.01

Industrial & Commercial combined 39.1 26.3 6.93 <0.01

* Significance was assessed using a two sample t-test, assuming a sample size of n=1500 in each year. Variances were generally equal across the two years.

(4) Comparison with other Natural Resources Wales Datasets Natural Resources Wales (NRW) compared the grossed up survey data against permitted site returns for landfills and incineration and data from the Hazardous Waste Interrogator. The inferred Industrial & Commercial proportion from NRW landfill site 2012 returns was 960 thousand tonnes, which is very similar to the survey result of 963 thousand tonnes landfilled (within a 1% discrepancy). NRW hazardous waste data estimated that 275 thousand tonnes of hazardous waste was generated in Wales in 2012. Combining the hazardous waste generated industrial and commercial survey estimation of 239 thousand tonnes and Construction & Demolition survey estimation of 38 thousand tonnes (separately reported) produced an estimated total of 276 thousand tonnes from both


surveys. This is less than a 1% discrepancy with the NRW hazardous waste dataset and therefore further supports the survey results. The NRW incinerator site returns were lower at 59,000 tonnes compared to 143,000 tonnes in the survey results. However the incinerator returns do not take into account waste from Wales being sent for incineration to England or facilities that burned waste from their own in-house processes etc. Industrial facilities regulated under the PPC Regulations (Environmental Permitting Regulations (England and Wales) 2010) are required to submit a pollution inventory (PI) return to Natural Resources Wales on an annual basis. For those industrial businesses that had submitted a PI return and agreed to take part in the survey, both sets of data were compared to identify any discrepancies. Overall the majority of businesses revealed little difference between both sets of data, but a few significant differences were identified and checked. The following changes were made as a result of these checks.

One company had a large discrepancy between the surveyed tonnages and PI records. Despite making a series of follow-up calls, it was not possible to make contact with the company to check the validity of the survey data, so this data was also added directly rather than grossed up.

A depot receiving waste from a chain of stores in South Wales was excluded from the grossing up calculations because it was not possible to distinguish the back-hauled material from waste generated at the depot itself, and it was not possible to link the survey data back to individual stores.

If follow-up enquiries revealed the data to be accurate, or if the data could not be verified but had a limited impact on the overall results, then it was grossed up in the usual way, even if this occasionally yielded results with poor precision. For example, a small tyre retailer in the Wholesale and Retail sector producing a modest quantity of rubber waste lead, after grossing up, to a high estimate of total rubber waste in that sector. Without knowing how many companies with similar operations exist in that brick, we had no way of knowing how representative the surveyed company was. To exclude or directly add in the data risked under-estimating total waste generated for that brick, so we instead accepted the risk that rubber waste may have been over-estimated as a result of random sampling error. 8. Assessment of uncertainty For the national estimates, the variance in the grossed up weight for each brick

WVar sb )( was estimated by:


2

1

)()( sb

sb

sbsb

sb

sbisb N

N

nN

n

wVarWVar

where wVar sbi)( is the variance in the weight of waste among the nsb businesses in that

brick and

1sb

sbsb

N

nNis a finite population correction factor that ensures that the variance is

zero when all the businesses in a brick have been surveyed (i.e. Nn sbsb ).

It was not possible to calculate a variance for the 15 bricks where just one business was surveyed. In these bricks, the variance was instead estimated from the average tonnage using the formula:

284.0)( sbsb wWVar

where 0.84 is the average coefficient of variation across all bricks with at least two

sampled businesses and wsb is the average sample weight per business in that brick (i.e.

the tonnage for the one surveyed company). The variance in the grand total grossed up weight WVar )( was then estimated by summing

the variances for all bricks:

bs

sbWVarWVar,

)()(

This variance was then converted to a measure of precision ( W , %):

W

WVarW

)(65.1100

where 1.65 is a multiplier to give the precision at 90% confidence (i.e. we can be 90%

confident that the true value of W lies within ± W %).

A similar set of calculations were done for the local estimates. Here, the waste of the surveyed businesses is known without error, so the only uncertainty arises from the unsurveyed businesses. The variance in the grossed up weight for each sector, band and

local authority WVar sbl )( was estimated by:

21

)()( sblsbl

sb

sbsb

sb

sbisbl nN

N

nN

n

wVarWVar


The variance in the grand total grossed up weight for that local authority WVar l )( was

estimated by summing the variances for all bricks:

bs

sbll WVarWVar,

)()(

and then converted to a measure of precision ( W , %):

l

l

WW

WVar )(65.1100

Note that these precision calculations take into account only the uncertainty arising from random sampling error; it was assumed that all surveyed weights and the ONS population figures were correct. It was also assumed that all surveyed weights are normally distributed and independent.


Appendix 13 Glossary and abbreviations Statistical Terminology Brick (cell) A cell in the sample matrix, referring to a particular combination of size

band and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC).

Confidence Quoted in conjunction with a measure of precision, confidence is a

measure of how confident one is in the reliability of an estimated quantity.

For example, if total waste arisings were estimated with a precision of +/-

4.7% at 90% confidence, then we can be 90% confident that the true

(unknown) total waste arisings are within +/- 4.7% of the estimated value.

Grossing (data) In the context of this survey, data grossing means extrapolating the

survey data to estimate the total waste generated by a national aor

regional population.

GUW Grossed Up Weight

Mean This is a measure of the central tendency or location of the population or

sample data. It is the sum of the data values divided by the number of

observations. If the data set is from a sample, then it is a sample mean

and if it is from a population, it is a population mean.

Outlier This is an observation in a set of data that is far removed in value from the

others in the same data set. It is an unusually large or small value

compared to others.

Population A complete set of all units (i.e. people, places, objects or many other

things) being studied and from which data is collected, described and

conclusions drawn. In this report, the population is the collection of all

businesses in Wales included in the scope of the survey.

Sample Matrix/ Sample Frame A table that indicates how many businesses are to be sampled from the

population. The sample matrix is divided into a number of bricks.

Size Band A classification of business size based upon the actual number of

employees employed by the business on site.


Standard Deviation Standard deviation measures the spread of the data set about the mean

value. It is used to summarise how much variability there is in a sample or

population.


Waste Management Terminology

Anaerobic Digestion

The turning of organic waste into soil conditioner using the process of

biodegradation without oxygen. This composting method also produces

methane.

Animal by Products (ABP)

Regulations

Animal carcasses, parts of carcasses or products of animal origin that are

not intended for human consumption. The regulations govern the

processing of the wastes from animal sources to prevent cross

contamination.

Biodegradable

Materials that break down through natural processes.

Commercial Waste Waste generated from premises that are used wholly or mainly for trade,

business, sport, recreation or entertainment, excluding household and

industrial waste (as defined in the Environmental Protection Act 1990).

Composting

The controlled biological decomposition and stabilisation of biodegradable

materials (such as organic garden and kitchen wastes) under

predominantly aerobic conditions to produce humus (organic) rich,

sanitised and stabilised product that can be beneficial to soil.

Construction or demolition

waste

Generated from the construction, repair, maintenance and demolition of

buildings. It mainly includes bricks, concrete, sub soil and top soil but may

also include wood, metal and plastics.

Energy from Waste (EfW)

This is the production of energy from waste. This can be in the form of

burning solid waste in an incinerator or collecting gases such as methane

from landfill sites. The heat produced is used to make electricity.

European Waste Catalogue

(EWC) Code

A substance and activity oriented classification of waste in 20 Chapters.

European Waste Catalogue

for Statistics (EWC STAT)

A (mainly) substance oriented statistical classification (SOC) of waste

used for reporting waste statistics to the European Union.

Exempt Waste Waste handled by activities that are exempt from environmental

permitting.


Fly tipping

Waste which is dumped illegally by householders or businesses. This can

be anything from old furniture to bags of waste or cars. Fly tipping is

illegal and can carry a fine, or in some cases a more serious punishment.

Gasification

Generated

Thermal treatment that involves heating waste in the presence of oxygen

to recover energy in the form of gas.

The amount of waste produced by the activity of a sector over a set period

of time.

Hazardous waste

Waste that is hazardous or contains hazardous substances, these are

listed in the EU hazardous waste directory. This is waste that is reactive,

toxic, corrosive or otherwise dangerous to living things and/ or the

environment.

Household waste

This includes waste thrown in bins at home and collected by the local

council. Also, litter collection and street sweepings, garden waste, waste

from civic amenity sites and waste collected for recycling or composting

from domestic properties.

Industrial waste

Waste from a factory (within the meaning of the Factories Act 1961) or

from any premises used for, or in connection with

Provision of public transport

Public supply of gas, water, electricity or sewerage services

Provision to the public of postal or communication services

Inert Waste

Chemically inert, non-combustible, non-biodegradable and non-polluting

waste defined in the EU Directive on the Landfill of Waste. For example

bricks.

Landfilling The final disposal of solid waste by placing it in a controlled fashion in a

place intended to be permanent.

Non- wastes

Natural Resources Wales, Environment Agency and WRAP (Waste

Resources Action Programme) have reviewed and amended the legal

classification of a number of materials including blast furnace slag and

virgin timber, from waste to by-product, with clarification from the EU, and

through consultation with industry, as part of the “Waste Protocols


Preparation for re-use

Project”. A quality protocol gives guidance on how to recover waste,

remove it from the regulatory regime and unnecessary regulations. In the

context of this report, such wastes are described as “non- wastes”.

Checking, cleaning or repairing recovery operations, by which products or

components of products that have become waste are prepared so that

they can be re-used without any other pre-processing.

Producer responsibility

This is a type of law that makes the people who produce items e.g.

manufacturers, responsible the disposal/recycling of the item when it is no

longer of use. The packaging waste regulations are an example of

producer responsibility law. Many supermarkets are now realising their

responsibility and recycling plastic bags for example.

Putrescible

Liable to rot or decompose, the best example being food waste.

Pyrolysis

Recovery

Pyrolysis, often incorporating gasification, is a thermal process where

organic materials in the waste are broken down under pressure and in the

absence of oxygen. The process works best when the input waste is

carbon-rich, preferably sorted or pre-sorted. The Pyrolysis process

produces a liquid residue and gaseous output which may be combusted

to generate electricity.

‘Other recovery’ is any operation meeting the definition for ‘recovery’

under the Waste Framework Directive but failing to comply with the

specific requirements for preparation for re-use or for recycling e.g. land

recovery and incineration with energy recovery.

Recyclables Materials that still have useful physical or chemical properties after

serving their original purpose and that can, therefore, be re-used or

remanufactured into additional products.

Recycle

Any recovery operation by which waste materials are reprocessed into

products, materials or substances whether for the original or other

purposes. It includes the reprocessing of organic material but does not

include energy recovery and the reprocessing into materials that are to be

used as fuels or for backfilling operations


Re-use

The act of using an item more than once. For example, many

supermarkets now have carrier bags which you can use over and over

again, and some businesses deliver goods in reusable plastic crates. The

key difference between ‘re-use‘ and ‘preparing for re-use‘ is that in the

former case the material or object has not become a waste, whereas in

the case of ‘preparing for re-use’, the material in question has become

waste in the meaning of the waste definition

Thermal treatment A broad generic term covering processes that involve the use of heat to

treat waste. Incineration is the most common thermal treatment process.

Pyrolysis and gasification are other high temperature processes used, for

example, in technologies producing refuse derived fuel.

Transfer Station A site to which waste is delivered for sorting and compacting prior to

transfer to another place for recycling, treatment or disposal.

Waste Any substance or object in the categories set out in Annex 1 of the Waste

Framework Directive (91/156/EEC), which the holder discards or intends

or is required to discard.

Wastes In the context of this report, wastes which are controlled under the EU

Waste Framework Directive i.e. not including “non- wastes”.

Waste minimisation The process of reducing the amount of waste that is disposed of whether

by businesses or households.

Waste Statistics Regulations EU regulations that require Member States to report data on waste

generation and treatment to the European Commission every two years.

WEEE

Waste Electronic & Electrical Equipment

WRAP

Waste Resources Action Programme.

UK Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) Code

UK Classification system for economic activities

Survey of Industrial & Commercial Waste Generated in Wales … · Wales Industrial and Commercial...

Documents

Transcript of Survey of Industrial & Commercial Waste Generated in Wales … · Wales Industrial and Commercial...