20100930 www.fireball4smartcities.eu

Smart to Future Cities Achieving smart, sustainable and inclusive growth

Dave Carter, Honorary Knowledge Exchange Fellow, Planning & Environmental Management, University of Manchester

Chair, European Connected Smart Cities Network (2010-15)

Manchester City Council:Head, Manchester Digital Development Agency - MDDA (2004-2014)Head, Economic Development (2002-2004)Economic Development Team (1987-2002)

20100930 www.fireball4smartcities.eu

Policy drivers:Smart City Agendas• UN Agenda 21 – ’smart growth’ 1992• Telecities (part of Eurocities) set up in 1993• European Inter-Regional Information Society Initiative (IRISI) 1994• UK Digital Strategy 2005 – Digital Agenda for Europe 2010• Smart, inclusive & sustainable growth• Green & Digital• Transformational services• e-Government to Smart Government• Future Internet enabled services in Smart Cities

• Internet of Things + Cloud + Open Data + 3D printing + nano.........

Manchester City Region

• Manchester a city of 530,000+ and growing• Greater Manchester (ten boroughs / local

authorities) 2.75 million people (1,276 sq. km.)

Innovation, Creativity and Diversity“Technology, Talent and Tolerance” Richard Florida.

• Responding to the economic and social challenges of Manchester in

the mid-1980s• industrial restructuring and economic collapse

• social unrest, dysfunction and injustice

• governance polarisation and policy conflicts

• Major urban regeneration programmes

• 1980 pop = 400,000 and falling: 2017 pop = 530,000+ and rising

• 1990s – emerging creative, cultural & digital agendas

• Open networking: public sector, business & community partnerships

• Linking ideas for growth to sustainability & inclusiveness

• generating globally relevant skills and jobs locally and creating

pathways to employment for local people

30+ years of online global networking .....

The Velletri AgreementStatement of Purpose• A wide range of NGOs met in Velletri, Italy, from 2 to 7 October 1984 to discuss specific

follow–up activity to the Documentation for Change meeting held in Lisbon Portugal in January 1982. The Velletri meeting focused on the recommendation “to establish a network of groups exploring the use of new information technologies for the exchange of feasibility studies, and experiences and findings.”

• The Velletri group was composed of representatives of grass–roots development action related information and documentation centers working at national and international level throughout the world.

See: “Interdoc: The first international non-governmental computer network”, Brian Martin Murphy, 2005. http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1239/1159%20Interdoc

First global meeting of digital activists (probably …) 1984 in Velletri, Italy

From polarisation to partnerships:• Digital pioneers influenced the City’s Economic Development

Strategy from 1989 onwards:• Manchester Host, Electronic Village Halls, Community Information

Network, Digital Arts Projects, Creative Industries, “24 hour city”

• 1990s – convergent creative, cultural & digital agendas• Regional networking – Manchester and Liverpool

• European networking – EUROCITIES, Telecities, city partnerships: Amsterdam’s De Digitale Stad (DDS), Barcelona’s City Network (BCN)

• 2000s - Open networks, open source, open data

• Opening up the city• public participation (from Olympic Bids to city centre reconstruction)

• creating new environments for more open innovation and experimentation

• new European partnerships and city networking (European Network of

Living Labs – Manchester a founder member in 2006)

• new cultural infrastructures (festivals, art galleries, cultural centres)

Smart City: Vision + Aspiration + Action

Transformation of original modern industrial

cities to creative, innovative divercities ……..

• Future cities – future governance• city-region – emergence of the “Northern Powerhouse” idea

• election of Metro City Mayor – May 4th 2017

• consensus or contention?

• investment and austerity

• a crowded agenda

• ensuring innovation remains a priority

Shaping the future: Manchester 2025• A thriving and sustainable city• A highly skilled city• A progressive and equitable city • A liveable and low-carbon city• A connected cityhttp://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/500313/the_manchester_strategy

IERC

Smart Cities – good practice examples

Mobility, energy, smart buildings,lighting, e-health, service assistants, channel shift, sensors, mobile, flexible working, e-learning, open data, Living Labs, e-infrastructures, e-government …….

3P to 4P – People (led) Public Private Partnerships

“The City as public good” http://www.cityofsound.com/blog/2013/02/on-the-smart-city-a-call-for-smart-citizens-instead.html

• redefining smart cities for smart citizens

• engaging with citizens and generating awareness

• linking smart business with smart consumers

• demonstrating practical improvements in quality of life

• making smart cities fun

City as catalyst and enabler• New collaborations, institutions and autonomous

spaces

New Creative Spaces and Innovation Ecosystems

MadLab - Manchester Digital Lab

Stimulating:• new ideas

• new business

• new skills

• new jobs

http://madlab.org.uk/

Hackspace Manchester

L’Ateneu de fabricació – BarcelonaAtheneums of Fabrication – Fab Labs to Fab Cities

First year: 200+ activities with 6,000+ peoplehttp://ateneusdefabricacio.barcelona.cat/

Living Labs &Fab Labs to Living Cities & Fab Cities ….

Working Futures for Future Cities• Economic change: an ongoing challenge for

urban development and regenerationImpact of job-stealing robots a growing concern at DavosREUTERS BUSINESS NEWS | Fri Jan 20, 2017 | 8:11am GMT“Open markets and global trade have been blamed for job losses over the last decade, but global CEOs say the real culprits are increasingly machines. … Adidas (ADSGn.DE), for example, aims to use 3-D printing in the manufacture of some running shoes. “Jobs will be lost, jobs will evolve and this revolution is going to be ageless, it's going to be classless and it's going to affect everyone," said Meg Whitman, chief executive of Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE.N).”

Robot revolution: rise of 'thinking' machines could exacerbate inequality“Global economy will be transformed over next 20 years at risk of growing inequality, say analysts.” Heather Stewart. The Guardian. Thurs. 5th Nov. 2015.

Rise of robots puts one-third of UK jobs at risk, warns thinktankLarry Elliott. The Guardian. Sat. 15th Apr. 2017.

Industry 4.0: Bigger Robots or Open Access Robotics?

“People’s attitudes towards trade shocks are being hardened by the effects of accelerating technological innovation. As my colleague Andy Haldane has explained, up to 15 million of the current jobs in Britain could be automated over time. The fundamental challenge is that, alongside its great benefits, every technological revolution mercilessly destroys jobs and livelihoods – and therefore identities – well before the new ones emerge.”

Mark Carney, Governor of the Bank of England Speech in Liverpool. Dec. 5th 2016.

“Henry Ford, whatever you think of him politically or as a person, did have a good insight into how to take care of his workers. He said that he would pay his workers enough money that they could afford the cars that they themselves were making.” Anthony Scaramucci, Advisor to President Trump. Speaking at WEF, Davos, Tues. Jan. 17th 2017.

“The fourth industrial revolution, just like all the others, will lead to a growth spurt. But the last big epoch of technological change was accompanied by political change that ensured those making the cars, washing machines and TV sets could also buy them. Full employment policies, capital controls, progressive income tax and strong trade unions ensured that this was the case.” Larry Elliott. The Guardian. Mon. Jan. 23rd 2017.

Public Policy Implications• Planning for change• Jobs and skills in transition• Spaces to experiment• Public engagement• Change leaders and mentors• New urban environments• Creativity as catalyst

Digital Production, the Internet of Things and the ‘New Hardware Movement’

Why the Internet of Things isn’t the same

as the new hardware movementCheap, accessible, open hardware is driving the IoT.by Jon Bruner | @JonBruner | +Jon Bruner | Comments: 13 | June 4, 2015

http://radar.oreilly.com/2015/06/why-the-internet-of-things-isnt-

the-same-as-the-new-hardware-movement.html

User generated models for innovation and change:• Pop up factories - http://solidcon.com/internet-of-things-2015/public/content/popup-factory

• Why Bio is the new Digital – Joi Ito (MIT) - http://solidcon.com/internet-of-things-

2015/public/schedule/detail/42570

• ‘DIY-Bio’ - http://diybio.org/

• Sustainable, Programmable Bottom-up Manufacturing http://www.oreilly.com/iot/free/bottom-up-manufacturing.csp

• Craft + Technology = “Cottage Industry 4.0”

http://thethingsnetwork.org/ Hax – “the world’s first and largest crowdfunded hardware accelerator https://hax.co/

Smart practical lessons for the cities of now

• Planning for change: new collaborations thinking about future scenarios

• Jobs and skills in transition: access to training and start up opportunities

• Spaces to experiment: co-working, co-production, co-location

• Public engagement: participatory planning, budgeting and service delivery

• Change leaders and mentors: find and support committed people from the

city/region, business, not-for profit sectors as well as from local communities

• New urban environments: innovative and participatory design to create new

urban areas and spaces for creating parts of the ‘future city’ today (or tomorrow …)

• Creativity as catalyst: thinking innovation and technology through the eyes,

minds and hands of people engaging in art, culture, creative practice and having fun …

IERC

Networking the networks• Connected Smart Cities Network –

Open & Agile Smart Cities (OASC)http://oascities.org/

http://openlivinglabs.eu/news/connected-smart-cities-conference-2017

• Future Internet

EUROCITIES, European Network of Living Labs

(ENoLL), Future Internet Assembly (FIA), Digital Agenda for Europe

• www.eurocities.eu

• www.openlivinglabs.eu

• www.future-internet.eu

• https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/europe-2020-strategy

• Smart Cities & Communities• http://ec.europa.eu/eip/smartcities/

Thinking global and acting local ….

http://synchronicity-iot.eu/

Thank You!dave.carter@manchester.ac.ukhttp://www.mui.manchester.ac.uk/research/themes/smart-cities-and-transitions/