SACCONE POWERPOINT NYS Lab Beaks of Finches SACCONE POWERPOINT.
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST Chapter 18 Human Respiration.
-
Upload
alexander-lawrence -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of SACCONE IS THE COOLEST Chapter 18 Human Respiration.
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Chapter 18
Human
Respiration
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Human Respiration Involves the process of cellular
respiration and gas exchange
a) cellular respiration:
glucose + O2 H2O + CO2 + 36 ATP’s
b) gas exchange:
exchange of gases between the internal and external environment with
the use of lungs
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
(I) Human Respiratory System
Composed of a network of passageways which permits air to flow from the external
environment and into the lungs
Human Respiratory System
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Nasal Cavity The nose Lined with a ciliated mucus
membrane The cilia and mucus: 1. Filters air 2. Warms air 3. Moistens air
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Pharynx
Known as the throat regionIt is an area in which both air
and food pass through
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Larynx Also called the Adam’s apple Humans use the larynx as a
voice box which contains vocal cords that vibrate and produce sound as air passes through
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Epiglottis
A cartilaginous flapIt “covers” the trachea when
swallowing food
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Trachea Known as the windpipe Kept open by rings of
cartilage Lined with a ciliated mucus
membrane One cigarette paralyzes the
cilia for 20 minutes
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Bronchi Bronchus = singular Trachea divides into two major
divisions known as bronchi The bronchi contain cartilage
rings as well The bronchi subdivide many
times forming smaller tubules known as bronchioles
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Bronchioles
Lack cartilage ringsTiny bronchioles subdivide
and terminate (end) with structures known as alveoli
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Alveoli Are thin, moist and surrounded by
capillaries Are the functional units for gas
exchange between the lung and the blood
Alveoli increase surface area for gas exchange
O2 diffuses into the blood from the alveoli and CO2 and water diffuse out of the blood and into the alveoli
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Diaphragm
Muscle that forms the floor of the chest cavity
Aids in the breathing process
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
(II) Breathing Process Lungs are highly elastic (stretchable) Breathing is controlled by the medulla Movement of the diaphragm and ribcage
causes pressure change in the chest cavity which moves air into and out of the lungs
The breathing rate is controlled by the concentration of CO2 in the blood
Inhalation- breathe in Exhalation- breathe out
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
(IV) Gas Exchange1. In the blood, hemoglobin binds
with oxygen from the alveoli to form oxyhemoglobin (HbO2)
2. Carbon dioxide is carried primarily in the plasma of the blood in the form of bicarbonate ions (HCO3)
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Diseases of the
Respiratory System
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the membrane of the bronchial
tubes
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Asthma
An allergic response characterized by
constriction of the bronchial tubes
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Emphysema Disease in which the walls of
the alveoli breakdown, decreasing surface area for
gas exchange Characterized by shortness of
breath, difficulty in breathing, and decreased lung capacity
SACCONE IS THE COOLEST
Pneumonia
The alveoli become filled with fluid, preventing gas
exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries