S KIN AND BODY MEMBRANES. D ERMIS Two layers Papillary layer (upper dermal region) Reticular layer...
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Transcript of S KIN AND BODY MEMBRANES. D ERMIS Two layers Papillary layer (upper dermal region) Reticular layer...
SKIN AND BODY MEMBRANES
DERMIS
Two layers
Papillary layer (upper dermal region)
Reticular layer (deepest skin layer)
DERMIS Papillary layer (upper
dermal region)
Projections called dermal papillae
Capillary loops
Pain receptors and touch receptors
DERMIS
Reticular layer (deepest skin layer)
Blood vessels
Sweat and oil glands
Deep pressure receptors
DERMIS OVERVIEW
Collagen fibers give skin its toughness
Elastic fibers give skin elasticity
Blood vessels play a role in body temperature regulation
SKIN APPENDAGES
Glands Hair Hair follicles Nails
SEBACEOUS GLANDS Produce oil
Keep skin lubricated Kills bacteria
Glands are activated at puberty
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
SWEAT GLANDS
Produce sweat
Widely distributed in skin
Two types Eccrine
Open via duct to pore on skin surface Apocrine
Ducts empty into hair follicles
SWEAT GLANDS
HAIR
Produced by hair follicle Consists of hard keratinized epithelial cells Melanocytes provide pigment for hair color
HAIR
Hair follicle- shaft, follicle (root)
medulla (inner), cortex (outer), cuticle (cover)
Growth- 4 in./year or 2 mm/week
HAIR
Associated hair structures
Hair follicle
Arrector pili muscle
Sebaceous gland
Sweat gland
NAILS
Scale-like modifications of the epidermis Heavily keratinized (very hard)
NAILS
Consists of:free edgeBodyRootCuticleLunula
Growth- 0.5 mm/week
NAILS
NAILS
Did you know that your fingernails grow much faster than your toe nails?
3-4 times faster!
NAILS
Related to length of outermost finger bone Blood flow Use-stimulates growth
SKIN INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIES
Contact dermatitis Exposures cause allergic reaction
Cold sores Caused by virus
Impetigo Caused by bacterial infection
Psoriasis Cause is unknown Triggered by trauma, infection, stress
SKIN INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIES
BURNS
Burns Tissue damage and cell death caused by heat,
electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals
BURNS
Associated dangers Dehydration Electrolyte imbalance Circulatory shock
RULE OF NINES
Way to determine the extent of burns
Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimation
Each area represents about 9% of total body surface area
RULE OF NINES
SEVERITY OF BURNS
First-degree burns Only epidermis is damaged Skin is red and swollen
Second-degree burns Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged Skin is red with blisters
Third-degree burns Destroys entire skin layer Burn is gray-white or black
SEVERITY OF BURNS
CRITICAL BURNS
Burns are considered critical if Over 25% of body has second-degree burns Over 10% of the body has third-degree burns There are third-degree burns of the face, hands,
or feet