ROAD SAFETY CHALLENGES & THE

IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS AND

CO-ORDINATION

2 0 1 2 I N D O N E S I A N D E L E G A T I O N

F A C T F I N D I N G M I S S I O N

R A Y S H U E Y A . P. M .

R O A D S A F E T Y S P E C I A L I S T

1

THE IMPORTANCE OF PARTNERSHIPS

Historic Perspective Australia/Victoria

Road Safety Issues in Indonesia – Personal observations

What has worked well in Australia?

What have been the challenges in Australia?

Our future directions?

Can these lessons, strategies, programs apply to the Indonesian road safety environment?

2

AUSTRALIA - BACKGROUND Population:

Australia – 23 million

Victoria – 5.5 million

Victoria has:

4.8 million registered vehicles

3.6 million licensed drivers

201,000 kilometres of road

460 million tons of freight moved annually

Road Fatalities:

287 fatalities last year (lowest on record)

5.1 Deaths per 100,000 population

Efforts to achieve an international low rate:

Highly visible police enforcement

Strengthen Partnerships

3.5 million breath tests annually

High media profile, advertising, awareness

Continuous community education

3

INTERNATIONAL ROAD SAFETY AIM

“Reduce Incidence, Severity and Cost to the Community of Road Crashes”

INDONESIA - KEY ROAD SAFETY ISSUES

Huge country, growing population. Massive congestion issues

particularly in Jakarta

Increasing Road Trauma 30,000 deaths plus per annum

Road Users: 60%-70% motor cycle fatalities

Data & Analysis: Limited meaningful crash analysis capability

at both local and national level

No clear numbers on pedestrian casualties

Real causes of crashes – Investigation and analysis

Limited Interagency cooperation and collaboration – Who has

clear responsibility for what roles?

Driver attitude, behaviour and the driving culture

Road user discipline – driving offences to target

Speeding

Overloading

Red light running – Left on red? When safe?

Careless and Dangerous Driving

In some areas new roads create higher road safety risks

5

6

FOUNDATION ATTRIBUTES - INDONESIA

National Traffic Police

Very Disciplined Traffic Police Organisation

Very good Traffic Management Centre, GPS, CCTV

monitoring

Very good road development projects and black-spot

treatments

Very good public relations focus, public education

interface and the use of the media

New legislation to steer direction

Strong capacity building support from International

Agencies

An aim for continuous

improvement

7

ROAD SAFETY LEADERSHIP FROM

UNACCEPTABLE TRAUMA

Road Fatalities Australia 1925-2004

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Year Roadfatalities

Seat belts

1925

1970

20042011

8

VICTORIA’S ROAD SAFETY PERFORMANCE

8.16

6.70 6.89 6.85 6.57 6.36

5.69 5.33 5.17

8.98 8.62

8.19 8.35 8.12 8.10

7.18 7.33

6.42

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Fata

liti

es p

er

100,0

00 p

op

ula

tio

n

Year

Victorian fatality rates per 100,000 population

Victoria

Rest of Australia

9

1061

806 776

396 377

954

657

1970 1974

330

1989 1992 1997 2001

Cultural Change 02 03

397

444

Since 2001 cultural change has continued to be influence by:

Introducing Responsible Driving Legislation Dec. `01

Reducing Speed Threshold Enforcement Markers Feb. `02

1980

10

10 CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF ROAD

SAFETY

1. Situational analysis - What’s happening? Best data-crash causes?

2. Partnership profile - Collaboration

3. Working with the Community

4. Quality of your “strategic” plan

5. Media road safety profile

6. Enforcement & Education campaigns

7. Technology

8. Resources and logistics

9. Operational planning – effective?

10. Performance measures & evaluation 11

PARTNERSHIP PROFILE

ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE

Parliamentary Road Safety

Committee

Traffic Safety Education Group

Road Safety

Reference Group

National Issues

Community Road Safety Councils

Transport Accident

Commission

POLICE

Enforcement

and

Education

VICROADS

Roads

Authority

ROAD SAFETY Executive Group

ROAD SAFETY Management Group

Coordination by

VicRoads

Trauma & Emergency

Services

Local Government Authorities

MINISTERIAL COUNCIL FOR ROAD SAFETY

Minister for Transport Minister for Police & Emergency Services Minister responsible for Transport Accident Commission (Chairmanship will rotate)

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TRANSPORT ACCIDENT COMMISSION AT A GLANCE

Annual vehicle

registration

TAC Premiums

Road crashes

Care for accident victims

Road safety

programs

THE TOOLS USED TO ACHIEVE THIS

Market research and

evidence base

Penalties and legislation

Police enforcement

Public education

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EXAMPLE - DRINK DRIVING

Basis for action Around 20% of all fatalities can be

attributed to drink driving Low levels of alcohol can affect

driving skills Don’t have to be ‘drunk’ Minimise, preferably avoid, the use

of alcohol prior to driving Drinking and driving is socially

unacceptable Aim: to bring about a cultural

change in community attitudes Now - 20 years of Public Education

Only a little bit over, you bloody idiot

Public Attitude Surveys

Quality

Research

Change Driving Culture

• Reduced crashes

• Reduced injuries

• Reduced deaths

Community Partners

Commercial

Industry

Schools

Driving Schools

Strong Legislation

Effective laws Strong Judicial System

Registration Licensing

Stringent re-licensing provisions

Develop a sound

communication education and

awareness strategy

Government • Road Safety

Council, • Police, • Roads Authority

• Health • Infrastructure • Information

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TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION

MULTI-AGENCY & COORDINATED

Traffic Police – “Strategies and Rationale”

Media (Change from negative to positive) Planned programs – create awareness Children – all age groups (passengers & pedestrians) Community Groups – ownership of road safety. Police coach and help groups.

Pre-Driver Training Outcome – attitude & behavioural change

EXAMPLE

SPEEDING & CRASH RISK RESEARCH In a 60 km/h speed zone, research shows that for every increase in travel speed of 5 km/h above the 60 km/h limit, the risk of casualty crash involvement doubles

Kloeden, McLean, Moore, Ponte ‘Travelling Speed and the Risk of Crash Involvement, FORS

SPEEDING

EDUCATIONAL/ADVERTISING

TAC ‘Wipe off 5’ campaign –

3 phases

Enforcement: increase awareness of chance of detection

Instructional: provide rationale

Emotive: provide moral case

THE COMMUNITY MESSAGE

TECHNOLOGY & AUTOMATION

Certified lasers/radar, moving mode radar – “in car” videos

Digital Technology Speed cameras – mobile/fixed

Red light cameras

Speed on green intersection cameras

Time over extended distance (highway cameras)

Automatic Number Plate Recognition

Intelligent use of data – apply enforcement at the right time in the right location

Aim – collision prevention through law enforcement

THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF SAFETY

CAMERAS Sustainable change in driver behaviour

Reduce Average Speed & Red light running

Efficiency in Enforcement Processing

Intelligent use of data from the Cameras

USE ONLY GENERIC WARNINGS

Black Spot VS General Compliance

Revenue Raising VS ROAD SAFETY

EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT

STRATEGIES

Education preceding enforcement

Media parallel with enforcement

Mix targeted enforcement with random

Perception “Anywhere” “Anytime”

High visibility patrols mixed with covert fleet

Police – work in teams “saturation effect”

Apply “courtesy & explanation”

Publicize success

ENFORCEMENT STRATEGY

A. Collaborative

Dynamic

Outcome - focused

B. Intelligence led

Evidence-based

C. Flexible to address emerging issues e.g. drugs &

driving

4 Key Elements to any Enforcement Program – for effectiveness and success

1. Highly visible and active road policing

2. Repeating enforcement

operations often

3. Fair, strict and consistent

enforcement

4. Well publicised enforcement activities –

multiply enforcement effectiveness

ALL factors are vital to success. PERCEPTION: ANYWHERE/ANYTIME/ANYBODY – if you drink and drive you will be caught and punished

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COMMUNITY ATTITUDES

Persistent offenders

Need to modify attitude/behaviour

Law abiding drivers/riders

General Deterrence

Specific Deterrence

Target enforcement

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MAXIMISING COMMUNITY SELF-REGULATION

Command & Control

(Enforcement Only)

•Resistance to change

•Public denial of problem

•Short term behavioural

change only

•Many drivers will still take

the risk and drive whilst

impaired

Compliance

(Enforcement & Education)

•Self-regulation develops as

part of moral controls

•Fear of being caught, so will

not drink and drive

•Medium level behavioural

change

•Limited peer support to

monitor those who still drink

and drive

(Do only what is necessary!)

Partnerships &

Collaboration

•Proactive programs focused

on prevention and control

•Positively reinforcement,

reduced police intervention

required

•Strategic and long term

planning between

Government and Community

•Community monitoring of

driver behaviours

•Strong peer support for

safer driving behaviour

WHAT HAS WORKED WELL?

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Early Initiatives

• Increased fines and doubled the period of mandatory licence suspension (1978)

• Increased anti-drink driving publicity (1979)

• Introduced and promoted low alcohol beer (1979)

Legislation • Strong legislation to cover loopholes/excuses

Enforcement

•Funding support for police enforcement •Random roadside alcohol testing •High visibility police enforcement •High volume alcohol testing •Specialist Police Traffic Alcohol Unit

Mass Media Communication

• Graphic multi-million dollar publicity support

• Effective Education & Awareness Campaigns

• Common message “If you drink, then drive, you are a bloody idiot”

• Community engagement, education and emotion

Measurement and Evaluation

• Set targets

• Constant monitoring

• Measure outcomes

• Research and evaluation

WHAT HAVE BEEN THE CHALLENGES?

28

Community Attitudes

• Community resistant to change

• Proving the relationship between low alcohol consumption and high risks of impaired driving

• Dealing with the alcohol industry

Repeat offenders • Offenders avoiding police enforcement

Funding, resourcing, equipment

• Sustainability of funding

• Maintaining police resources

• Focus on the best equipment

Program Coordination

• Non-compliance with declared principles – High visibility, repeated often, fair and consistent and well publicised enforcement

• Efficiency of processing test procedures

• Road safety – return on investment

• Proving effectiveness of the program – matching the enforcement against the trauma

• Delivering the service

• Achieving cultural change – changing community habits of drinking and driving

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

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Marketing • Stronger marketing campaigns

• Education and community awareness

Data

Intelligence • More effective use of available knowledge

Sanctions • Vehicle impoundment – strengthen to reflect risk

• Alcohol interlock – broaden the use.

Enforcement • Continue with 3.5million tests per annum

• Continue high visibility enforcement

Strengthen Partnerships

• Working with industry, working with commerce

• Working with government agencies, local councils

Constant Questions • Have we gone far enough?

• Are there ways to improve effectiveness?

Philosophy

• Attitude

• Behaviour

• Culture

THE ‘SAFE SYSTEM’ APPROACH

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CONSIDERATIONS FOR INDONESIA?

• Road Safety Management – Responsibilities defined

• Partnerships – Government Agencies, NGO’s, Industry, Commerce

• Strategic Plan and Focus

• Strong legislation and judicial system

Infrastructure

• Specialist Police Enforcement Unit(s) - Speed, Heavy Vehicle, Alcohol

• Collection and Collation of Quality Data

• Random breath testing capability

• Credible and reliable equipment

• Sound policies and procedures

• Effectiveness and efficiency in testing procedures

Enforcement

• Education and Awareness Programs

• Community Involvement – Road Safety is the Community

• Road Safety Advertising

Community Education & Awareness

• Community education and awareness

• Police equipment for testing and safety equipment

• Testing equipment for hospitals and mortuaries

Sustainable Road Safety

Funding

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"TOGETHER WE CAN MAKE A

DIFFERENCE”

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PROGRAM OUTCOME

Stronger Partnerships

Community involvement &

acceptability

Changed driver behaviours

Reduced Collision Risk

Reduction in Road Deaths/Road

Trauma

A Safe Driving Environment for all

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QUESTIONS?

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