Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering … · 2010. 12. 8. · Renewable...
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What is Nanionics? • Nanoionics centers on the manipulation of space charge at ionic interfaces or junctions to control ionic conduction. Our Vision: • Explore/exploit nanoionic effects to create the next generation of ionic materials/devices. A A A A A A A A A A A A Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (REMRSEC) NSF MRSEC DMR-0820518 P. C. Taylor, R. T. Collins, A. Herring, C. Koh. B. Moskal (Co-PI’s) Presented by Corinne Packard IRG2: Advanced Membranes for Energy Applications Membranes play a critical role in renewable energy technologies Current membranes are a weak link in many applications A fundamental understanding of ionic transport is essential to make transformative changes in membrane materials IRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics PV electric power today is more expensive than coal Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other PV materials is essential to make transformative changes in solar panels This goal requires understanding and controlling carrier relaxation rates in quantum confined systems Seed Project: Clathrate Hydrates and Silicon Clathrates for Storage of Fuels Current storage materials are a weak link in all applications A fundamental understanding of the incorporation of guest molecules in clathrate hydrates is essential to make transformative changes in these storage materials • Outreach to students and the community • Promotion of diversity in faculty, students, and future students REMRSEC Vision Research and Engineering • Innovative and transformative research and engineering on materials for renewable energy applications Human Resource Development • Education of the next generation of renewable energy professionals Goals: Education, Human Resources, and Diversity • Prepare undergraduate and graduate students to embark on careers in • renewable energy fields • Provide undergraduate and graduate students with research experiences in renewable energy • Expose K-12 teachers and students to concepts of renewable energy • Improve the recruitment and retention of female and minority undergraduate and graduate students and faculty Accomplishments: Education, Human Resources, and Diversity • Development of Renewable Energy Minor • Successful REU program in renewable energy • Successful K-12 teacher workshop on renewable energy curricula • First joint RFEMRSEC-NREL hire c-Si Collect Particles onto a Substrate Control Particle Size & Distribution Growth of 3-D Superlattice Structures Synthesize Nanoparticles Embed Particles in an Oxide Matrix Decouple Nanocrystal Synthesis from Matrix Encapsulation Process 2000 2100 2200 2300 2234 cm -1 (SiH(O 3 )) 2168 cm -1 (SiH 2 (O 2 )) 2135 cm -1 (Surface SiH 3 ) 2102 cm -1 (Surface SiH 2 ) Transmittance (a.u.) Wavenumber (cm -1 ) 2072 cm -1 (Surface SiH) 0 200 400 600 800 Raman Intensity (a.u.) Raman Shift (cm -1 ) 509 cm -1 Si phonon peak Size Control of Si NCs • Blue shift observed due to decrease in Si NC core size due to oxication • 600 700 800 900 1000 PL Intensity (a. u.) Wavelength (nm) after 24 hrs as-synthesized (eV) 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 600 700 800 900 1000 PL Intensity (a. u.) Wavelength (nm) 1 W 3 W 10 W 15 W Decreasing RF Power (eV) 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 Change in PL peak position with rf power: Si NC size decreases with increasing power UV off UV on SiO x Organic Photovoltaics • ZnO nanowire/polymer bulk heterojunctions OPVs • Interface functionalization and device optimization • New organic absorbers (dendrimers) and acceptors (trimetaspheres) • Manufacturable deposition techniques – inkjet, spray without ODT with ODT Addressing Ionic Transport via Nanoionics “Superionoc” Hybrid Overview • “Ionic hybrids” - Novel composite ionic • materials based on combination of proton • conducting oxides and hydrogen permeable • metals • Work function difference between the oxide • and metal creates space charge layer • Enhance proton conductivity Schematic diagram of diffusion of protons in the SCL Ionic Transistor: Proof-Of Concept 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 Source-Drain Current Oscillation (pA) Applied Source-Drain Voltage (V) Vg = 0.608 Vg = 0.204V Vg = 0.396V • Macro-scale room temperature ionic FET has been built • Modulation of ionic conductivity analogous to electronic FET • Provides proof-of-concept • Utilize to verify/study the effects of nanoionic space charge phenomena • Research plan for Micro-scale solid state ionic FET Modeling IRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics PV electric power today is more expensive than coal Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other PV materials is essential to make transformative changes in solar panels This goal requires understanding and controlling carrier relaxation rates in quantum confined systems Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (REMRSEC) NSF MRSEC DMR-0820518 P. C. Taylor, R. T. Collins, A. Herring, C. Koh. B. Olds (Co-PI’s) IRG2: Advanced Membranes for Energy Applications Membranes play a critical role in renewable energy technologies Current membranes are a weak link in many applications A fundamental understanding of ionic transport is essential to make transformative changes in membrane materials IRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics PV electric power today is more expensive than coal Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other PV materials is essential to make transformative changes in solar panels This goal requires understanding and controlling carrier relaxation rates in quantum confined systems Seed Project: Clathrate Hydrates and Silicon Clathrates for Storage of Fuels Storage plays a critical role in renewable energy technologies Current storage materials are a weak link in all applications A fundamental understanding of the incorporation of guest molecules in clathrate hydrates is essential to make transformative changes in these storage materials • Outreach to students and the community • Promotion of diversity in faculty, students, and future students REMRSEC Vision Research and Engineering • Innovative and transformative research and engineering on materials for renewable energy applications Human Resource Development • Education of the next generation of renewable energy professionals
Transcript of Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering … · 2010. 12. 8. · Renewable...
What is Nanionics?• Nanoionics centers on the manipulation of space
charge at ionic interfaces or junctions to control ionic conduction.
Our Vision:
• Explore/exploit nanoionic effects to create the
next generation of ionic materials/devices.
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (REMRSEC)NSF MRSEC DMR-0820518
P. C. Taylor, R. T. Collins, A. Herring, C. Koh. B. Moskal (Co-PI’s)
Presented by Corinne Packard
IRG2: Advanced Membranes for Energy Applications
Membranes play a critical role in renewable energy
technologies
Current membranes are a weak link in many applications
A fundamental understanding of ionic transport is
essential to make transformative changes in membrane
materials
IRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics
PV electric power today is more expensive than coal
Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go
A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other
PV materials is essential to make transformative changes in
solar panelsThis goal requires understanding and controlling carrier
relaxation rates in quantum confined systems
Seed Project: Clathrate Hydrates and Silicon
Clathrates for Storage of Fuels
Current storage materials are a weak link in all applications
A fundamental understanding of the incorporation of
guest molecules in clathrate hydrates is essential to
make transformative changes in these storage materials
• Outreach to students and the community
• Promotion of diversity in faculty, students, and
future students
REMRSEC Vision
Research and Engineering
• Innovative and transformative research and
engineering on materials for renewable energy
applications
Human Resource Development
• Education of the next generation of renewable
energy professionals
Goals: Education, Human Resources, and Diversity
• Prepare undergraduate and graduate students to
embark on careers in
• renewable energy fields
• Provide undergraduate and graduate students with
research experiences in renewable energy
• Expose K-12 teachers and students to concepts of
renewable energy
• Improve the recruitment and retention of female and
minority undergraduate and graduate students and
faculty
Accomplishments: Education, Human Resources, and Diversity
• Development of Renewable Energy Minor
• Successful REU program in renewable energy
• Successful K-12 teacher workshop on renewable
energy curricula
• First joint RFEMRSEC-NREL hire
c-Si
Collect Particles onto a Substrate
Control Particle Size & Distribution
Growth of 3-D Superlattice Structures
Synthesize Nanoparticles
Embed Particles in an Oxide Matrix
Decouple Nanocrystal Synthesis from Matrix
Encapsulation Process
2000 2100 2200 2300
2234 cm-1
(SiH(O3))2168 cm
-1
(SiH2(O
2))
2135 cm-1
(Surface SiH3)
2102 cm-1
(Surface SiH2)
Tra
nsm
ittan
ce (
a.u.
)
Wavenumber (cm-1)
2072 cm-1
(Surface SiH)
0 200 400 600 800
Ram
an In
tens
ity (
a.u
.)
Raman Shift (cm-1)
509 cm-1
Si phonon peak
Size Control of Si NCs
• Blue shift
observed due to
decrease in Si NC
core size due to
oxication
•
600 700 800 900 1000
PL
In
ten
sity (
a. u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
after 24 hrs
as-synthesized
(eV)2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2
600 700 800 900 1000
PL
In
ten
sity (
a. u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
1 W
3 W
10 W
15 W
Decreasing
RF Power
(eV)2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2
Change in PL peak position
with rf power: Si NC size
decreases with increasing
power
UV
off
UV
on
SiOx
Organic Photovoltaics
• ZnO nanowire/polymer bulk heterojunctions OPVs
• Interface functionalization and device optimization
• New organic absorbers (dendrimers) and acceptors (trimetaspheres)
• Manufacturable deposition techniques – inkjet, spray
without
ODT
with
ODT
Addressing Ionic Transport via Nanoionics
“Superionoc” Hybrid Overview
• “Ionic hybrids” - Novel composite ionic
• materials based on combination of proton
• conducting oxides and hydrogen permeable
• metals
• Work function difference between the oxide
• and metal creates space charge layer
• Enhance proton conductivity
Schematic diagram of
diffusion of protons in the
SCL
Ionic Transistor: Proof-Of Concept
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
-0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5
So
urc
e-D
rain
Cu
rre
nt
Os
cil
lati
on
(p
A)
Applied Source-Drain Voltage (V)
Vg = 0.608
Vg = 0.204V
Vg = 0.396V
• Macro-scale room temperature ionic FET
has been built
• Modulation of ionic conductivity analogous to
electronic FET
• Provides proof-of-concept
• Utilize to verify/study the effects of nanoionic
space charge phenomena
• Research plan for Micro-scale solid state
ionic FET
ModelingIRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics
PV electric power today is more expensive than coal
Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go
A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other
PV materials is essential to make transformative changes in
solar panelsThis goal requires understanding and controlling carrier
relaxation rates in quantum confined systems
Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (REMRSEC)
NSF MRSEC DMR-0820518
P. C. Taylor, R. T. Collins, A. Herring, C. Koh. B. Olds (Co-PI’s)
IRG2: Advanced Membranes for Energy Applications
Membranes play a critical role in renewable energy
technologies
Current membranes are a weak link in many applications
A fundamental understanding of ionic transport is essential to
make transformative changes in membrane materials
IRG1: Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics
PV electric power today is more expensive than coal
Incremental changes in materials will not get us where we need to go
A fundamental understanding of nanostructured and other PV
materials is essential to make transformative changes in solar
panels
This goal requires understanding and controlling carrier
relaxation rates in quantum confined systems
Seed Project: Clathrate Hydrates and
Silicon Clathrates for Storage of Fuels
Storage plays a critical role in renewable energy technologies
Current storage materials are a weak link in all applications
A fundamental understanding of the incorporation of guest
molecules in clathrate hydrates is essential to make
transformative changes in these storage materials
• Outreach to students and the community
• Promotion of diversity in faculty, students, and
future students
REMRSEC VisionResearch and Engineering
• Innovative and transformative research and
engineering on materials for renewable energy
applications
Human Resource Development
• Education of the next generation of renewable
energy professionals
