““Benefits of Gender Balance in Sanitation Benefits of Gender Balance in Sanitation and Water Supply in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Water Supply in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan

and Tajikistan”and Tajikistan”

Public AssociationPublic Association

“Central Asian Alliance for Water”“Central Asian Alliance for Water”

Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia - 2009Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia - 2009Representative: Elmira Joldosheva, Director CAAWRepresentative: Elmira Joldosheva, Director CAAW

Why Central Asian Alliance for Water?Why Central Asian Alliance for Water?

• Drinking from unsafe sources

• Bad Hygiene and Lack of basic Sanitation facilities

• Lack of public investment

• Lack of ownership

• Lack of willingness to pay

• Inequality participation of men and women in decision making process

• High level of water-borne diseases

• High rate of children mortality

We had serious water and health problem

• Therefore created a network of people willing to change their own lives

• Creation of the Central Asian Alliance for Water

Geographical coverage of our workGeographical coverage of our work..

CAAW Achievements - waterCAAW Achievements - water About 83,000 people in 17 villages have daily access to safe About 83,000 people in 17 villages have daily access to safe

drinking water and paydrinking water and pay monthly charges for service delivery.monthly charges for service delivery.

17 Water Committees operate and maintain autonomous and 17 Water Committees operate and maintain autonomous and efficient water systems.efficient water systems.

50 % of Water Committee members are women and 30% are 50 % of Water Committee members are women and 30% are presiding village Water Committees;presiding village Water Committees;

More than 3000 women received micro – credit improving the More than 3000 women received micro – credit improving the welfare of their families and enabling them to pay monthly welfare of their families and enabling them to pay monthly water fees;water fees;

CAAW Achievements - CAAW Achievements - hygiene/sanitationhygiene/sanitation

481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing 481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing agreement with village families agreement with village families

80% of agreements on construction are made with women 80% of agreements on construction are made with women More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. 1 school toilet-building constructed (indoor dry urine diverting)1 school toilet-building constructed (indoor dry urine diverting) 17 regional sanitation trainers were trained - all women17 regional sanitation trainers were trained - all women

BeforeBefore AfterAfter

Women community leaders managing rural Women community leaders managing rural sanitation programs in Central Asiasanitation programs in Central Asia

Why women?Why women?

Women are the most important users of water Women are the most important users of water (water collection, clothes washing, bathing their children and other (water collection, clothes washing, bathing their children and other domestic activities).domestic activities).

Women are responsible for the care of sick Women are responsible for the care of sick family members family members (from lack hygiene, sanitation, safe water…).(from lack hygiene, sanitation, safe water…).

Diahorea and parasites main cause of child Diahorea and parasites main cause of child mortalitymortality

Women and children spend a great amount of Women and children spend a great amount of time fetching water - heavy physical worktime fetching water - heavy physical work

In rural areas, many poor female headed In rural areas, many poor female headed households - male work migrationhouseholds - male work migration

CAAW ComponentsCAAW Components

Drinking WaterDrinking Water

- Women and Children - Women and Children

Sanitation HygieneSanitation Hygiene

- Ecosan and PHAST - Ecosan and PHAST

PHAST methodology* PHAST methodology* trainer teaching the villagers usingtrainer teaching the villagers using

315 local facilitators trained - all women315 local facilitators trained - all women 70% of population of 140 villages70% of population of 140 villages* Project with ADB and DFID UK, Kyrgyzstan Government* Project with ADB and DFID UK, Kyrgyzstan Government

PHAST MethodologyPHAST Methodology

PHAST Impact: facilities increasedPHAST Impact: facilities increased

Availability of the washstands

18% 19%

32%

47%

51%

55%

62%

75%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Osh region Batken region Jalal abad region Chui region

Before

After

PHAST Impact: behaviour changePHAST Impact: behaviour change

Washing hands with soap

31%

43% 45% 47%

96% 96%

45%50%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Osh region Batken region Jalal abad region Chui region

Before

Afterе

PHAST Impact: improved toiletsPHAST Impact: improved toilets

Unhygienic Toilets

28%26%

39%

26%

14%

17%

29%

25%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

Osh Batken Jalalabad Chui

beginning

end

Reduced illnessReduced illness

378,1

185,3

590,5

195,3

468,2

207,4

464,2

144,1

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Osh oblast Batken oblast Jalalabad oblast Chui oblast

Increasing of lambliasis

Before SHE

After SHE

6 villages6 villages reduced lambliasis reduced lambliasis Reduced burden on womenReduced burden on women

ConclusionConclusion

Increasing role of women in decision making Increasing role of women in decision making process make water supply programmes more process make water supply programmes more sustainable sustainable

Technical solution alone are not sufficientTechnical solution alone are not sufficient Women play main role in changing hygiene Women play main role in changing hygiene

behaviourbehaviour Improved hygiene and sanitation improves Improved hygiene and sanitation improves

health, especially childrenhealth, especially children Reducing hygiene related illnesses reduce Reducing hygiene related illnesses reduce

burden on womenburden on women

Contact Information:Contact Information: CENTRAL ASIAN ALLIANCE for WATERCENTRAL ASIAN ALLIANCE for WATER 4 Suyunbaev Street4 Suyunbaev Street

723500,Osh, Kyrgyz Republic723500,Osh, Kyrgyz RepublicTel / Fax: (Tel / Fax: (+996 3222) 20096, 27675+996 3222) 20096, 27675

E-mail: E-mail: caawosh@hotmail.comE-mail: E-mail: caawosh@mail.ruWeb site: Web site: www.caaw.kg

Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!

Participation of women in the sanitation Participation of women in the sanitation hygiene promotionhygiene promotion

Target groupsTarget groups: Children in kindergartens and schools, : Children in kindergartens and schools, young mothers and pregnant women of rural areas.young mothers and pregnant women of rural areas.

Methodology and Tools.Methodology and Tools.

Participatory Participatory HygieneHygieneAndAndSanitationSanitationTransformationTransformation

PHAST assist for:

• participatory revealing the problems connected with wrong hygienic behavior and unsafe sanitation conditions

• prevention of spreading diarrhea and parasite diseases

• self-controlling of the water supply and sanitary objects

PHASTPHAST Four principles of PHAST

Participatory Participatory HygieneHygieneAndAndSanitationSanitationTransformationTransformation

Four principles of PHAST :

• Participatory Gender analysis

• Participatory Community sanitation hygiene behavior analysis

• Participatory planning on improving sanitation and hygiene conditions

• Participatory monitoring of the improvement of sanitation and hygiene conditions

Sanitation Hygiene ComponentSanitation Hygiene ComponentMonitoring ProcessMonitoring Process

Participation of women in the Ecosan Participation of women in the Ecosan Conception PromotionConception Promotion

Building Ecotoilet.Building Ecotoilet.

Ecotoilets Ecotoilets

BeforeBefore AfterAfter

Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!

How we address this crisis?How we address this crisis?• Mobilizing village

communities and building sense of ownership.

• Involving the whole village community especially women and youth.

• Improving hygiene behavior and health conditions.

• Enhancing livelihoods through micro-credit for women.

• Providing training, monitoring and technical assistance.

• Creating a network of people willing to change their own lives

• Setting up the Central Asian Alliance for Water

CAAW Achievements - CAAW Achievements - hygiene/sanitationhygiene/sanitation

481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing 481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing agreement with village families agreement with village families

80% of agreements on construction are made with women 80% of agreements on construction are made with women More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. 1 school toilet-building constructed (indoor dry urine diverting)1 school toilet-building constructed (indoor dry urine diverting) 17 regional sanitation trainers were trained - all women17 regional sanitation trainers were trained - all women Women trust each otherWomen trust each other Female trainers convey their message based on their own Female trainers convey their message based on their own

experienceexperience Women are more respected in the village due to their work as Women are more respected in the village due to their work as

trainers trainers

CAAW AchievementsCAAW Achievements Over 83,000 people in 17 villages have daily access to safe Over 83,000 people in 17 villages have daily access to safe

drinking water and paydrinking water and pay monthly charges for service delivery.monthly charges for service delivery.

17 Water Committees operate and maintain autonomous and 17 Water Committees operate and maintain autonomous and efficient water systems.efficient water systems.

About 481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing About 481 ECOSAN toilets constructed based on cost sharing agreement with village families.agreement with village families.

More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. More than 2400 people use ecosantoilets properly. 1 school ecotoilet constructed 1 school ecotoilet constructed

50 % of Water Committee members are women and 30% are 50 % of Water Committee members are women and 30% are presiding village Water Committees;presiding village Water Committees;

More than 3000 woman received micro – credit improving the More than 3000 woman received micro – credit improving the welfare of their families and enabling them to pay monthly welfare of their families and enabling them to pay monthly water fees;water fees;