Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs...

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Protein Synthesis

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Transcript of Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs...

Page 1: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Protein Synthesis

Page 2: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Protein Synthesis

Page 3: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Protein Synthesis

TranscriptionDNA mRNA

Occurs in the nucleus

TranslationmRNA tRNA AA

Occurs at the ribosome

Page 4: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

RNA and DNA Compared

Page 5: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Triplets (Codons)

Page 6: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Genetic Code

Page 7: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Transcription

Page 8: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

InitiationPromoter

TATA BoxInitiation Site

RNA PolymeraseAUG

Page 9: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Elongation

RNA Polymerase

Adds nucleotides to the 3’ end

Page 10: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Termination

Proceeds until RNA polymerase transcribes a terminator sequence

UAA

UAG

UGA

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RNA Processing

5’ guanine cap

3’ Poly (A) tail

Page 12: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

RNA Splicing

Introns

Exons

Page 13: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Introns????

Regulation

One gene can code for alternate polypeptides

EvolutionDomains – structural and functional regions

Page 14: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Translation

Page 15: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

tRNA

Page 16: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Aminoacyl-tRNA

Synthetase

Page 17: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Ribosomes

Small subunit

Large subunitP site (peptidyl-tRNA)

A site (Aminoacyl-tRNA)

E site (Exit site)

Page 18: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Transcription

Page 19: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Initiation

The first tRNA with its AA attaches to the mRNA and the small subunit

The first tRNA and its AA enters the P site

Page 20: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Elongation

The second tRNA and its AA enters the A site

A peptide bond forms

Page 21: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Elongation

Translocation

The third tRNA and its AA enters the A site

A peptide bond forms

Page 22: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Termination

Page 23: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Polyribosomes

Page 24: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Point Mutation

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Point Mutation

Base Pair Substitution

Page 26: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

Frame ShiftMutation

Base Pair Insertion or Deletion

Page 27: Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome.

From DNA to Protein - Nifty Scienceniftyscience.weebly.com/.../6/10361338/chapter13_student.pdfFig. 13.11, p.206 mRNA tRNA Final protein cytoplasmic pools of amino acids, ribosomal

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tRNA-related sequences trigger systemic mRNA … 1 tRNA-related sequences trigger systemic mRNA transport in plants 2 3 Authors: 4 Wenna Zhanga, Christoph J. Thiemea, Gregor Kollwigb,

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Vocabulary Key Terms DNA DNA replication Codon Intron Exon Translation Central Dogma Transcription RNA mRNA tRNA Anticodon Genes Nucleotide Nitrogen base.

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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND GENE MUTATION. Objectives 2. Discuss the relationships among chromosomes, genes, and DNA. 2.5 Describe the functions of mRNA, tRNA,

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Prokaryotic Translation Three stages Initiation: binding of ribosome (containing rRNAs and proteins) and aminoacyl tRNA to mRNA. Elongation: addition of.

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Transcription & Translation If I have a DNA sequence of AAG CTC ATA What will my mRNA sequence be? What will the tRNA sequence from that mRNA sequence.

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A QUICK INTRODUCTION Protein Synthesis. Key Terms Gene RNA mRNA tRNA rRNA Transcription Translation Codon Anticodon Ribosome Denature RNA Polymerase.

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Web viewWord. Definition. DNA ... -The process of making a protein from the coded message found on mRNA.-Involves tRNA and ribosomes.-Occurs in the cytoplasm. Ribosome

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Translation. tRNA acceptor site of amino acid tyrosine Anticodon arm Anticodon: recognizes the codon of the mRNA. The recognition is facilitated by complementing.

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