)()(

Proof Through Checking up and Expertise in Fiqh and Law

.

) ://() ://(

:.

:

.:

.

..

Abstract This paper dwelt on two issues: Proof through checking up in fiqh and law and

proof through expertise in fiqh and law. Checking up is considered one means of proof which the judge or his deputy may use. Proof through expertise is also a means of evidence . However, an expert assigned by the court can provide the evidence or proof. The researcher concluded that the issues, in which we depend on experts ‘statements to prove them, are many and developed. The expert or the assessor’s report, for conflict resolution, is an evidence in the lawsuit. However, it is not binding to the judge.

…

..

.

.-

____________________________________________""

)()(

-.

:

.

.

." :

")(.

.

:

")(""

")(." .

")(.

"".

.

:.

:

:.

:.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

..

:

:

:)(:

:)(.

.)(

.

:.:

"

")(.

" ::)(.

:" :

:"

")(.

____________________________________________""

)()(

:

.

––

.

––

" :")(.:

.

.

:"

:

")(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

:

" :

")(.

." :

")(." :

")(.--:

--:)(.:–-

)(::

:"::)(.

:

––")(.

.:–

")(.

.

.

.

____________________________________________""

)()(

:

.:)(.

.

:

:" ::

::.)(

:.

:

.

." :

")(.

:.

" :)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

.

.

:

.

.

.

)(.

–

.

.

):("

:

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(.

.

)(.

)(" :

.

")(.

:

.

.

)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

:

.

–:

." :

")(." :."" ::

")(." :

")(.:

.

.

." :

")(.

:

)(:

.

:)(

" :…)("

." :…)("

____________________________________________""

)()(

:

.

:

." :

:

::

:::

––

:..

:)(.

" :

")(.

." :

:

)(")(.

." ::

:

:

:")(.

." :

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

:

)(.

)(.

..

:.

.

:

.

:.

:.

.

:–

-)(.

)(

" :…

…

……

…

…)(….

____________________________________________""

)()(

.

:.

:

:

::::

:)(" :

")(:

.

:.

.

:)(

.

)(" :

")(

)(.)(" :

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)()(.":")(".

" :

")(.

.

:

)(.

" :")(.

.

.

.

.

:

____________________________________________""

)()(

……

.

…)(.

–-)(.

" :)(")(.

:

.)(.

)()(.

:

.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

.)(.

)()()(:

"

.

.

")(.

.

)(..

)()(" :

"" :

")(.

.

.

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(.

.

:

.

.

)(.

..

:

:

.

.)(

)(.

)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

" :)(.

)(.

" :

)(.

:

.

:

:::

):(::

.:.:)(.:)(.

:)(.

" :")(.

:.

:" :)(":)(.

____________________________________________""

)()(

" :

")(.:)(.

::

." :

")(.

.)(.)(:

")(.

.:

:

")(.

.

:)(.

.

:)(.

:--

)(.

::

::

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)(.)(.

:)(

)(.

:.

)(.::

.:)(..

:

:::)(.

:)(.

:)(.

:

:

)(.:

.–:–

-:

____________________________________________""

)()(

:)(:

:

:)(

)(

)(.:

.::)(.

" :

:

")(.

.–––-

:")()(

-–

")(.––

:-–

.

.:–

–

.:)(.

.:)(:

)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

.

::::

:

::.

.)(.

.

.

:)(.

:)(.::

:.

)(.

)(.

.

:.:

.

:" :

:.:::.:

:.)("

____________________________________________""

)()(

..

" :

–

–.

.

" :

."

)(."

.:

)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

""

"".

.:.:

:

.

)(.

:

..

." ::

:

::

.")(.

...

:

.)(.

____________________________________________""

)()(

..:

)(.––")(."

.

.

:––)(.)(.

..)(

.)(.

.:

:

.:

:

.

..

.)(.

:

::)(:..:

"")(:..

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

:)(.

:" :")(" :")(.

:

::

)(.:

.–-.:

––.

–––

–)(.:.:

:)(.

.––:–

–

.)("

.––)(."

––.

:.

.)()(.

-

:

.

____________________________________________""

)()(

.:)(

..

--)(.

:.:::

)(.

.

.:

.)(.

:

.)(.

." :

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

")(.:….

…

…)(.

::

" :)(….

.

..

.

.

..

)(.

:

.

.

)(.)(.

…

.

.

____________________________________________""

)()(

.:-

:

.

:

..

:.

.

:

.

:.

:.

.

:

.

.

:)(.

)(.

)(.

)(.

)(::–""––

–/–:–.

)(:.:/-:––-.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)(:-–/:–.

)(::/–––

:.

)(.

:"."

:)–:(

:-:.

)(–/:––-–/

" :

::)–:(––

)(/–:–:

.

)(:/.

)()(.

)()(.

)()(.

)(::.:

–:–)(/.:-.

)(::–:–).(

)(:-–::–)(

/.

)

(:)-:(––

:–)(-/-––

:–:/::-–:

–)(/.

)()(.

:------.)(

/.

)(:":"–––/::

." :"––

–/.:––.

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(:/:-

–-..

)(::/–:–/:.:

/–:––

–./:.:––::

––-/::–:

––/:.––:

–/::/.:–

–/.:.:-:-

–-–/:.:

::––––

.

)(://.://:

/:/:/

://.:.

)(:)–(

)–(:––

–.

)(::/::.–

:––./.:

/.:.

)()(::–

–.

:

)(:

:-"-----."

)(":."

:/:–.

)()(.

)(::/.

)(-.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)(:):(/–

:–:.–––-

––:.

)(::-/–.

)(:.

)(::):(

/))(–:–:

-–––––.

)(" :":::/:

––-–./:.

)(:.:/–:

–-/:::)(/–

:–:––––/

::/:––––.

)(:::/-:–:

-––.

)(://:/-–:–

).(:.::).(

)(:::.

)(:):(–:–

:-––-.

)(::–:–.

)(::/––––.

)(:/.:

)(:.::.

)()(

:.

)(:–––""/:–––

"/.

)(.

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(::.::""/.

)(::/--–.

)(:::.::–""––

–//:)-:(

/-:––:.:

:)-:(-:–

––.

)(" :".

)(::...::

""/.

)(:/––-

–––.

)(:::

/––-–:.

)(:.:/.

)(:.://.:/.:

/.:.

)(.:/.

)(:://.://.:

/.:.

)(:–:.

)(

)(:):(

/-:–:–

–––––.

)(:.

.::)-:(/.""-:–

––::/:.:/–:.

)()(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)(:::/.

)(/-.

)(://.:/:

/.

)(::.:.

)(.:/:/.

)(:/:/.

)(.

)(::/–––/

://::–/–

:–/::/–:

–/:)-:(–

/–:–/ .:)-

:(/–––––/:

:/.

)(::––/.

)(.::

)-(–:/:.–:––-.

)(://::–

–/–:–:.

)(:/.::)-:(/

:––––--/://

:/.

)(:–""–––/.

)(.

)(:)-(–:/-:–

–––.

)(::––/–:

–.

)(.

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(::

/.

)(.

)(:/.

)(:––)(–)(–

/.

)(.::/:.

)(.:.

)(://:––)(–/.

:–/-:/-).(

)(:––)(–)(/.

)(:/.

)(:/.:::).(

)(:://:

):(/–:.

)(://://:/.

)(//:/.

)(:.

)(""

.

)(://://:/.

)(:/.

)(:––––/.

)(://::/–:

–––.

)(://:/.

)(://://:)-:(/-:–––/ .:)

–:(–:–.)(:–––)(–

–)(:––

–)()().(

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

)(.::""/.

)(:.::""/.

)(:://:/.

)(:)–:(–––

)()(/-:.

)(:/.

)(:–.::/:.

)(:.:.

)(:–)(–)().(

)(:.:::

/)(–:––.

)(:::""/.

)(:.::/-).(

)(:/.

)(:.

)(:/.

)(:/.

)(://:.

)(::::""/.

)(:––)(–)(.

)(:/::/.

)(:.

)(::.

)(:/://:/.

)(:.

)(:/.

)(::––/.

:.

)(:)-:(–––/–)-

(––:–-.)(:.

____________________________________________""

)()(

)(:/.

)(:/.

)(:/.

)(.

)(:–)(––./.

)(::/–:–

.

)(:/.

)(::/-:–/://://:/.

)(:–.:–""

/.

)(:)(––)(/.

)(:––)(/./

). ()(:–––)(//:––

–)(:/ .:–––)(/.:-.

.)(:/.

)(:)–:(/––

–––––.

)(.:./.

.

)(::/:

–/ .://:/.

)(:/.

)(://:/.

)(:-.

)(::/.

)(:/.

)(:/.

)(.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

. :–-:––

-.

. ::–:––.

. :)-:(

/:–.

. ::-:

–:.–-

.

. :)–:(–

)-(–-:

––.

. ::–:.

. :.:–:

–––.

. ) ::(

.

. :.:–:–

––.

. :)-:(

–:–:–––

–.

. :.:–:

–––.

. ::–:––

–.

____________________________________________""

)()(

. ::–:–

.

. :)–––

–:––-.

. :)–(:–

––

.

. :)-:(--

–:–.

. :)-(–:

.

. ::––

–.

. :"–

:–.

. :)-

(::.–:–)

–.(

. :–)-(:

::––.

. :

)–(–:–

–-) ..(. :)-:(

)-(–:–:–––––-

.. :.:–:––

––.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

. :.:––

. ::

–:––.

. ::–:–

–.

. :)-:(

–:–

:––––-.

. ::–:

–.

. :)-:(

::–––:-:

.

. :)–:(–:

––)--.(

. ::–:–

.

. ::––-–:

.

. :.:–:––.

. ::–:

––:

. :.:–:–.

. ::––:

.

. :

)-:(–:–

–.) ..(

____________________________________________""

)()(

. ::-:–

–.(

. ::

–––-–

:–.

. :)-:(

–:–.

. ::)-

:–:–––-.

. :)-(-–

––––

––-.

. ::–:–

–––.

. :)-(–

––:.

. :.:–:

–––-–.

. :)-:(

–:–.

. :)-(–:–

––.

. ::–:––

–.

. ::–

:––.

. :––:

–.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________)()(

. :––:

–.

. :–:–:–.

. ::--–.

. :.:–:–

–.

. :)--

:–:.

. ::::

–.

. ::-:-––.

. :)-:(–:–––

–.

. ::.

. :.:–:–

–-–––.

. ::–:–-.

. :.:–

–––––.

. ::–:–

––.

. ::)

(:–.