President George President George WashingtonWashington1789-17971789-1797

Precedents set by Precedents set by WashingtonWashington

Served two termsServed two terms Appointed Appointed cabinetcabinet with three with three

departments (State, Treasury, War) to departments (State, Treasury, War) to advise himadvise him

Gave a farewell addressGave a farewell address Made many significant decisions that set Made many significant decisions that set

the course of foreign and domestic policythe course of foreign and domestic policy

Issues during Issues during Washington’s presidencyWashington’s presidency

National debtNational debt Whiskey RebellionWhiskey Rebellion National BankNational Bank French RevolutionFrench Revolution Relationship with Native AmericansRelationship with Native Americans Relationship with Great BritainRelationship with Great Britain

Should federal government Should federal government assume states’ debts?assume states’ debts?

Yes: Lenders will need the new nation to Yes: Lenders will need the new nation to succeed in order to be paid backsucceed in order to be paid back

No: Many Southern states already paid off their No: Many Southern states already paid off their debts, so it’s unfairdebts, so it’s unfair

Resolution/lasting impact: Yes, federal Resolution/lasting impact: Yes, federal government assumed debt, and in return the government assumed debt, and in return the capital was moved South to Washington, D.C. capital was moved South to Washington, D.C. to be responsive to Southern interests. to be responsive to Southern interests. America’s good credit was establishedAmerica’s good credit was established

Should the United States Should the United States charter a national bank?charter a national bank?

Yes: The elastic clause says federal Yes: The elastic clause says federal government can do anything “necessary and government can do anything “necessary and proper” (proper” (loose constructionismloose constructionism))

No: The Constitution doesn’t say the federal No: The Constitution doesn’t say the federal government can charter a national bank (government can charter a national bank (strict strict constructionismconstructionism))

Resolution/lasting impact: National bank Resolution/lasting impact: National bank created, precedent for loose constructionismcreated, precedent for loose constructionism

Should the National Should the National Government intervene in Government intervene in the Whiskey Rebellion?the Whiskey Rebellion?

Yes: Federal government has the right to tax, Yes: Federal government has the right to tax, and it should enforce the law even on the and it should enforce the law even on the frontierfrontier

No: Federal government should back down and No: Federal government should back down and remove the tax on whiskey because it is a remove the tax on whiskey because it is a hardship to western farmershardship to western farmers

Resolution/lasting impact: Washington and Resolution/lasting impact: Washington and Hamilton led militia and defeated rebels with no Hamilton led militia and defeated rebels with no casualties. Affirmed federal power in domestic casualties. Affirmed federal power in domestic affairsaffairs

Should the U.S. support Should the U.S. support the French Revolution?the French Revolution?

Yes: France is forming a democracy like ours, Yes: France is forming a democracy like ours, and they supported us in our revolution.and they supported us in our revolution.

No: The French went too far by beheading their No: The French went too far by beheading their king and declaring war against all monarchies, king and declaring war against all monarchies, including G.B.including G.B.

Resolution/Impact: Washington established Resolution/Impact: Washington established Treaty of NeutralityTreaty of Neutrality and U.S. would not engage and U.S. would not engage in European affairs. Jefferson resigned as in European affairs. Jefferson resigned as Secretary of State.Secretary of State.

What relationship will the What relationship will the U.S. have with Native U.S. have with Native Americans in Ohio?Americans in Ohio?

Miami Indians, with encouragement from Miami Indians, with encouragement from British army, beat American troops in two major British army, beat American troops in two major battlesbattles

Mad Anthony Wayne defeated the Miami Mad Anthony Wayne defeated the Miami decisively at the Battle of Fallen Timbersdecisively at the Battle of Fallen Timbers

Miami agreed to give up Ohio in exchange for Miami agreed to give up Ohio in exchange for $20,000 in goods, and annual payments of $20,000 in goods, and annual payments of $10,000. First instance of U.S. giving raw deal $10,000. First instance of U.S. giving raw deal to Native Americansto Native Americans

What relationship should What relationship should U.S. have with England?U.S. have with England?

Enemies: We just gained our independence Enemies: We just gained our independence from them, and they encouraged the Miami to from them, and they encouraged the Miami to fight us.fight us.

Friends: They could be a good trading partner, Friends: They could be a good trading partner, we need their supportwe need their support

Resolution/impact: Under Resolution/impact: Under Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty, Britain , Britain gave up military posts in the NW Territory but gave up military posts in the NW Territory but still engages in fur trading. America and Britain still engages in fur trading. America and Britain are alliesare allies

Birth of Political PartiesBirth of Political Parties

FederalistsFederalists

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

Democratic RepublicansDemocratic Republicans

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

Birth of Political PartiesBirth of Political Parties

Democratic RepublicansDemocratic RepublicansFederalistsFederalistsPreviously known as FederalistsLed by Hamilton

Favored strong central governmentSupported new taxes

For large army and navy

Pro-British

Pro business

Previously known as Previously known as AntifederalistsAntifederalists

Led by JeffersonLed by Jefferson

Favor weak central Favor weak central governmentgovernment

Oppose new Oppose new taxestaxesAgainst large army and Against large army and navynavyPro-FrenchPro-FrenchPro agriculturePro agriculture