Presentation on Apparel

7/28/2019 Presentation on Apparel

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Yarn is manufactured by 2 types of spinning:

1:Ring spinning.

2:Open end spinning.


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It includes 7 steps:

a:Blow room.

b:Carding.

c:Drawing. d:Combing.

e:Speed frame.

f:Ring frame.

g:Winding.


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Opening the fibres from the bale form.

Cleaning fibres. - 70%

Blending the fibres.


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Further cleans the fibres. 30%

Straightens the fibres.

Forms carded sliver.


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Increase the parallelism in the fibres. Blend the fibres.

Makes a drawn sliver.


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Parallelizes the fibres.

Remove short fibres.

Forms combed sliver.


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Reduce the size. Twist the sliver into Roving.

Winds the Roving into Roving bobbin.


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Reduces the size of the final required count. Twist the roving into the final yarn.

Winds the yarn on a ring bobbin.


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Winds the yarn from ring bobbins to a largerpackage called Cone.

Checks yarn for various faults.


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In this Rotor spinning machine is used in

place of Ring frame and Speed frame.


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Fabric is made from natural or manmade yarns byany of the following methods:

Weaving,knitting,bonding,crocheting,felting,knottin

g.


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Fabric weave is the pattern for manufacturing a fabric. Weaving

is basically done by interlacing warp yarn and weft yarn at

right angle.

KINDS OF WEAVE:

1:Plain weave

2:Basket weave

3:Twill weave

4:Satin weave


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o It consist of alternate interlacing of warp and

weft yarn,one warp up and one down,the entirewidth of the fabric.

o eg:crepe,organdy,cotton,

calicos,cheesecloth,voile and muslin etc.


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It is somewhat similar to plain weave.Twill weaveis durable,heavier,wrinkle and soil resistant,and

is more flexible than plain weave.

Eg:covert cloth,drill,jean,jersey,tussah,

velvet,worsted cheviot.


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Is achieved by one warp yarn crossing over themost possible filling yarns.

It creates float on the face side of the fabric

which give the lustre and smoothness.


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Knitted fabric are made from one continuous

yarn or a combination of yarns formed into

successive rows of loops drawn through another

series of loops to make a cloth.

TYPES OF KNITTING:

1:Weft knitting.

2:Warp knitting.


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When the loops run horizontally across the width

of the fabric.

Eg: jersey,


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When the loops run vertically and zig-zag acrosseach other to form the fabric.

Eg: tricot, raschel.


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Dyeing can be done at any stage of fibre,yarn or

fabric production.

TYPES OF DYEING:

1:Producer colored dyeing.

2:Stock dyeing.

3:Yarn dyeing.

4:Piece dyeing.5:Garment dyeing.


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This is done to acheive the stripes,checks andplaids pattern.


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It is used to dye loose fibre before yarnprocessing.


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Dyeing a piece of a fabric after weaving orknitting.


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The whole garment is dyed after they have beensewn.


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Printing is used to apply design or pattern to

fabrics.

These are 3 basic printing tachniques:

1:Wet printing.2:Dry printing.

3:Digital printing.


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Used widely in offices and graphic arts.


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Finishes can radially alter fibre and fabric

characteristics,performance or hand.

TYPES OF FINISHING:

1:Physical means of finishing.

2:Chemical means of finishing.


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A mechanical process of passing fabric betweenheavy rollers,by using different combination of

heat,pressure.


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This straightens out the edges and the weaves ofthe fabric and makes it even in the width.


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NAPPING.

SHEARING.

SANDING or SUEDING.

SHRINK CONTROL.HEAT SETTING.

GLAZING.

BEETLING.


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CAUSTIC REDUCTION.

DECATIZING.

DURABLE PRESS.

MERCIRIZING.

WATER REPELLENCY.

FLAME PROOF.

WATER PROOF.

GREASE RESISTANT FINISH.


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RIVETS BUCKLE AND EYELETS


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Reliance Industries Ltd, Kolkatta

Dinesh Mills Ltd, Vadodara

Digjam Ltd, Jamnanagar

Oswal Wollen Mills Ltd, LudhianaVardhman Group of Mills, Ludhiana

OCM Ltd, Amritsar

Reid & Taylor Ltd, Mysore

Raymond Group of Mills - Mumbai, Chindwara,

Jalgaon etc.

Global Wool Alliance Ltd, Mumbai


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Presentation on Apparel

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