Pollutant Loads to the Bay: Measuring the L in TMDL Lester McKee Sources Pathways and Loadings...

Pollutant Loads to the Bay: Pollutant Loads to the Bay:

Measuring the “L” in TMDLMeasuring the “L” in TMDLLester McKeeLester McKee

Sources Pathways and Loadings Workgroup Sources Pathways and Loadings Workgroup and and

Watershed Program ManagerWatershed Program ManagerSFEISFEI

RMP Annual Meeting, May 10RMP Annual Meeting, May 10thth 2005 2005

SPLWG AchievementsSPLWG Achievements 13 technical reports over the past 5 years including reports 13 technical reports over the past 5 years including reports

on urban drainage, atmospheric inputs, and sediment loadson urban drainage, atmospheric inputs, and sediment loads

Developed conceptual models and designed evaluation Developed conceptual models and designed evaluation strategies for monitoring Hg, PCBs and OC pesticides in strategies for monitoring Hg, PCBs and OC pesticides in stormwater runoffstormwater runoff

Implemented stormwater monitoring studies at Mallard Is. Implemented stormwater monitoring studies at Mallard Is. and Guadalupe R. and Guadalupe R.

SPLWG - The leading source of loads informationSPLWG - The leading source of loads information

Forum for discussionForum for discussion

RMP Annual Meeting 2005

SPLWG - Systematic PlanSPLWG - Systematic Plan

A.Watershed Characterization

B.Conceptual Model Development

C.Develop Evaluation Strategies

D.Establish Regional Network of “Observation Watersheds”

E. Extrapolate to Other Watersheds


Davis et al., 1999, 2000

The Pathways of “L”…The Pathways of “L”…

Loads enter the Bay from 5 main pathways:Loads enter the Bay from 5 main pathways:

1.1. Urban stormwaterUrban stormwater

2.2. New Almaden mining areaNew Almaden mining area

3.3. Atmospheric depositionAtmospheric deposition

4.4. Urban and industrial wastewaterUrban and industrial wastewater

5.5. Large RiversLarge Rivers


2000 20051

2

3

45

4 3

2

1

5

Total Mercury Inputs

Why Else Study Loads?Why Else Study Loads?

Improve understanding of variation (both spatial and Improve understanding of variation (both spatial and temporal) temporal)

Estimate loads in unmeasured places (extrapolation and Estimate loads in unmeasured places (extrapolation and modeling)modeling)

Measure change over time in relation Measure change over time in relation to management activitiesto management activities


Recent SPLWG HighlightsRecent SPLWG Highlights Completed technical reports on the Mallard Is. and Completed technical reports on the Mallard Is. and

Guadalupe River field studiesGuadalupe River field studies

Submitted three papers to scientific journalsSubmitted three papers to scientific journals

Began discussions on how to choose a location for Began discussions on how to choose a location for another small tributaries loading study another small tributaries loading study

Received 6 special and pilot studies proposalsReceived 6 special and pilot studies proposals

Initiated the development of a new 5-year work planInitiated the development of a new 5-year work plan


Special and Pilot Studies ProposalsSpecial and Pilot Studies Proposals

#1: Small Tributaries Loading study (number two)#1: Small Tributaries Loading study (number two)

#2: Design of a watershed RMP#2: Design of a watershed RMP

#3: Improving Bay Area hydrography for characterization and#3: Improving Bay Area hydrography for characterization and modeling stormwater flowmodeling stormwater flow

#4: Storm drain outfall sediment characterization#4: Storm drain outfall sediment characterization

#5: Determining the ability for loadings studies to observe#5: Determining the ability for loadings studies to observe changechange

#6: Enhanced isohyetal analysis of the SF Bay Area#6: Enhanced isohyetal analysis of the SF Bay Area


SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)


SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)SPLWG 5-Yr Work Plan (2005-09)


ActivityFunding Sources 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Workgroup meetings and external coordination RMP

A S A S A S A S A S

$22k $22k $22k $22k $22k

Mallard Island Large River Loadings Study RMP $51k $60k Contingency $120k

Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loadings Study

CEP, RMP, USACE, SCVURPPP $173k $50k ? ? ?

Reconnaissance Survey of Loading Study Sites RMP $7.5k

Additional small tributaries loadings studies ??? In-kind ? ? ? ?

Extrapolations / regional loading estimates ??? ? ? ?

Development of the next five-year plan RMP $10k

Next Steps and PhilosophyNext Steps and Philosophy

Receive written comments on the Receive written comments on the draftdraft work plan work plan

Revise work plan to reflect oral and Revise work plan to reflect oral and written commentswritten comments

Systemically update the work plan as Systemically update the work plan as new information is generated (i.e. a new information is generated (i.e. a living document)living document)


Field Studies WY 2005 Field Studies WY 2005 HighlightsHighlights

Mallard Island Large Rivers Loading Mallard Island Large Rivers Loading StudyStudy

Guadalupe River Small Tributaries Guadalupe River Small Tributaries Loading StudyLoading Study

““The Mallard Island Study”The Mallard Island Study”

SFEI: SFEI: Management/sampling assistance/reportManagement/sampling assistance/report

USGS USGS SSC/turbidity data collectionSSC/turbidity data collection

RWQCBRWQCB X-section variabilityX-section variability

UCSC UCSC Sample collection/Hg and SSC analysisSample collection/Hg and SSC analysis

AXYS AXYS Organic contaminant analysisOrganic contaminant analysis


Funding: RMP

““The Mallard Island Study”The Mallard Island Study”Location MapLocation Map


Suspended Sediment LoadsSuspended Sediment Loads


0

1

2

3

419

95

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Water Year

Su

spen

ded

Sed

imen

t (M

t)

1.15 Mt

Sampling for Trace Sampling for Trace ContaminantsContaminants


0

20,00040,000

60,00080,000

100,000

120,000140,000

160,000180,000

200,000

10/1/01 10/1/02 10/1/03 9/30/04

Date

Dis

char

ge (

cfs)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Sus

pend

ed S

edim

ent (

mg/

L)Dayflow (cfs)

Sampling Event

SSC (mg/L)

Total Mercury LoadsTotal Mercury Loads


0

200

400

600

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Water Year

Tot

al M

ercu

ry (

kg)



0

200

400

600

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Water Year

Tot

al M

ercu

ry (

kg)

191 kg

PCB LoadsPCB Loads


05

1015

2025

3035

2002 2003

Water Year

PCB

(kg

)

““The Guadalupe Small Tributaries The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads Study”Loads Study”

SFEISFEI Management/trace contaminant sampling/reportManagement/trace contaminant sampling/report

USGSUSGS Suspended sediment and bed loadsSuspended sediment and bed loads

MLMLMLML Trace element analysis of water and sedimentTrace element analysis of water and sediment

AXYSAXYS Organic contaminant analysisOrganic contaminant analysis


Funding: RMP, CEP, USACE/SCVWD, SCVURPPP

““The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads The Guadalupe Small Tributaries Loads Study”Study”

SFEI WY 2005 field teamSFEI WY 2005 field team Nicole DavidNicole David Jennifer HayworthJennifer Hayworth Jennifer HuntJennifer Hunt Kristen LarnedKristen Larned Jon LeatherbarrowJon Leatherbarrow Aroon MelwaniAroon Melwani Sarah PearceSarah Pearce

51%

Samples collectedoutside of work time

““The The Guadalupe Guadalupe

Small Small Tributaries Tributaries

Loads Loads Study” Study”

Location Location MapMap


Suspended Sediment LoadSuspended Sediment Load


0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2003 2004 2005

Water Year

Su

spen

ded

Sed

imen

t (t

)

Preliminary

Sampling for Trace Sampling for Trace ContaminantsContaminants


0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

10/1

/200

4

11/1

/200

4

12/2

/200

4

1/2/

2005

2/2/

2005

3/5/

2005

4/5/

2005

Date

Dis

char

ge (

cfs)

Water Sample (Hg analysis)

Bed Load Sample (Hg analysis)

Flow



0

50

100

150

200

2003 2004

Water Year

Tot

al M

ercu

ry (

kg)

Max annual: 900 – 1,100 kg5-yr mean: 6 – 440 kg

PCB LoadsPCB Loads


0.0

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.6

2003 2004

Water Year

PC

Bs

(kg)

Closing CommentsClosing Comments

SPLWG efforts over the past 5 years has had a profound SPLWG efforts over the past 5 years has had a profound influence our perceptions of Bay functionsinfluence our perceptions of Bay functions

This emerging understanding has strongly influenced the This emerging understanding has strongly influenced the development of the mercury and PCB TMDLsdevelopment of the mercury and PCB TMDLs

To complete the circle, the TMDL recommendations are To complete the circle, the TMDL recommendations are now influencing the planning process for new SPLWG now influencing the planning process for new SPLWG studiesstudies

Without the dedicated field team at SFEI, much of this Without the dedicated field team at SFEI, much of this information would not have been generatedinformation would not have been generated


Pollutant Loads to the Bay: Measuring the L in TMDL Lester McKee Sources Pathways and Loadings...

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