Phan Presentation

8/6/2019 Phan Presentation

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DISCLAIMER

The views expressed in this presentation are theviews of the speaker and do not necessarily reflectthe views or policies of the Asian DevelopmentBank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or thegovernments they represent. ADB does notguarantee the accuracy of the data included in thispaper and accepts no responsibility for any

consequence of their use. Terminology used maynot necessarily be consistent with ADB officialterms.



WWF Greater Mekong Programme (GMP)

Overviewon Biodiversity and Relevant Interventions in Quang Nam

Tran Thi Phan

Wetlands Alliance OfficerWWF Vietnam



1. Biodiversity Information

2. Threats to the eco-region

3. WWF’s Interventions

• Management of Strategic Areas for IntegratedConservation (MOSAIC))

• Biodiversity Corridor Initiative (BCI)

• Wetlands Alliance• WWF’s support in Thu Bon-Vu Gia river basin

Presentation outlines

Three Eco-regions



BIODIVERSITY

BIODIVERSITY



BIODIVERSITY – The Importance

• Biodiversity values are ofglobal importance

• Forest cover is of criticalimportance to watershed

protection to the lowland, and• To the existing and planned

dams in the mid andmountainous areas



BIODIVERSITY - MAMMAL

• 50 species of large mammals confirmed• Additional 11 provisionally recorded through interviews

• 9 confirmed and 2 provisionally recorded were classified by IUCN asglobal threatened

• 22 species of bat confirmed

• Endemic to the Annamites (described since 1993): Saola(Pseydoryx nghetinhensis), Annamite muntjac ( Muntiacustruongsonensis), large-antlered muntjac (muntiacus vuquangensis),Annamite rabbit (Nesolagus timminsi), and grey shanked douc(Pygathrix cinerea)



BIODIVERSITY - BIRD

• 270 species of birdsconfirmed

• 2 are global threatened:crested argus (Rheinardiaocellata) and golden-winged

laughing thrush

• Ngoc Linh Mountain is aglobally important site forthe conservation of anendemic bird community.

Rheinardia ocellataPhoto source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinartia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinartia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinartia



BIODIVERSITY - REPTILE

• 48 taxa of reptiles, including:

• 6 vulnerable species of turtles

• 38 species of amphibians

• Annam flying frog (Rhacophorosannamensis) is globallythreatened

• Annam leaf turtle (Mauremysannamensis) and Bourret’s box

turtle (Cuora galbinifonsbourreti) on the edge of

extinction, endemic Annam flying frog (Rhacophoros annamensis)

Photo source: http://www.arkive.org/annam-flying-frog/rhacophorus-annamensis/image-G14721.html



BIODIVERSITY - OTHERS

• Fish population not yet identified while significant habitats supposedfor many endemic species (Robert Shore)

• 207 species of butterfly, including 5 new recorded for Vietnam

• 1129 species of plant in 164 families identified, of which:

• 6 classified as globally threatened, mostly valuable timber trees, and• 47 classed as vulnerable by the 2003 Vietnam Red Data Book

• 4,259 km2 of natural forest, critical for watershed protection in theprovince (with annual floods)



Direct threats:

• Hunting

• Fishing

• Logging

• NTFP harvest

• Habitat removal

• Non-direct killing (poisoning for example)

Threats to biodiveristy



Threats to biodiveristy - Hunting

• High intensity of hunting• Subsistence driven hunting

• Forest edges

• more common species with high reproductive rate

• non-selective trapping methods

• Trade driven hunting:

• Remote forest

• Giving more pressure – biggest threat

• More valuable species traditional medicine and bushmeat

restaurants



Threats to biodiveristy - Logging

• By both forest edge communitiesand outsiders

• Reasonable control oversubsistence logging

• Illegal timber trade is

professional and extensive• Noticeable prevalent in easily-

accessed areas (flat lowland androad accessible)

oto source: http://www.tnmtquangnam.gov.vn/uploads/News/pic/1222846464.nv.jpg



Threats to biodiveristy - Fishing

• Population growth higher demand• Fish stocks are perceived to have reduced in recent

years in both forest and non-forest rivers

• Destructive fishing gears decreasing natural

restocking• Community fishing and outsiders



Threats to biodiveristy – NTFP Harvest

• Majority of NTFP harvest havinglittle effect on biodiversity

• Threat to biodiversity only whenthe products becomecommercial and sought by too

many people

• Fishing and hunting during theforest trips

• Very little area of forest leftpristine

https://reader009.{domain}/reader009/html5/0517/5afc868388f07/5afc868b71a06.jpg



Threats to biodiveristy – ForestConversion

• Infrequent in Quang Nam

• More along the Ho Chi Minhhighway

• Infrastructure and damconstruction tend to removethe lowland forest



Threats to biodiveristy – Gold mining

• Illegal mining widespread thoughin small scale

• Mercury and cyanide are used inthe process

• Effects on freshwater resources

and biodiversity• Massive increase in river

sediment load riverbiodiversity and fish stock



Threats to biodiveristy

Indirect threats:• Road construction

• Immigration

• Commercial resource extraction

• Dam construction• Logging concessions



• Initiatives/projects within each 3key eco-regions

• Greater Annamite

• Dry Forest

• Mekong River

• Initiatives to work with ‘Drivers’• Agriculture

• Infrastructure

• Wildelife Trade

• Timber Trade

• Mining

• Climate Change

WWF’s Approach



Management of Strategic Areas for Integrated Conservation

(MOSAIC) (2002 – 2006)



MOSAIC

to help to develop a provincial action plan for conservationwithin the province, working with all stakeholders to identifyand prioritize forest units for scaled conservation effort inorder to mitigate and offset current and potential threats,and act on the varied opportunities



MOSAIC - Major Activities

• Ecosystem management• Community based natural resource management

(CBNRM)

• Protection

• Priority species management• Awareness and education



MOSAIC – Key Achievements

• Baseline data on biodiversity, socio-economic, forest maps• The Quang Nam Biodiversity and Natural Resource

Conservation Strategy established and implemented

• Local capacity improved for CBNRM

• Law enforced to eliminate illegal trade for timber, wildlifeand other forest products

• Provincial conservation targets set and agreed for priorityspecies protection

• Conservation education working group set up



Biodiversity Conservation Corridors InitiativePhase I (2006-2008) (BCI)

Vietnam: Central Annamites Biodiversity Corridor



Project sites

BCI

Province Districts

Quang Nam Tay Giang

Phuoc Son

Nam Giang

Nam Tra My

Dong Giang

Bac Tra My

Que Son



Project Objectives

1. Poverty alleviation through sustainable use of natural resources

2. Harmonized land management and governance regimes

3. Restoration and maintenance of forest corridors

4. Capacity building in government staff and local communities

5. Sustainable financing mechanisms for environmental protection

BCI



Objective 1 Poverty Reduction

• Regulation on forest protection developed

• village patrolling teams established in 16 villages in 3

communes.• Evaluation plan for the village regulations and VPTs for 26communes, in 7 districts has been proposed.

• Forest stable model has been developed for two groups of foreststatus (medium and poor forest) of Tây Giang and Nam Giangdistricts.

• NTFP identified as bringing most incomes: rattan, bamboo,mushroom, medicinal plants.

BCI – Up-to-date Outcomes



Objective 2 Harmonized land management and governanceregimes

• Scheme for pilot land and forest allocation has been finalized, it isprojected that the scheme will be implemented in Tahbing, NamGiang district and Bhalê, Tây Giang district with about 150 ha.

• Data for project area which is the basis for the prohibited mineralexploitation areas planing has been prepared.

• Proposal for the biodiversity corrdor has heen approved.




Objective 3 Restoring Forest Connectivity

• Policy reviewed on the legal basis and regulation relating to the sustainableexploitation of timber and NTFP for community forests

• 7 community seedling gardens have been established• Plantation and enrichment plan made

• Data on socio-economics of 50 communes, 7 districts of the project area.The information updated anually

• Camera traps set up in protected areas: Song Thanh, Tay Giang.• Network of conservation education in protected areas developed• The development of 04 hydropower plans in the natural reserve of Song

Thanh has been cancelled by the PPC




Objective 4 Capacity Building

Training courses• Training on site mapping, technique, management of

seedling gardens, techniques for planting andenrichment.

• CDF trainings• Training on camera trapping for FPD staff and local

people




Objective 5 Sustainable Financing

• Promote the testing of payment for environmental

services mechanisms for large infrastructuredevelopment, especially road and dam construction• Joining partnership for pilot mechanism benefit

sharing from hydropower plans




Combined strength from…

Research andDevelopment

Training

Conservation

Education

Wetlands Alliance Regional Partners

• Asian Institute of Technology

• Coastal Resources Institute ofPrince Songkhla University• Worldfish Center• WWF



Wetlands Alliance Goals

•Improve sustainable useof wetland and itsaquatic resources

• Improve livelihood ofpoor people living

around wetland



Focusing on …

Capacity development forlocal partners to

• Implement policy related towetland and aquatic resources

• better collect and interpret basicinformation on aquaticresources

• Improve management capacityfor wetland and aquaticresources



Wetlands Alliance in Quang Nam

•Key partners: DoNRE (Department of Natural Resources and

Environment), DARD (Department of Agriculture and Rural

Development), Department of Tourism

• Key target area: Hoi An delta, Thu Bon-Vu Gia river basin

• Support bottom-up approach: engaging communities and

strengthening capacity of local authorities. Implementation is done by

local partners. WWF’s role is to provide support to all activities

• WWF staff engaged in supporting activities:

• BCI QN office: liaison, technical support

• Marine Program: Fishery and aquaculture component

• WWF Lao: inputs to fishery and tourism component

•LMP technical input and coordination 4 activity groups



Activity group 1: Strengthen management and planning capacity for

existing water management coordination committee

• Support Thu Bon-Vu Gia river basin management• River Basin committee support (Jointly with ADB)• Strategic Environmental Assessment of Hydropower Thu Bon-Vu

Gia river follow up• Benefit sharing• Intact River

• Review existing policy and legal framework related to wetlandmanagement



Activity Group 2: Create enabling environment for localcommunities to work together for the restoration of wetland

areas which benefit local economies

• Better understanding of ecological degradation

• Feasibility study on ecological restoration in targetarea

• Develop community based natural resourcemanagement plan and undertake ecologicalrestoration..



Activity group 3: Capacity Development for Communitybased fishery resources management

• Conduct livelihoods/socio-economic assessment offishing communities

• Community co-management of capture fishery:

inland fishery• Community co-management of aquaculture



Activity Group 4: Capacity development for sustainabletourism and alternative income generation

• Conduct capacity needs assessment to improve livelihoods ofthe poor living around Thu Bon delta

• Skills development for alternative income generation

• Initiate community based ecotourism

• Conduct community based monitoring of environment in ThuBon delta

• Facilitate installment of waste water treatment for tourismfacilities



WWF’s support in Thu Bon-Vu Gia River Basinwork (1)

• Supporting DoNRE’s capacity to coordinate inter -sectoral waterresources management

• Supported Province’s efforts to follow-up from StrategicEnvironmental Assessment of Hydropower sector in Quang Nam

• Provide overall support in DoNRE’s coordination work

• Provide technical inputs to workshop (March 13th) and follow-updiscussions

• Collaboration with ADB on river basin management Organization

• Providing technical input to new RBO idea through close contact withADB consultant



WWF’s support in Thu Bon-Vu Gia River Basinwork (2)

• Intact River

• Follow-up from SEA

• Provided organization and technical support for provincial workshop,and follow-up activities

• Benefit sharing: partnership with ERAV and ADB

• Key partner providing funding to pilot community activities

• Observer to benefit sharing council, and provide technical input tooverall development of benefit sharing



Working with communities around river basin

• Supporting community work in Thu Bon delta (through WetlandsAlliance)• Community based fishery• Community based aquaculture• Community based tourism• Community based Nypa palm protection and ecological restoration

• Supporting community work upstream (through BCI)• Reforestation• Community based NR management

• Community Development Fund



Thank you!

References:

Long, B, Minh Hoang and Thai Truyen. 2005. A Conservation Assessment of Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam . WWFIndochina and Quang Nam Forest Protection Department, Tam Ky,

Vietnam.

GMP – ADB. 2005. Strategic Framework and Technical Assessment 2005 -2014 for Greater Mekong Subregion Biodiversity Conservation

Corridors Initative.

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