LiquefactionBY: NAM PHAN

Earthquakes

Hazardous

Difficult to predict immediately

Damages properties

Violent Vibrations

Source: http://www.thedailysheeple.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/gitn_1090_NGS-New-Madrid.png

How it occurs

Source: http://www.showme.net/~fkeller/quake/images/diagramliquefaction.gif

Great Hanshin Earthquake

Japan, 1995

Magnitude 6.9

Damages to Bridges

http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/000/cache/asphalt-crack_4_600x450.jpg

Sinking and Toppling Structures

Sidewalk is sinking

Buildings topple over

Prevention Method

Don’t Build on vulnerable lands

Old swamps and marshes

Easiest and most cost effective method

http://twistedsifter.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/happy-house.jpg

Soil Treatment

Vibroflotation Dig hole

Strong Vibrating Probe

Increases soil density by removing empty space

Vibro-Replacement Fill the hole dug with grave

Further increases density

http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/how/haywardpic/webvr.gif

Resistant Structures

Foundation Mat Uniform movement

Ductile Utility lines

Easier for new projects than for improving old structures

http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/how/structures/strongmat.gif