Peter Glavič, Prof. Emeritus

University of Maribor, Slovenia

Process Systems Engineering, PSE ◦ PSE in the Past ◦ PSE in the Present

Sustainable Development, SD ◦ Classification of sustainability terms

The Limits to Growth ◦ Globalization ◦ External and public debts ◦ Limited resources and sinks

PSE and SD in the Future Predictions and trends

EITP SusChem

Conclusions

History Definitions

Organizations Conferences

1959: TJ Williams (Monsanto) presented in a Schoch lecture an impressively broad ◦ vision of Systems Engineering for Process Industries

1961: the term PSE was first used in a ◦ Special Volume of the AIChE Symposium Series

1968: first textbook in the area was ◦ “Strategy of Process Engineering” by Rudd and Watson

1968: the 1st European event, Tutzing, Germany: ◦ CACE (Computer Aids for Chemical Engineering),

1977: the first journal devoted to PSE was ◦ Computers & Chemical Engineering

1982: 1st International Symposium on ◦ PSE, Kyoto, Japan; every 3 years on a different continent since

*P. Glavič, Thirty Years of International Symposia on Process Systems Engineering, Current Opinion on Chemical Engineering, 2012, 1/4, 421–429

Takamatsu: The Nature and Role of PSE Sargent: Advances in Modelling and Analysis

of Chemical Process Systems Mah: Application of Graph Theory to Process

Design and Analysis Clark & Westerberg; Optimization for Design

Problems Having More Than One Objective Umeda: Computer Aided Process Synthesis O’Shima: Computer Aided Plant Operation Stephanopoulos: Synthesis of Control

Systems for Chemical Plants

Ray: Multivariable Process Control Morari: Flexibility and Resiliency of Process

Systems Grossmann: Optimization Strategies for

Flexible Chemical Processes Rippin: Design and Operation of Multiproduct

and Multipurpose Batch Chemical Plants Motard: Computer Technology in PSE Fan: Practical Application of PSE to Energy

and Resource Conservation and Management McGreavy: On-line Computer Control System

for Chemical Reaction Processes

PSE is an academic and technological field related to methodologies for chemical engineering decisions

◦ how to plan, design, operate, and control any kind of unit operation, chemical and other production processes, and chemical industries themselves.

PSE should contribute to synthesizing any size of system related to Chemical Engineering

He defined the Process Synthesis and Process Analysis

Fundamental Phenomena: thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, fluid dynamics, etc.

Unit Operations: reactor, separator, mixer, heat exchanger, pump, etc.

Processes: chemical, energy, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, fertilizers, pulp & paper, etc.

Large Systems: factories, complexes; regionality, environment, energy policy, etc.

Process Analysis - its direction is the opposite of Process Synthesis

PSE is concerned with the improvement of the decision making process for the creation and operation of the chemical supply chain

It deals with discovery, design, manufacture and distribution of chemical products in the context of many conflicting goals

Chemical supply chain today: integrated networks where a number of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers work together to acquire raw materials, convert them into chemical products, and deliver them to final customers

Starts at small, or micro-scale: ◦ molecules, molecular clusters, particles and thin films,

having

lengths between picometers and micrometers, and

times between picoseconds and seconds;

Continues at intermediate, or meso-scale: ◦ single and multiphase systems, process units, having

lengths between micrometers and millimeters, and

times between seconds and hours;

Ends at the large, or macro-scale: ◦ plant, site, enterprise having

lengths between millimeters and kilometers, and

times between hours and months

PSE dimensions ◦ inter-, trans-, and multi-disciplinary,

◦ multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder

PSE bridges: ◦ engineering disciplines (chemical, process, energy,

evironmental, mechanical, electrical, civil, biological, biomedical, etc.),

◦ technologies (chemical, pharmaceutical, bio-based, textile, mineral, metalurgy, binders, pulp & paper, agriculture, etc.), and

◦ sciences (chemistry, physics, mathematics, material sciences, and life sciences).

PSE dimensions ◦ inter-, trans-, and multi-disciplinary,

◦ multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder

PSE bridges: ◦ engineering disciplines (chemical, process, energy,

evironmental, mechanical, electrical, civil, biological, biomedical, etc.),

◦ technologies (chemical, bio-based, textile, mineral, metalurgy, binders, pulp & paper, agriculture, etc.), and

◦ sciences (chemistry, physics, mathematics, material sciences, and life sciences).

The WP CAPE (Computer Aided Process Engineering) is one of 19 WPs of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering (EFCE)

Established by Prof. Brusset in 1966 with the title "Programmes de Calculs de Routines et Emploi des Ordinateurs Electroniques"

Supported and promoteed CAPE research by ◦ providing a forum for new ideas and developments, ◦ preparing state-of-the-art reviews of CAPE

methods and tools, and ◦ inspiring new projects to meet emerging opportunities

It concerns management of complexity in systems involving physical and chemical change

1968: the first European event on Computer Applications in Chemical Engineering (CACE)

1968-1979: twelve annual symposia on CACE were organized

1980-1991: eleven annual symposia were organized under different names, one of them together with PSE’85

1992 2013: 22 annual ESCAPE conferences (European Symposium on CAPE) took place

1979-1999: conference proceedings published in Computers & Chemical Engineering

2000 Elsevier annual books of proceedings as Computer Aided Chemical Engineering Series

CAPE Forums for young engineers and scientists

EURECHA (European Committee for the Use of Computers in Chemical Engineering Education) development of computer aided teaching methods, since 1983

PRES International conferences on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction, established by Prof. Klemeš in the memory of Prof. Burianec in 1998 within the framework of International Congress of Chemical and Process Engineering, CHISA, Prague

CACHE Corporation (Computer Aids for Chemical Engineering, USA), organizes conferences on:

FOCAPD - Foundations of Computer Aided Process Design, in 2012 the 8th event

FOCAPO - Foundations of Computer Aided Process Operations, since 1987

CPC - Chemical Process Control, 2012 the 8th event

FOSBE – Foundations of Systems Biology and Engineering, since 2005

FOMMS – Foundations of Molecular Modeling and Simulation, in 2012 the 5th event took place

PSE ASIA - 6th event in 2013

Modelling and simulation Product and process design

Operations and control Novel industrial PSE applications

Business decision support PSE education

Modelling and simulation

◦ Multi-scale modelling and optimization (molecular and fluid flow, equipment, process and total sites

◦ Rigorous modelling of process equipment, hybrid rigorous and data driven models

◦ Large scale and global optimization models including uncertainty

◦ Information modelling and data mining

◦ Linking expertiments to models.

◦ *P. Glavič, Thirty Years of International Symposia on Process Systems Engineering, Current Opinion on Chemical Engineering, 2012, 1/4, 421–429

Product and process design ◦ Synthesis of complex separation systems, heat

exchanger, water networks

◦ Process integration, optimization and intensification

◦ Resource efficiency (raw materials, energy, people, information)

◦ Emissions, pollution, and waste reduction to approach zero, e.g. by carbon storage and capture, separation and reuse of materials (cradle to cradle)

◦ Raw material and energy base is changing from fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) to renewable ones.

Operations and control ◦ Data driven diagnosis and supervision

◦ Real time optimization, planning and scheduling

◦ Model-based control of distributed systems (reactors, separators, energy equipment)

◦ Environmentally safe production, storage and transportation systems

◦ Zero effluent emissions and wastes

◦ Safe and risk free production

◦ Integrated optimization of energy generation and consumption.

Novel industrial PSE applications ◦ Energy processing (renewables, biomass, waste to

energy, energy use minimization)

◦ Biological and biochemical systems (wood, algae, organic waste as chemical raw materials, biofuels)

◦ Materials processing (nano-, composite-, bio-materials)

◦ Biomedical processes (pharmaceuticals; modelling of molecules, cells, and organs; drug delivery)

◦ Environmental processes (5Rs: Reduce, Recycle, Reuse, Recover, Repair)

Business decision support ◦ Enterprise-wide optimization ◦ Supply chain and logistics ◦ Planning and scheduling of process networks ◦ Information, knowledge and innovation

processing, and management

PSE education ◦ New curricula and courses ◦ Novel methods in learning, teaching and problem

solving ◦ Textbooks, case studies, guides, problems,

quizzes, videos, PowerPoint presentations

Definitions Cassification Terminology

Sustainable Development (SD) meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs*: ◦ emphasizes the development of society, not growth ◦ is responsible from economic point of view ◦ is in accordance with environment.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC

◦ next report will include black carbon particles info: ◦ CO2 1.6 W/m2, carbon particles 1.1 W/m2; 20 years ◦ Our company Aerosol holds 80 % of the global

measuring equipment market, with our Pipistrel, ◦ global leader in ultralight planes, measured 80 Mm

* Bruntland G, et al. Our common future: The World

Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford

University Press, Oxford, 1987.

Principle is a fundamental concept, serving as a basis for action, a framework for a more complex system, e.g.

Environmental principles: ◦ Minimization of Resource Usage (MRU)

◦ Source Reduction (SR); Factor 4, Factor 10 (FX)

◦ Renewable Resources (R2)

◦ Recycling (RE), Reuse (RU), Repair (RP), Recovery (RV), Regeneration (RG), Remanufacturing (RF)

◦ Purification (P) and End-of-Pipe Treat (EoP)

◦ Degradation (DE)

Economic and Societal principles Eco-efficiency (E2) Environmental Accounting (EA) Ethical Investments (EI) Social Responsibility (SRE) Health & Safety (HS) Polluter Pays principle (PP) Reporting to the Stakeholders (RS), e.g. ◦ Global Reporting Initiative, GRI of the World

Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

Approach contains a group or cluster of principles related to the same topic, building a more complex system

Environmental approaches: ◦ Cleaner Production (CP) ◦ Pollution Control (PC) ◦ Eco-design (ED) ◦ Green Chemistry (GC) ◦ Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ◦ Waste Minimization (WM) ◦ Zero Waste (ZW)

Sub-system is a part of a more complex system: ◦ It consists of approaches, connected together, and

presents strategies that are to be met in order to achieve integral conservation of environment and contribute to the human welfare

Environmental sub-systems: ◦ Green Technology and Engineering (GTE)

◦ Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)

◦ Industrial Ecology (IE)

◦ Pollution Prevention (PP)

System is a group of interdependent and interrelated sub-systems, comprising a coherent entity ◦ Sub-systems function together as a whole to

accomplish the Sustainable Development (SD)

Sustainable systems: ◦ Responsible Care (RC)

◦ Sustainable Production (SP)

◦ Sustainable Consumption (SC)

◦ Circular Economy (CE)

Globalization National debts

Resources and sinks

Globalization ◦ New equilibria in work places distribution, wages,

social rights, employment, R & D, etc.

Country debts ◦ External and public debts (interest payment)

Limited resources and sinks ◦ Extinction of raw materials (fossil fuels, minerals

and metals); GHGs, and climate change

No limits to creativity, smart and busy work ◦ Education, R & D, Innovations, Entrepreneurship

GDP of China in PPP (Purchasing Power Parity) is higher than those of USA, EU, or Japan

Car market (millions sold): ◦ China 18.4, USA 12.8, EU 11.8

Chinese R&D expenditure has surpassed the one of EU this year, but

China’s rise in salaries makes the investments in India, Brazil and other BRICS countries more attractive

Therefore, China has to invest in education, R & D, innovations, new technologies, PSE & SD

Source: Human Development Report 2013

Structural reforms (pensions, labour market, social rights, control of salaries)

Increased resource usage and efficiency

Investments in quality education and skills, research, technological development, innovations, entrepreneurship, exports

Ethics (modesty, honesty), and consensus on national, EU, and global levels, like in:

◦ Scandinavian/Baltic countries; Germany, Switzerland, Austria

Country External debt as a fraction of GDP in %

Public Debt as a fraction of GDP in %

Japan 45 198

USA 103 62

European Union 85 88

•Greece 174 143

•Italy 108 119

•Portugal 223 112

•Germany 142 82

•Spain 84 72

•Slovenia 112 48

China 9 19

Russia 23 9

Higher interest rates for governmental-, bank-, and company-loans

Recession instead of the development Lower social standard (education, health-,

public- and social-services) Unemployment, especially of younger and

older population

Mobility across the borders, South North Powerty, social exclusion, decohesion Political crisis ans extremists’ movements State/Union disaggregation possible

Resources extinction: fossil fuels, raw materials (metals, ores and minerals): ◦ increased pressure on resources

◦ price elevations

Climate change

Population increase (and aging) ◦ Food, synthetic inorganic fertilizers (critical: phosphorus

95 % import, little recycling, high losses, low efficiencies)

EU: Beyond GDP initiative ◦ enlarged GDP indicators

◦ social, well-being indicators

◦ environmental indicators

Others: UN - RIO+20, OECD - Green Growth?)

2 4 10 12 14 17

21 23 28 29 31

36 42 43 44 45 47 49 50

74

103

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Luxem

bourg

Norw

ay

Neth

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Austr

ia

Irela

nd

Germ

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Denm

ark

Fin

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Spain

Italy

Slo

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Czech R

epublic

Port

ugal

Slo

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Esto

nia

Pola

nd

Hungary

Lit

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Cro

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a

Rom

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Ukra

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GDP per capita in 2011, Country Comparison

Source: World Economic Outlook Database, International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Ran

k

1 4

7 11

16 17 20 21

28

36

45

88

102

-

20

40

60

80

100

120 Sw

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and

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Hungary

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Rank

Environmental Performance Index 2012, country rankings

Country rankings, year 2010 Country rankings, year 2012

Source: Environmental Performance Index (EPI)

Environmental health (effects on human): ◦ air (particulate matter, indoor pollution)

◦ water (drinking water, sanitation)

◦ environmental burden of diseases (child mortality)

Ecosystem Vitality (ecosystem effects): ◦ agriculture (subsidies, pesticide regulation)

◦ air (SO2 per capita & per GDP)

◦ biodiversity and habitat (marine, biome) protection

◦ climate change (CO2 per capita, per GDP, per kW h)

◦ fisheries (trawling intensity, stock overexploited)

◦ forests (cover, growing stock, loss)

◦ water use

103 105 114 118 120 122 123 126 127 129 131 132 133 137 139 141

146

3.5

9

3.9

4

4.1

9

4.5

2

4.5

7

4.6

6

4.7

1

4.7

7

4.9

1

5.0

1

5.2

1

5.2

7

5.2

9

5.7

1

6.2

1

6.3

4

8.2

5

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Hungary

Pola

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Germ

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Ecological footprint 2012, country rankings

Rank Ecological Footprint WWF (World Wide Fund For Nature)

44

Schurz J (1987), Ökosysteme in systemtheoretischer Hinsicht. CLB Chemie für Labor

und Betrieb, 38/9, 461-466. Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Universität Graz.

HPI = Experienced well-being Life Expectancy

Ecological Footprint

Global measure of progress

Happiness does not have to cost the Earth

Shows that people can live long, happy lives

without using more than their fair share of

the Earth's resources per capita: 1.8 ha

Combines environmental impact with human well-being

International ranking (151 countries), 2012

Different picture of the wealth and poverty of nations

The Happy Planet Index: A global index of sustainable well-being

Country Life

Expectancy

Experienced

well-being

Ecological

Footprint

Happy Planet

Index Rank

Costa Rica 79.3 7.3 2.5 64.0 1

Germany 80.4 6.7 4.6 47.2 46

Austria 80.9 7.3 5.3 47.1 48

Netherlands 80.7 7.5 6.3 43.1 67

Ireland 80.6 7.3 6.2 42.4 73

Romania 74.0 4.9 2.8 42.2 75

Croatia 76.6 5.6 4.2 40.6 82

Slovenia 79.3 6.1 5.2 40.2 87

Ukraine 68.5 5.1 3.2 37.6 100

Hungary 74.4 4.7 3.6 37.4 104

Lithuania 72.2 5.1 4.4 34.6 120

Luxembourg 80.0 7.1 10.7 29.0 138

all 3 good 2 good &

1 medium

1 good &

2 medium

3 medium 1 poor 2 poor or

EFP bad

HPI peaks at GDP 5 000 $/cap

The Beyond GDP initiative – develop indicators ◦ as clear and appealing as GDP but

◦ more inclusive on environmental and social aspects of progress

Resource efficiency indicators, key categories: ◦ materials

◦ energy (and climate)

◦ water

◦ land use

Gross National Happiness (Bhutan)

World Happiness Report* *J. Helliwell, R. Layard and J. Sachs, The Earth Institute,

Columbia University

1 2 4 6 10

13 16

30

49

58 60

80

91 96

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Denm

ark

Fin

land

Neth

erl

ands

Sw

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and

Irela

nd

Austr

ia

Luxem

bourg

Germ

any

Slo

venia

Cro

ati

a

Lit

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Rom

ania

Ukra

ine

Hungary

Source: World Happiness Report, 2012

World Happiness Index, Cantril Ladder by Country, Gallup (GWP), 2005–2011

Club of Rome, 1968 (A. Peccei, A. King, etc.)

The Limits to Growth*, 1972, World 3 model: ◦ interactions between the Eart’s and human systems

◦ 5 variables: world population, industrialization, pollution, food production, resource depletion

◦ altering growth trends feed-back patterns

◦ 2 scenarios “overshoot and collapse”, 3rd stabilized

Beyond the Limits, 1993

Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update, 2004

A Comparison of LtG with 30 Years of Reality ◦ 2008: conclusions surprisengly valid, pioneering r.

Donella and Dennis Meadows, Jorgen Randers, William Behrens

Scenario 9: World Seeks Stable Population and Stable lowers Pollution, and Resource usage, and applies Organic Agricultural Technologies

In this scenario population and industrial output are limited, and in addition technologies are added to abate pollution, conserve resources, increase land yield, and protect agricultural land. The resulting society is sustainable: Nearly 8 billion people live with high human welfare and a continously

declining ecological footprint.

Source: http://www.sustainer.org/pubs/limitstogrowth.pdf

• Smart growth: –Digital Agenda for Europe

– Innovation Union

– Youth on the move

• Sustainable growth: – Resource efficient Europe

–An industrial policy for the globalisation era

• Inclusive growth: –An agenda for new skills and jobs

– European platform against poverty

Sustainable comsumption and production ◦ Improving products and changing consumption

patterns

◦ Boosting efficient production

Turning waste into a resource

Supporting research and innovation

Environmentally harmful subsidies ◦ Phasing out inefficient subsidies

Prices: ◦ Getting the prices right and reorienting the

burden of taxation (green tax reform)

Sustainable supply in the EU: Tackling the challenges in commodity markets and

on raw materials, COM(2011) 25 final, e.g.

Au: 168 kt mined (104 private), +50 kt available

Pt : (7.5 m)3, 90 kt still available (South Africa), catalyst prod. 465 t/a at 5 g/g (2 g/g in the road dust)

Recycling and resource efficiency

European Innovation Partnership (EIP): ◦ 1st Sherpa meeting, January 2013

◦ 1st High Level Steering Group meeting, Febr. 2013

◦ Innovation Network on Substitution of Critical RM, April, 2013

◦ Exploration, mining, extraction, processing, recycling, substitution

Economic importance, supply risk, country risk

14 critical raw materials (minerals and metals)

High supply risk ◦ China (Sb, Be, fluorspar, Ga, Ge, graphite, In, Mg, rare

earths, W)

◦ Russia (Pt group metals)

◦ Congo (Co, Ta)

◦ Brazil (Nb, Ta)

EC Trade policy actions are including: ◦ Ecodesign, recycling, substitution, more efficient use

◦ Best practice in collection and treatment of key waste

◦ Control of illegal waste shipments, inspection standards

How Reliable were Predictions in History? Kondratiev Waves What can we do?

“This ‘telephone’ has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication.

The device is inherently of no value to us”

Western Union Internal Memo, 1876

“Everything that can be invented has been invented”

Charles H. Duell, Commissioner, US Office of Patents, 1899

*CSIRO Forum Sixth Wave - James Moody, 18 August 2010

“I think there is a world market for maybe five computers”

Tomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

“Computers in the future may weight no more than 1.5 t (tonnes)”

Popular Mechanics, 1949

“There is no reason anyone would want a computer in his home”

Ken Olson, Present Chairman and Founder of

Digital Equipment Corp, 1977

“640k [of RAM] ought to be enough for anybody” Bill Gates, Chairman of Microsoft, 1981

46

35

31

18

13

7 0

10

20

30

40

50

electricity

(1873)

phone (1876) radio (1897) color TV

(1951)

mobile phone

(1983)

World Wide

Web (1991)

Time in years needed for the prevalence of technology

amongst 25 % of U.S. population

Source: Global Trends 2030

Tim

e in y

ears

From consumption to resource-efficiency, ◦ break away from resource-dependence

Economic growth will no longer be tied to ◦ resource consumption or waste production

Technologies ranging from clean technology ◦ to digital mapping, to online collaboration

Traditional physical and geographical boundaries will mean nothing – ◦ everything and everyone will be online

Industry will realise value from services ◦ rather than from resource-intensive products

*James Bradfield Moody & Bianca Nogrady, The Sixth Wave, Random House, North Sidney, 2010

The 5th wave

The 6th wave

Information & Commu-nication Technology

Materials: composites, semiconductors

Energy: nuclear and gas

Corporate organization: network linkage

Minimise transaction cost, e.g. e-mail/letter

Gl. finance: uncontrolled

Democracy: indirect

Resource efficiency, clean technology

Materials: nano-, bio-, eco-materials

Energy: renewable Corporate organization:

cooperatives, SMEs Minimise waste, maxim.

resource efficiency

Glob. finance: controlled Democracy: direct

PSE adoptions ETIP SusChem plans

Future trends

Pinch Analyses: ◦ Energy (Bodo Linnhoff, 1977)

◦ Mass Exchange Networks (El-Halwagi and Manousiouthakis, 1987)

◦ Analysis of emissions for total sites (Dhole and Linnhoff, 1992)

◦ 1st International Process Integration Conference, 1992; the 20-Year Jubilee: March 2013

◦ Water Pinch (Wang and Smith, 1994)

◦ Hydrogen Pinch (Hallale et al., 2003)

◦ Carbon Emission Pinch Analysis (Tan and Foo, 2007)

Modeling, simulation, optimization, control, intensification, supply chains and networks, ...

+ National Technology Platforms (NTPs) and ECRNs FP-7 budget: 300 M€/a inspired by SusChem thinking WG-3: Reaction and Process Design Eropean Innovation Partnerships (EIPs) projects: ◦ Raw Materials ◦ Water ◦ Smart Home, Cities and Communities ◦ Active and Healthy Aging ◦ Educate to Innovate programme

Financial Instruments and projects: ◦ Horizon 2020, Structural Fonds, Eu Inv Bank, Risk Capital ◦ SPIRE PPP ◦ BRIDGE PPP: ◦ Key Enabling Technologies ◦ Advanced Materials ◦ CO2 utilization

High Performance and Light Weight

Advanced composites ◦ Printed electronics, self healing materials, high

performance coatings, thin films, encapsulation m.

Energy ◦ Thermal & electrical energy storage, capacitors, waste

heat recovery, hydrogen storage, insulation

◦ Energy production – PV, solar: cooling & concentrated

Circular Economy Materials from bio-based feedstock

Others ◦ Smart textiles, materials & solutions for air quality

Value chains: 1. from lignocellulosic feedstock to fuels, chemicals, etc.

2. next generation forest based, new AddValue products

3. next generation agro-based, “ and markets

4. from organic waste valuable products

5. integrated biorefineries – sugar, wood, pulp & paper + energy, composites, chemicals (colourants, pharma, ...)

R&D projects & topics, demonstrations

Flagship projects ◦ to optimise technology, ensure price competitiveness

◦ abandoned industrial sites into biorefineries

Supporting projects: clustering, networking, SMEs

Synergies with ither EU initiatives

Reduce, reuse, recycle, replace, retrofit, reinvent

Ambitions:

30 % reduction in fossil energy intensity

20 % reduction in non-renewable raw materials

40 % improvement in GHGs emissions

Extend potential improvements beyond PIs

Six key components: ◦ Alternative and renewable feedstocks, including waste ◦ Efficient processing and energy systems, proc. control ◦ Application: new processes and products, plant design ◦ Waste to resources: waste avoidance, valorisation, reuse ◦ Horizontal: evaluation tools, education and skills, best p. ◦ Outreach: realisation of impact through awareness

New raw material base for process industries (biomass, waste, photosynthesis from CO2 using algae, and inorganic synthesis)

Resource efficiency (materials, energy, water, human, financial)

Waste minimization, down to zero waste; the remaining waste to materials, energy, or fuels

LCA (Life Cycle Approaches): LC analysis, costing, ... Advanced energy systems (renewable sources,

combined heat and power, poly-generation, carbon capture, storage and reuse)

Novel combustion and gasification technologies Smart mobility: second generation bio-fuels,

electrochemical cells and batteries

Supply chains, and value chains, logistics

More efficient systems and equipment

Networks integration and optimization

Sustainable and intelligent product design

Chemicals and process safety and risk reduction; public and occupational health, standardisation, regulation and legislation

Design for environment and resource efficiency

Further development of PSE methods and tools

Education of competitive PS engineers with visionary, strategic and responsible thinking

Challenges Initiatives Activities

Future challenges of PSE: ◦ Recycling of materials, energy, water, information

◦ Recovery and reuse of valuable sources from industrial and consumer products

◦ Turning carbon emissions into valuable resources

◦ Bio- and medical engineering

◦ New processes and products, environmentally sound, societally beneficial, and economically robust

Strong players in CPI from BRICS countries ◦ Require renewed strategy

Flagship initiatives: ◦ Resource and energy efficiencies

◦ Bio-based industries

◦ Raw materials and water

◦ Smart cities and communities

◦ Sustainable agriculture - feedstocks and products

Activity areas and shift of thinking: ◦ Research and innovation

◦ Education and skills

◦ Inter- and multi-disciplinary interfaces

◦ Cross sectoral activites along supply & value chains

◦ Green chemistry and biotechnology

CAPE community shall: ◦ Strengthen cooperation of national research units

◦ Apply for European and intercontinental projects

◦ Interface with math & sciences on product design

◦ Spread research to all process industries, (bio)medical and other engineering actors, using modeling, simulation, integration, intensification, (multi-variable) optimization, design, operations, dynamics, and control

from processes to supply/value chains & networks

Socially responsible and sustainable universities shall contribute to the new paradigm of

low but highly efficient usage of resources

peter.glavic@um.si