8/10/2019 Part 2. The Free South Africa Movement and Anti-Apartheid Legislative Change in the United States 1 .2

1/2

Stewart Mills

2 February 2011

Appendix Appendix 1. A comparison of models relevant to the public advocacyProblem-solving

approach

Grassroots Advocacy

Manual

Cohens Advocacy

Model

Staples Campaign template Hunts evaluation (replacing

Jubilee with FSAM) 2001

Fisher Principled

Negotiation

1. Identifypublic

policy concern andresponse (ie goal

setting)

Mobilizing our

community

Objectives: What do we

want?

A. Identification of goal Goal achievement- What was the

objectives of the campaign? Howwere they set and did they change?

Were they achieved?

A. Setting the

boundaries

2. Explorecauses for

the problem and

means to address it

Getting the message

right

[ACTON

Advantages,

Challenges, Threats,

Opportunities, Next

Steps cf SWOT

analysis]

Discussing the problem

in our community

Who are we? What is the

problem? What is our

vision for change? What

objective will we focus

on?

Process of goalformulation

a. Identification of where the powerlies

in effecting the change

b. Identifying the legal frameworkin

which the decision will be made

c. Identifying the relevant time framein

relation to the decision-makers

Organisational structureof the

Free South Africa Movement

1. Identify

Relationships

2. Communication

B. Identifying

motivating forces

3. Positions

4. Interests

3. Set goalsto

respond to the public

policy concern

4. Look at

alternativesat a

better policy and

campaign tactics

5. Select

Policy/Campaign

Tactics

Collecting information

and evidence

Audiences: Who has the

power to make it happen?

Who are the key decision-

makers and key pressure

makers?

d. Identify resourcesavailable:

a.Finances

b.

eople to work on strategy

c.Data about your opposition

d.

ources of current research, behind the

scene sympathizers

e.Identification of gaps in resources

How effective was the decision-

makingwithin the network?

C. Creating a

possible resolution

Agreeing on the

Change we want

e. Ensure constitutentshave input for

developing goals of the campaign and

feel ownership

Resource use- How effective were

resources used during the

campaign?

5. Alternatives

Working together with

other groups

Diagnosis: What is

possible?

f. Is the original goal consistentwith the

above? Modify if necessary. Yes, is

consistent.

Alliance building- What were the

strategies used to build an alliance?

How significant as the alliance?

6. Options

6. Implement Identifying the people What is our capacity to B. Develop alliancesand actively create Internal Communication- How D. Making a

8/10/2019 Part 2. The Free South Africa Movement and Anti-Apartheid Legislative Change in the United States 1 .2

2/2

Stewart Mills (2-Feb-11)

17

Policy/Campaign

tactics

getting the message

out

a.lobbying campaign,

public actions,

education campaign,

media campaign,

fundraising

campaign, training

and empowerment,

itigation?

who can make the

changes we want

engage in advocacy?

What is the external

environment like?

[ACTON Advantages,

Challenges, Threats,

Opportunities, Next Steps

cf SWOT analysis]

support groups, if appropriate.

C. Develop an internal

communicationsstrategy (CS) for

constituent allies.

D. Develop an ongoing publicmedia

strategy relevant to the goal.

E. Develop the materialsyou need to

publicise your issue e .g. pamphlets,

videos, posters, websites, email list, etc.

did FSAM communicate to

supporters, other NGOs/civil

society, media , government etc?

decision

7. Evaluateactions

to your original

goals.

[ongoing campaign;

succession options]

Preparing to take action Action plan: How do we

get started?

F. Identify and researchopponentsand

opposing arguments

What campaign tactics(protest,

civil disobedience, lobbying) were

used? What were particularly

effective and why?

7. Legitimacy

Checking our results How do we move eachaudience to make or not

block-change?

How will we protect

group members from

risk?

What is our work plan?

What is our back-up plan?

G. Identify if litigationmight berelevant at any stage

Relationship with South Africa-What was the relationship with anti-

Apartheid groups in South Africa?

How strong were they? What value

did they bring?

8.

Commitment

Evaluation How do we

know our plan is

working?

H. Continually reassessthe progress and

adapt the campaign strategy according to

the fresh reassessment.

Relationship with transnational

anti-Apartheid activists- What

was the relationship with FSAN

with other international anti-

Apartheid campaigns?

What has changed in theshort term?

What has changed in the

long term?

I. Continually educate, train andempoweryour supporter and

constitutents

Other effect on campaigners life divorce, break-downs, depress ion,

suicide