On the Waterfront 3

8/7/2019 On the Waterfront 3

1/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 1 }

o n t h e wa t e r f r o n t 2 0 0 1

On the Waterfront

n e w s l e t t e r n o . 3o f t h e f r i e n d s

o f t h e i i s h

2 0 0 1


2/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 2 }

o n t h e w a t e r f r o n t 2 0 0 1

Introduction

In the Friends of the was established. Published half a year ago, the rst issue of this newslettercontained the proceedings of the rst two meetings of the Friends, held on June and December .At the time we announced that the Friends of the Newsletter would appear twice a year. As you willsee for yourself in this third issue, our young Friends are doing very well, although we certainly welcomenew members. In the previous issue we reported on the rst donations allocated to the . The presentissue features selected illustrations from the magnicent Ottoman magazines purchased with part of thesedonations.

c o l o p h o n

i n t e r n at i o n a l i n s t i t u t e o f s o c i a l h i s to r y

c r u qu i u s w e g 3 1 1 0 1 9 a t a m s t e rd a m

t e l . + 3 1 2 0 6 6 8 5 8 6 6 f a x + 3 1 2 0 6 6 5 4 1 8 1 w w w. i i s g . n l i n f. g e n @ i i s g . n l

e d i t o r s : j a n l u c a s s e n a n d m i e k e i j z e r m a n s d e s k - e d i t i n g : b a r t h a g e r a at s

t r a n s l a t i o n s : l e e m i t z m a n p r o d u c t i o n c o o r d i n a t i o n : a a d b l o k

d e s i g n a n d l ay o u t : r u pa r o ( i v o s i k k e m a ) p r i n t e d , w i t h g e n e r o u s s u p p o rt , b y: a - d d r u k

b . v. , z e i s t i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e c o l l e c t i o n s : b o u w e h i j m a , j a c k h o f m a n , w i m l e e n d e r t s e ,

p i e t l o u r e n s , c o e n m a r i n u s , z l f i k a r z d o g a n , k e e s r o d e n b u r g , w i l l e m v a n s c h e n d e l ,

c o s e e g e r s , e e f v e r m e i j , e l s w a g e n a a r

c o m p o s i t i o n o f t h e b o a rd : c h a i r m a n / t re a s u re r : j a n l u c a s s e n

c o - c h a i rw o m a n : m i e k e i j z e r m a n s s e c re t a ry : b a r t h ag e r a at s

m e m b e r s : l i e s b e t h l a m a n - m e y e r, b r a m s t e m e r d i n k , g e r v e r r i p s

f r o n t p a g e :

t r u n k s f r o m

t h e w e r t h e i m

a r c h i v e s i n

t h e t e m p o -

r a r y s t o r e -

r o o m .

p h o t o g r a p h

b y a k i k o

t o b u , 1 9 9 9

Members of the Friends of theiishpay annual dues of two hundred or one thousand guilders or join with alifetime donation of three thousand guilders or more. From January, these amounts will be ,

and,. In return, members are invited to semi-annual sessions featuring presentations ofiishacquisitions andguest speakers. These guest speakers deliver lectures on their eld of research, which does not necessarily concerntheiishcollection. The presentation and lecture are followed by a reception. In addition to these semi-annual

gatherings, all Friends receive a forty-percent discount on iishpublications. Friends paying dues of one thousandguilders or more are also entitled to choose Institute publications from a broad selection offered at no charge.

The board consults the Friends about allocation of the dues and delivers an annual nancial report inconjunction with theiishadministration.

Theiish

was founded by master collector Nicolaas Posthumus (-) in thes. For the past decade,

two of the institutes established by this history entrepreneur have operated from the same premises: theneha(Netherlands Economic History Archive) since and the International Institute of Social History (iish),

which is now over sixty-ve years old. Both institutes are still collecting, although the subsidiaryiishhas grownfar larger than the parentneha.

(Detailed information about theiishappears in: Maria Hunink De papieren van de revolutie. Het Internation-aal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis-, Amsterdam , and in: Jan Lucassen Tracing the past.Collections and research in social and economic history; The International Institute of Social History, The

Netherlands Economic History Archive and related institutions, Amsterdam ; in addition, Mies Campfensreviews archives in De Nederlandse archieven van het Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis teAmsterdam, Amsterdam (), and Jaap Haag and Atie van der Horst have compiled the Guide to

the International Archives and Collections at theiish, Amsterdam, Amsterdam ). For all informationconcerning the Friends, contact Mieke Ijzermans at theiish([email protected]).


3/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 3 }


p re s e n t a t i o n o f t h e

a c q u i s i t i o n s

During the past half year the has acquired eighty archive collec-tions, including new ones and accruals. The obtainedseveral new collections and sup-plements as well. In addition, var-ious other major library dona-tions and acquisitions arrived.So we had plenty of items to

present. In addition to personalpreferences and a sample of pe-riods and regions, the selectionhighlighted workers culture, la-bour migrations and labour re-lationships. The following para-graphs review the selection fromten collections.

t i m e p a s s e s q u i c k l y

Mutual insurance provisions elic-

it substantial interest, especiallyat the Institutes Research De-partment; in recent years severalworthwhile studies have beenpublished on the subject via theand the , such as bySandra Bos Uyt liefde tot mal-cander. Onderlinge hulpverleningbinnen de Noord-Nederlandse gil-den in internationaal perspectief[Love thy neighbour. Mutual aidwithin the guilds of the NorthernNetherlands in an international con-

text], and by Joost van GenabeekMet vereende kracht risicos ver-zacht. De plaats van onderlingehulp binnen de negentiende-eeuwseparticuliere regelingen van socialezekerheid [Joining forces to reducerisks. The role of mutual aid innineteenth-century private socialsecurity provisions]. Jacques vanGerwen and Marco van Leeuwenedited the large anthologyStudiesover zekerheidsarrangementen. Ri-sicos, risicobestrijding en verzeke-

ringen in Nederland vanaf de Mid-deleeuwen [Studies about securityprovisions. Risks, risk prevention

and insurance since the MiddleAges]and jointly wrote the four-volume workZoeken naar ze-kerheid. Risicos, preventie, verzeke-ringen en andere zekerheidsregelin-gen in Nederland, - [Thesearch for security. Risks, prevention,insurance and other security provi-sions in the Netherlands, -],which is the culmination of re-search efforts in this eld for thetime being. All these studies reveal

that insurance provisions for mas-ter craftsmen and sometimes evenfor their journeymen existed asfar back as the Middle Ages. Thenumber of such boxes rose es-pecially rapidly during the eight-eenth century. Ideas that social se-curity began with national legisla-tion at the end of the nineteenthcentury are unfounded.

The Special CollectionsDepartment welcomed the dona-tion of several incomplete archives

of mutual insurances. Because vir-tually no administrative data orrecords of mutual funds remain,the donation from the Neder-

landse Genealogische Vereniging[Dutch genealogical society] inWeesp of the documents con-cerning a half dozen boxes wasvery welcome. The fact that the had refused these same itemsfrom Professor J.H. Wansink,

Esq., of the Verzekeringsinstituut[insurance institute] in Rotterdamreects the change in views overthe past decade.

The most important and old-est of the collections is the Vrij-willige Algemeene BegrafenisbusMijn glas loopt ras [Voluntarygeneral burial box Time passesquickly], which was founded inHaarlem in as the Vrij-willige Algemeene Bos tot Be-graaffenissen en Onderstand aan

Hoogbejaarden, voor Haarlem-mers zonder confessie [Volun-tary general box for burials andsupport for elderly, non-denomi-national Haarlem residents]. Theideal of insurance for the elderlysoon proved too ambitious, andthe box later expanded its cov-erage outside the town as well.The documents acquired begin in, with a few dues bookletssubmitted and some board doc-uments presented. Additional re-

search should yield a social break-down of those who contributed tothe box. Various remarks indicatethat most of the members were

Third friends day: June

m e m b e r s o f

m u t u a l i n -

s u r a n c e

f u n d s r e -

c e i v e d b o o k -

l e t s f o r

r e c o r d i n gt h e i r p a y -

m e n t s . s o m e -

t i m e s p a y -

m e n t s w e r e

i n d i c a t e d b y

s t a m p s f e a -

t u r i n g s y m -

b o l s , a s i n a

b o o k l e t f r o m

1 8 8 8 o f t h e

h a a r l e m b o x

t i m e p a s s e s

q u i ck l y .

n e h a s p e c i a l

c o l l e c t i o n s

5 8 9


4/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 4 }


master craftsmen and their spous-es, but that there was a crowdof commoners as well, accordingto a complaint from . Theboard was remarkably interestedin verse, also for festive occasions.Cancellations would be composedin rhyme (/): Ick bennoch te ayvich, noch te veghe/ Maar ick maacke mynen bal-ghe leghe./ Met Rhabarber, cumannexis/ Dus en kan ick nietcoomen/ ick ben Ulieder dienaar

vroome/ Jan Alexis. [While I amneither dead nor dying, / I amemptying my bowels, /with rhu-barb, as well/ So I cannot come/Your humble servant/ Jan Alex-is].

National industry exhibitionsas precursors to the World Fairs,-Although master craftsmen stillconsiderably outnumbered indus-trial workers in the nineteenth

century, contemporaries regardedtheir century nonetheless as theera of the Industrial Revolution.

Pride in the achievements in thiseld gave rise to a new phenom-enon: national industrial exhibi-tions, which were in turn the pre-cursors to the international orworld fair. The rst one was theinspiring London World Fair: in

May Queen Victoria openedthe Great Exhibition of the Worksof Industry of All Nations at theCrystal Palace built in Hyde Parkfor that purpose. The Times de-scribed the opening as the rstmorning since the creation of theworld that all peoples have assem-bled from all parts of the worldand done a common act. On therst day over , people came,and by the time the event closedin October, over six million had

visited the Palace (about per-cent of the British population).Throughout the preparations, theproject had consistently met withscepticism and disinterest. TheLondon World Fair is generallyviewed as the rst of a series thatis still in progress; the most re-cent one took place in Hanover in.

The world fairs featured anoverview of what was economical-ly and culturally modern and in-

novative at the time. While somechauvinism is inevitable, the vast collection on the subject isa veritable treasure trove for eco-nomic historians. On the ex-hibition alone, the list of pub-lications that appeared between and covers several pages.The Economic History Libraryhas long had an extensive cata-logued collection of jury reports,country presentations, reports byvisitors, catalogues and the like.

Although few opportunities areavailable for expanding the collec-tion - most of the missing publi-cations are now very costly - wehope to add to the collection. Weare especially interested in the ear-ly period and the precursors tothe rst world fair. Co Seegersmanaged to obtain several impor-tant antiquarian additions for the from this era. This complexof early industrial exhibitions cer-tainly merits additional review.

The series of world fairs thatbegan in obviously had someprecursors. Since the Napoleonic

Era, France had a virtually un-interrupted tradition of nationaland selectively international in-dustrial exhibitions. The rst one,which was organized in ,was already a big success. In thedecades that followed exhibitions

were held in , ( par-ticipants), , and (, participants). The scopewas limited, however, mainly forfear of the British economic he-gemony. The primary purpose ofthe exhibitions was to show do-mestic products to consumers andinvestors. The exhibition wasthe rst genuine world fair.

Although the Dutch entry tothe world fair of did notreect the state of the art and

did little to inform the world ofthe countrys industrial status, itsshortcomings were certainly notattributable to inexperience. Atthe time the Netherlands alreadyhad an extended tradition oflargely national exhibitions. Therst one was held in , organ-ized by the Nederlandsche Maat-schappij van Nijverheid [Dutchindustrial society] and was clear-ly inspired by the French exhi-bitions of, and .

In the years following the periodunder French occupation, ex-hibitions were held in Ghent(), Haarlem () and Brus-sels (). After the secession ofthe South, however, Belgium tookover the national exhibitions, asexemplied by the one in Meche-len in .The following works were pre-sented:Exposition publique des produits delindustrie Franaise(Paris, )

Baron Louis Costaz (Ed.) Rapportdu jury central de lexposition de sur les produits de lindustriefranaise(Paris, )Antoine-Marie, Hron de Ville-fosse Rapport fait au jury central delexposition de lindustrie Franaisede lanne, sur les objets relat-ifs a la mtallurgie, et augment dequelques annotations(Paris, )Catalogue des produits de lindustrieMalinoise lexposition de(Mechelen, )

Sharp/ Granville The Gilbart PrizeEssay on the adoption of recent dis-coveries and inventions in science

t h e g u i d e

a c c o m p a n y -

i n g t h e

t h i r d e x h i -

b i t i o n w h i c h

wa s h e l d i n

p a r i s i n 1 8 0 1 .

e h b c o l l e c -

t i o n


5/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 5 }


and art to the purpose of practicalbanking(London, ).

Luigi (-) and Luce(-) FabbriBack in the acquired a

large part of the Luigi Fabbri col-lection, followed in by a ma-jor portion of his daughter Lucesarchive. In January our spe-cialist for the Latin countries KeesRodenburg packed up the rest ofthe archive of both Luigi and Luceunder the granddaughters super-vision and sent it to the . Sev-eral items were presented. In addi-tion to correspondence, Luigi andLuces archive comprises manu-scripts, countless old photographs

and assorted material concerningMalatesta.

From Montevideo, Uruguay,Luce and his daughter maintaineda vast network with like-mindedindividuals in Italy and elsewhere.

Luigi Fabbri was born in An-cona, Italy, studied under the an-archist Malatesta and ed to Par-is shortly after Mussolini seized

power in . At the urging ofhis friend Abad de Santillan heleft Paris for Montevideo in ,where he lived until his death in. In Uruguay Luigi was theexecutive editor of the journal

Studi Sociali (of which all issuesare present at the ).

His daughter Luce carried onwith her fathers work after his

i d c a rd

i s s u e d i n

m o n t e v i d e o ,

u ru g u ay i n

a u g u s t 1 9 3 0

t o t h e

i ta l i a n

a n a rc h i s tl u i g i f a b b r i

( 1 8 7 7 - 1 9 3 5 ) ,

w h e re h e

l i v e d i n

e x i l e f r o m

1 9 2 9 u n t i l

h i s d e a t h i n

1 9 3 5 .

i i s h , f a b b r i

a r c h i v e

l u i g i f a b b r i s a d d re s s b o o k

a t t h e e n d o f h i s l i f e

r e v e a l s h o w e x t e n s i ve h i s

i n t e r n at i o n a l n e t wo r k wa s ,

e v e n w h e n h e l i v e d i n m o n -

t ev i d e o . a t t h e t o p l e f t i s

t h e a d d r e s s o f t h e i i s h

( w h i c h h a d r e c e n t ly b e e n

e s ta b l i s h e d ) , w i t h m a x

n e t t l a u a s o n e o f t h e e a r -

l i e s t s ta f f m e m b e r s ; t o t h e

r i g h t i s a l b e rt e i n s t e i n s

a d d r e s s .

i i s h , f a b b r i a rc h i ve


6/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 6 }


in : the Nederlandsche Vege-tarirs Bond. Esquire Ortt fromGroningen became the drivingforce behind the organization.Originally an engineer at the De-partment of Public Works, hequickly turned into a full-time

idealist as a Tolstoyan or a Chris-tian-anarchist and, consequently,as a vegetarian as well. In thosedays vegetarians were often nat-uralists or Esperantists and sup-ported womens emancipationor were adherents of mysticism,Buddhism, theosophy or freeChristianity. All possible combi-nations occurred. This movementwas also popular in certain cir-cles of the labour movement.The most important person in

this context is Ferdinand DomelaNieuwenhuis, followed by Danilde Clercq (-), on whomthe Institute has also had an ar-chive since around or earlier(including two folders on vegetar-ianism and the ).

The rst edition of the printed catalogues presented (whichlist about six hundred mono-graphs) indicate that Felix Orttwas its librarian in Soest in Au-gust . Books on the follow-

ing subjects were well represented:vegetarianism, vegetarian cook-books and recipe books (the Kook-boek voor moderne voeding zondervleesch naar de voedingsleer van Dr.Med. M. Bircher-Benner te Zrich[Cookbook for modern food withoutmeat according to the nutritional ten-ets of Dr. Med. M. Bircher-Bennerof Zurich]from was exhibit-ed), the alcohol issue in connectionwith vegetarianism, general nutri-tion and special nutrition articles,

health doctrine and natural medi-cine. (Our selection included a lateredition of Ferdinand Mllers GroeIllustrierte Kruterbuch [Great illus-trated book of herbs]originally pub-lished in and the second edi-tion of F. Wolf and IJ. HettemasDe natuur als arts. Handboek voorde natuurgeneeswijze [Nature as aphysician. Handbook for the natu-ral cure]from ). Also: phys-ical exercises (a lovely cover ofthe Dutch translation of Rein-

hold Gerlings De weg tot schoon-heid en gezondheid [The way to-ward beauty and health], which

awaiting cataloguing uncoveredan interesting part of our bookand journal holdings. This willsoon become publicly accessiblevia the catalogue. We will nowpresent and describe a few oppor-tunities for future users.

As is often the case with oldcollections that persistently evadethe cataloguing department, thedate that the lending library of

the Nederlandsche Vegetarirs-bond arrived at the is unclear.We have a typed but undated list,probably from the s, wherean staff member has listedthe missing items according to theprinted catalogues enclosed. Thelibrary arrived here at the Institutein .

At the end of the nineteenthcentury, vegetarian ideas foundtheir way to the Netherlands fromGermany. Following the exam-

ple of the English inventor of thepopular Allison bread, an organi-zation was established here as well

death. During the Spanish CivilWar, she publicized the revolution

of the Spanish anarchists widely.After the war she corresponded ex-tensively with kindred spirits allover the world - even in Japan. Inaddition to her anarchist activities,Luce was a professor of Italian lan-guage and literature at the Univer-sity of Montevideo. She died inArgentina on August .

The lending library of theNederlandsche Vegetarirsbond[Dutch society of vegetarians]

()A few months ago an inventoryof the larger library collections

d e w e g t o t s c h o o n h e i d e n

g e zo n d h e i d [ t h e q u e s t f o r

b e au t y a n d h e a lt h ] , b y r e i n -

h o l d g e r l i n g ( 1 9 2 3 ) , o n e o f

t h e b o o k s f r o m t h e l e n d i n g

l i b r a r y o f t h e n e d e r l a n d -

s c h e v e g e ta r i r s b o n d ( n v b ) .

i i s h l i b r a r y


7/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 7 }


, organized its own workersOlympics as an alternative to thecapitalist Olympic Games: therst in Frankfurt in , the sec-ond in Vienna in and the thirdin Antwerp in .

The Leeuwarden municipal ar-

chive recently surprised the Insti-tute with a small but nonethelessfascinating donation concerningthe Third Workers Olympics ofAntwerp, which took place from July until August . Theprogramme relates that on Au-gust fteen countries wererepresented, alternated by count-less workers marching bands (an-other aspect of labour culture).In addition to most countries inWestern Europe (nine altogether,

refers to Vater Jahn and address-es all classes), social economics,land ownership reform, vegetar-ian settlements and humanitarian,literary and philosophical works(including a copy assigned to Fe-lix Ortt) and parenting and chil-

drens health.In December the rst sup-plement sheet introduced the Sex-ual Hygiene section - featuring titles. These came from thechapter in The Hague of theRein Leven [pure living] move-ment. In December anothersmall addition followed. The sub-sequent fate of the library is un-known, until the discovery thatover seventy titles were missingupon its arrival at the . At the

time, the library probably com-prised over ve hundred volumes.Most likely, Ortt - who after allwas pushing eighty at the end ofthe war - was unable to add sig-nicantly to the existing collec-tion. Other information suggeststhat these types of subjects hadlost much of their appeal to thepost-war left. Only in the nalquarter of the twentieth centurydid the interest resume, especiallyamong the left.

Third Workers Olympics,Antwerp Sports were another facet of la-bour culture that thrived duringthe twentieth century. Ortts lend-ing library reects signicant effortsin this respect, although it contraststrue physical beauty and exerciseon the one hand with competitionsports on the other hand. AlthoughOrtt and those working with himbelieved that competition sports

entailed more drawbacks than ad-vantages, organized labour believedotherwise. During the Interbellum,the Socialist Workers Sports In-ternational, which was founded in

k o o k b o e k v o o r m o d e r n e

v o e d i n g z o n d e r v l e e s c h n a a r

d e v o e d i n g s l e e r v a n d r. m e d .

m . b i r c h e r - b e n n e r t e z r i c h

[ c o o k b o o k f o r m o d e r n f o o d

w i t h o u t m e a t a c c o rd i n g t o

t h e n u t r i t i o n a l t e n e t s o f

d r. m e d . m . b i rc h e r - b e n n e r

o f z u r i c h ] f r o m 1 9 3 0 , a l s o

f r o m t h e n v b l i b r a r y.

obviously without Germany andItaly; Spain did participate), thatdays procession included Hunga-ry, Poland, the Soviet Union andCzechoslovakia (divided into thetwo teams of Prague and Aussig,which undoubtedly referred to

the Sudeten Germans) from Cen-tral and Eastern Europe, as well asthe United States and Palestine.

Nonetheless, the event had re-tained a socialist touch, as pam-phlets were distributed against thedictatorship in Poland, along withinvitations to the Peace Museum.Participants were urged to senda resolution to the Polish embas-sies to protest the fascist terror inthat country, which had alreadybrought about the arrest of,


8/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 8 }


to the New World - but at leastequally massive migration ows.In Western historiography all theturmoil surrounding the mass mi-gration in Europe before, duringand after World War easilycauses us to overlook what hap-pened elsewhere in the world at

the time, especially in Asia. Thedisastrous trek back and forth be-tween India and Pakistan follow-

of the regimes opponents and wasconsidered as serious as the dicta-torship in Germany. The demandsincluded Abolition of the concen-tration camps, Liberation of im-prisoned anti-fascists and Endthe pogroms and all anti-Semiticpropaganda. Another ier urged

people to visit the Worlds FirstPeace Museum, founded by thepacist Ernst Friedrich in Berlin in

and destroyed by Hitler in and now present at the ThirdWorkers Olympics in Antwerp.

Prafulla K. Chakrabarti, - ca. The substantial rise in the Insti-tutes interest in Asia has expand-

ed our horizons to entirely differ-ent - with respect to the classicalow of emigration from the Old

p o s t e r

o f t h e

n e d e r l a n d s e

a r b e i d e r s

s p o r t b o n d

[ d u tc h

w o r k e r s

s p o rt sl e ag u e ]

( n a s b ) ,

d e s i g n e d

b y j a n r o t

( 1 8 9 2 - 1 9 8 2 )

a n d p r i n t e d

a t s t e e n -

d r u k k e r i j d e

j o n g & c o . ,

h i l v e r s u m .

2 6 . 5 x 1 9 . 5

c m . t h i s

l e ag u e a l s opa r t i c i pa t e d

i n t h e t h i r d

w o r k e r s

o ly m p i c s i n

a n t w e r p i n

1 9 3 7 .

i i s h

c o l l e c t i o n

( b g h 1 3 / 2 3 0 )


9/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 9 }


ing the independence of BritishIndia in is a case in point.

The Indian scholar PrafullaChakrabarti focused his researchon the mass displacements inBengal between Bangla Desh andthe Indian state of West Bengal.

Willem van Schendel received amajor research collection fromhim on the subject, especiallyabout relief efforts in West Bengalfrom the earlys. Chakrabar-ti took meticulous notes from lo-cal newspapers and from the ar-chives of the United Central Ref-ugee Council () in Calcuttafrom onward. These notesconcerned the fate of the approxi-mately ve million displaced per-sons in Bengal alone in and

the following years and the onemillion who arrived in the period-, as well as the count-less ones after them. He obvi-ously collected relevant publica-tions as well, especially sociolog-ical research reports about refu-gee camps. His reports on hisfrequent interviews are similarlyimportant.

Chakrabarti believes that thisimmense mass migration startedwith the Noakhali riots in ,

i.e. before the actual Partition.His primary interest is the roleof the Indian Communist Party(the ), which was headed byP.C. Joshi (whose papers are keptat the New Delhi University Li-brary) at the time. Because ofthis partys support for Nehru, itdid not play a signicant role inthe dramatic course of events, ac-cording to Chakrabarti. More-over, the political radicalism which he identied with the

Hindu refugees in the camps stood little chance and was infact repressed. He reviewed theefforts by the Congress Party andthe to control grass-roots pol-itics and considered whether theresidents in the camps shouldbe distributed throughout India,as the government wanted, orwhether they should remain con-centrated in Bengal. The itemspresented from this collection,which is of major importance for

Willem van Schendels researchhere at the Institute and at theUniversity of Amsterdam, com-

prised several notebooks andpublications, including an ex-tremely detailed report from about the situation in severalcamps featuring maps, namesand characteristics of familiesstill living there over forty years

after their expulsion.

Nepal (-) andNibedita (*) NagAnother acquisition from Ben-gal, also arranged by Willemvan Schendel, is a special collec-tion that belonged to the coupleNepal and Nibedita Nag, bothCommunists from the move-ments origins in Dhaka, which isnow Bangladesh. Shahriyar Ka-bir, our man in Dhaka, record-

ed a three-hour interview withNibedita. In addition to severalphotographs, we received thenotes taken by Nepal (who in

addition to being a communistgured prominently in the tradeunions) on his visit to Moscowin , where a congress of communist parties convened.This was before the denitive riftbetween China and Albania on

the one hand and the Soviet Un-ion and nearly all other commu-nist nations on the other hand.Still, the tension between the twosuperpowers was unmistakable.Nepals notes (in English) are im-portant, as full congress proceed-ings were never published. The has only a -page pamphletin Russian and a -page pam-phlet in English.

Nepals thick notebook openswith the response from the Chi-

nese delegation leader Teng HsiauPing to the Russian reproach,voiced in part by Suslov andKhrushchev. A signicant share

o n e o f t h e

m a n y n ot e -

b o o k s o f

p r a f u l l a k .

c h a k r a b a rt i

( 1 9 4 6 - c a .

1 9 9 0 ) f r o m

c a lc u t ta ,

c o n ta i n i n g

h i s n ot e s

a b o u t t h e

m a s s i v e

f l o o d s o f

r e f u g e e s i n -

s t i g at e d b y

t h e s p l i t o f

i n d i a a n d p a -

k i s ta n .

i i s h c h a k r a -

b a rt i a r -

c h i v e


10/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 10 }


the position of the Chinese andthe Albanians rather than that ofthe Russians.

Heleno Saa (*)A small but most interesting ar-chive of Heleno Saas corre-

spondence from the s ands was donated to us via KeesRodenburg. It contains letters,mostly from Spanish and LatinAmerican exiles (living in Eu-rope, the United States and LatinAmerica) known for their publi-cations and/or political activities.

Heleno Saa was born in Bar-celona in in a libertarianenvironment. In he movedto West Germany, where he start-ed out as a Spanish professor

in Darmstadt. He later becameknown for his countless publica-tions about anarchist subjects, es-pecially the Spanish Civil War.He maintained a very special cor-respondence with the Spanish/Argentine anarchist Diego Abadde Santillan (pseudonym of Sine-sio Garca Hernandz, -),of whom part of the archive hasbeen at the since . Thesame holds true for his corre-spondence with the Spanish an-

archist and publicist FedericaMontseny, who established herreputation primarily through herparticipation in the Republicangovernment during the SpanishCivil War and her publications,especially her booklets issued inthe series La Novela Ideal [Thenew ideal].

Hans Janmaat and his ac-tivities in the Centrumpartij(-) and the Centrumde-

mocraten (-)The collections presented abovereect the ideological breadth oflabour movements. But more isinvolved. Consider the massive la-bour support for fascism and Na-tional Socialism. The second sub-section, about socialism, is alsovery revealing and cannot simplybe dismissed as a line that does nott the bill. Conversely, the ideo-logical divisions between left andright are less rigid than we tend to

believe, as the discussion of vege-tarianism and related movements -ut supra - quickly demonstrated.

of the discussion concerned thecharacter of the epoch. The Chi-nese and the Albanians arguedthat the time had come for aworldwide revolution, and thatthe cause needed to be promoted.They rejected the stated view thatthe transition from state monopo-ly capitalism into peoples capital-ism had eroded Western capital-ism. The Soviets, however, assert-

ed that the current situation fa-voured communism. Decoloni-zation, in particular, had almostautomatically placed the majorityof the world population in thesocialist camp. Various speechescontained references to Fidel Cas-tros recent coup in Cuba. TheColombian delegate, for example,reported that Amongst the youngmen of our country a feeling [is]prevailing that Cuba has provedthat there is no necessity of C.P.

in our country. We are ghtingagainst this revisionist tendency.These words seem to substantiate

s e l e c t i o n f r o m t h e l e t t e r s

r e c e i v e d b y h e l e n o s a a ,

b o r n i n 1 9 3 0 . a s a p r o f e s s o r

a t t h e u n i v e r s i t y o f d a r m -

s ta d t , h e c o r r e s p o n d e d e x -

t e n s i v e ly w i t h s pa n i s h e x -

i l e s , e s pe c i a l l y i n l at i n

a m e r i c a . a f t e r f r a n c o s

d e at h h e r e s u m e d c o n ta c t

w i t h s pa i n a s w e l l .

i i s h s a a a r c h i v e

t h e c o m m u n i s t a c t i v i s t

n i b e d i t a n a g , b o r n i n 1 9 1 6 ,

w i t h s h a h r i a r k a b i r , t h e

i i s h r e p re s e n t a t i v e i n d h a k a

( b a n g l a d e s h ) , w h o a c q u i re d

t h e a r c h i v e t h at b e lo n g e d

t o h e r a n d h e r h u s b a n d n e -

p a l n a g ( 1 9 0 8 - 1 9 7 8 ) a n d i n -

t e rv i e w e d h e r e x t e n s i v e ly a

f ew y e a r s a g o .

i i s h c o l l e c t i o n


11/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 11 }


Both for this reason and be-cause of the traditional leftist re-sistance to the right, the Institutehas long been interested in the re-lationship between labour move-ments and the right. The Insti-tute has several collections dealing

with this subject and spanningseveral dozen metres according toa recent estimate. Sometimes thisis because somebody starts out onthe left and then switches to theright, like Erich Wichman, whomwe addressed at the rst gath-ering (On the Waterfront, /,/, p. ). More often,however, it is because leftist move-ments gather material about theright. The regularly receivesextremist right-wing propaganda

material from the Anne FrankFoundation. Organization ar-chives from those circles are rarer.The Nederlandsch Arbeids Front[Dutch labour front] (), whichwas the unity trade union move-ment under the Nazi occupation,is rather unique.

At the Institute, we were there-fore delighted when Meindert Fen-nema from the University of Am-sterdam enabled us to obtain thearchive of Janmaat and his two

main creations, namely the two ex-tremist right-wing parties that wereboth represented in the Dutchparliament: the Centrumpartij(-) and the Centrumde-mocraten (-). Fennema,who was at the far left at the time,met Janmaat while the two werepolitical science students. WhenJanmaat evolved from a member ofthe into a supporter ofand subsequently into a leader ofthe ultra-right wing, Fennema in-

terviewed him for his research onthese movements. This is probablywhy Janmaat presented his polit-ical legacy to Fennema, who en-trusted it to the .

In addition to documents frommeetings and propaganda mate-rials (of which a selection is pre-sented), the letters received areparticularly interesting. Althoughthe parties had very few members(membership is believed to havepeaked at in ), their mes-

sage exuded considerable appeal,especially on the subject of xeno-phobia. Letters attest to a strong

interest among workers in suchparties. An internal survey of the (which is unfortunately undat-ed) indicates that the writers wereprobably not former membersof the Labour Party but peopleunafliated with any party who

were nevertheless deeply con-cerned with politics. We have se-lected two items of correspond-ence that demonstrate the re-search opportunities. The rst,dated grass-month [i.e. April], is from a seventy-year old,complaining that things are asbad today as during the StalinEra in the Soviet Union and theyears - [and especially] myperiod in hiding July - May. The author reminisces about

the days of the great WillemDrees (the Dutch socialist leaderand prime minister in the s)and compares the past with thepresent as follows:

-: Present:many foreigners Dittoin our countrythink before Dittoyou speakmedia controlled Dittoby pro-foreign

elementsDutch Dutchthreatened threatened byby organizations organizationslike the like the (Dutch(pro-Nazi) Labour Party), the , etc. PvdA, the

(anti-racismorganization)

and the likePro-foreign Pro-foreignelements were elementswrong considered

rightAnti-foreign Anti-foreignelements were elementsright considered

fascist

This Janmaat supporter signed hisletter as a former member of:, PvdA, Humanistisch Ver-bond, . Presently a memberof: , Industriebond , Hu-manitas (for the moment) - all so-cialist or progressive movements!

The second letter selected isfrom a member, employed atthe urban sanitation department

y o u s t i l l h av e a c h o i c e [ m i l l ] o r [ m o s k ]

s u p p o rt t h e c d ! b e f o r e i t i s t o o l a t e .

e l e c t i o n p r o pa g a n d a f r o m t h e 1 9 9 0 s o f t h e

d u tc h e x t re m i s t r i g h t - w i n g c e n t r u m d e m o -

c r at e n , r e p re s e n t e d i n t h e d u t c h p a r l i a -

m e n t f r o m 1 9 8 4 t o 1 9 9 8 . a t t h e t o p o f t h i s

p a rt y s a g e n d a w a s t h e i m m i g r a n t i s s u e , s y m -

b o l i z e d h e re b y t h e c o n t r a s t b e t w e e n t h e

t y p i c a l ly d u tc h w i n d m i l l a n d a m o s q u e . o n e

w o n d e r s w h e t h e r t h e d e s i g n e r wa s a w a re

t h a t t h e m o s qu e d e p i c t e d w a s t h e t a j m a -

h a l m a u s o l e u m ( m o s t d u tc h m u s l i m i m m i -

g r a n t s o ri g i n at e f r o m t u r k ey a n d m o r o cc o ,

r at h e r t h a n f r o m i n d i a ) . i i s h j a n m a at a r c h i ve

of the City of s-Hertogenbosch,who, at the time of his writing in, had one year left until early

retirement. He has spoken outagainst foreigners at work since. His present gripe concernsthe arrival of a new co-worker, aMoroccan jobshopper. This indi-vidual has been appointed with-out consulting or contacting my.The author of this letter protest-ed but unsuksesfelly and facesdisciplinary measures for discrim-ination (Article of the constitu-tion). He lists his objections: Ihave refyuzed to share premises

with this character. The personwas unemployed for years. Be-sides, I want nothing whatsoever


12/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 12 }


to do with marokkins Turks andother coloured folk. Since I dontlike them and wont have themforced on me. About these blokeswho have been unemployed for years as workers from abroad,I have said they are Soshal Crim-

inals. In this conversation I alsosed that south moluccans are thesame as Hitlers . They alsoserved a foreign power. The par-ty was responsible for providinghim with council.

These types of archives areparticularly well-suited for re-search on xenophobia and racismat work. The national electionsalso made the progressive in-dustrial union aware of the dan-ger within its own circle. This

sense was manifested by its urg-ing to members not to vote foran extremist party - and by thetendency of the afliated un-ions to revoke the membershipof overt right-wing extremists.The awareness was justied, as astudy by the University of Am-sterdam revealed that ,members (i.e. . percent) votedfor the , while another per-cent declined to state which partyit supported. Accordingly, the re-

searchers concluded that at leastone fth of the electorateconsisted ofmembers. Thetwo correspondence items pre-sented illustrate this.

Bernd Ewald (Bela) Althans,ca. -The Institute acquired the ar-chive of a prominent right-wingextremist from Germany in ad-dition to the one from the Ne-therlands. Bernd Ewald (Bela)

Althans, born in , quicklyfell in with right-wing extremistmovements, such as the DeutscheFreiheitsbewegung der Bismarck-Deutsche of the former MajorOtto Rehmer. In he joinedthe neo-Nazi organization AktionNational Sozialisten (), head-ed by Michael Khnen, and be-came increasingly interested inrevisionist writers and publish-ers who denied the Holocaust,such as Ernst Zndel, Fred A.

Leuchter and David Irving. Onlyafter his break with Nazism andthree and a half years in prison

(-) for incitement and hisprior denial of the Holocaust, didhe present his materials to theDutch journalist Frans Dekkers,who entrusted the many boxes tothe .Although the vast collection dat-

ing back to the s and s hasyet to be inventoried, we selectedalready a few items. Our choicewas based rst of all on the fre-quent international contacts ofthese large and small groups ofright-wing extremists. It is in-disputably a world-encompass-ing network of people who oftenwrite and visit each other. Thephoto albums of Althans present-ed attest to this: South Africanfarmers, North American militia

men, former Nazis all over theworld (many in South America),Franco supporters, Croatian Us-tashis, Greek fascists, etc. Someof these groups aim to prove thatthey are the true socialists, e.g.through the edition (also present-ed) of Gerhard Quelles Einenotwendige Antwort: Sozialismusist rechts [A necessary answer:socialism is rightist] (Duisburg,undated, pp.).This material shows once again

that these groups have no shortageof cash. They consistently use state-of-the-art communication devic-es. We presented records ofGerman marching songs from thes, audio tapes from the sand video tapes from the s ands. They have now moved on tothe latest medium of mass com-munication: the Internet.Further inventory of this collec-tion and the additions expectedwill yield many surprises.

l e c t u re b y f r a n k

b o v e n k e r k a b o u t

e x t re m i s t r i g h t - w i n g

a rc h i v e s , f o l lo w i n g t h e

l at e s t t wo a c q u i s i t i o n s

s ta t e d a b o v e .

Frank Bovenkerk is a criminolo-gy professor at the Willem PompeInstitute for Criminal Law and

Criminology of Utrecht Univer-sity. He publishes regularly abouthistorical and criminology-relat-

ed themes. From a leftist-social-ist background, his father (a his-torian and scholar of Dutch) wasan editor, anarcho-syndicalist andmember of the Dutch socialist-pacist party PSP, in addition toteaching at a secondary school.

Frank Bovenkerk reviewed theJanmaat archive, noting that theletters there convey what was onpeoples minds at the time, andwhat they were apparently unableto tell the authorities. This senti-ment arises in part from political-ly correct feelings or guilt amongthose institutions. He received thesame kinds of letters when hewas involved in a discriminationstudy. He answered many of thoseletters but to his regret dis-

carded many as well. He is nowconducting research on crime andethnicity, which he stresses in hislecture with regard to the Janmaatarchive.

He views criminology as ahodgepodge of legal, sociological,historical, medical and cultural-an-thropological approaches and dis-ciplines; sometimes he questionswhether it is a eld of scholarshipin its own right. Bovenkerk (whostudied anthropology) now ad-

dresses the problems in the contextof cultural anthropology. Researchon the combination of ethnic mi-norities and crime is the centralline of approach in his argument.

The position of crime on thepolitical agenda has led the pub-lic to criminalize behaviour andthus represent the class interestof the ruling power; as he ex-pressed Marxs and Engels views.The view that crime is a formof protest was expressed before

the war by the moderate DutchMarxist sociologist/criminologistW.A. Bonger (-; he com-mitted suicide in May). Inhis opinion, capitalism instigatescrime, as well as alcoholism andother deviant behaviour. At thetime, there was a heated debateregarding predisposition versusbackground as the source of crime(i.e. Lombroso versus the Frenchschool).In Ras en Misdaad [Race and

Crime](), Bonger unilateral-ly rejected explanations for crimebased on race. Races do exist,


13/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 13 }


and the corresponding psycholo-gies and races have certain charac-teristics. Still, they do not explaincrime.Nevertheless, such explanationsreturn time after time: accordingto a recent text by a fellow profes-

sor, Moroccans (whom he equateswith Berbers, a tribe of shep-herds) have a chemical imbal-ance that predisposes them to vi-olence and crime. Others believethat these insights have explana-tory value as well. The culturalpractice of inbreeding, which theBerbers have carried over to theNetherlands, is the cause of thelarge share of problem children.This, too, is advanced as an expla-nation for the high crime rate.

In the United States much re-search has been conducted onmarginalized groups with crim-inal behaviour. The risk groupswere traced for their own protec-tion and that of society in theview of the researchers and re-ceived prescriptions for miraclepills. The medication proved sodangerous, however, that the prac-tice was quickly discontinued. Atthe time, Bonger attributed crimeto social conditions rather than to

the quality of the people. He asso-ciated fraudulent conduct amongJews, for example, with their over-representation in trade, ratherthan with their identity as Jews.After World War , the Neth-erlands absorbed a lot of immi-grants. Many texts written sincethat period note elevated crimerates among the second genera-tion. These observations were re-futed - at the time also by Bov-enkerk - as being generally distort-

ed. The problem was attributedto their overrepresentation in thelower classes, which made it a classissue rather than an ethnic one.Measure of urbanization and agecriteria were demographic argu-ments and indicated that assess-ments were consistently based onfactors other than ethnic back-ground. Since immigrants not per-taining to the risk groups (e.g. Ger-mans, Americans and Japanese)were not included in the studies,

we know very little about them.Having said this, there is alsoa data problem. Why is our re-

search so selective? Is it wrong toconsider ethnic issues? One of theproblems is the dearth of reliabledata on the subject, because the

authorities choose not to recordcertain gures. The Dutch Cen-tral Bureau of Statistics, for exam-ple, stopped publishing statisticson minority crime rates in .This complicates evaluating suchcrime effectively. Without theserecords, according to the speaker,the police force has carte blanche,especially thanks to the (ageneral reference system that listsplace of birth). This enables thepolice to compile their own sta-

tistics, which then indicate thatcertain population groups have avery high or a low propensity to-

i n 2 0 0 0 t h e f r i e n d s e n a b l e d

t h e i n s t i t u t e t o p u r c h a s e a

c o l l e c t i o n o f r a re t u r k i s h

p e r i o d i c a l s f r o m t h e p e r i o d

1 8 7 3 - 1 9 9 6 . s o m e h a d b e au -

t i f u l c o l o u r i l lu s t r at i o n s ,

s u c h a s t h i s w o m e ns m ag -

a z i n e m a h a s i n , f e at u r i n g a

y o u n g t u r k i s h l a d y i n e u -

r o pe a n d re s s w i t h t h e

b o s p o ru s i n t h e b ac k g ro u n d

( i s s u e n r . 9 : a u g u s t 1 9 0 9 ) .


ward crime. But this impression isinaccurate.In the government found

that registering a criminals na-tionality was illegal. The practicewas compared with the records


14/16

INTERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSO

CIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

IN

TERNA

TIONA

LIN

STITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 14 }


of the Jews, which facilitatedtheir destruction. In his histori-cal research on the persecution ofthe Jews, Bovenkerk searched theAmsterdam municipal archivesbased on Odette Vlessings re-search. Vlessing had informedhim that the Nazi measures hadrendered many Jews destitute

(dismissal from their jobs, medi-cal expenses, children orphanedfollowing the deportation of their

parents, etc.); they received wel-fare benets from the municipalauthorities. The separate registerfor the Jews made it possible tocalculate how much they cost thecity. The nal total was just un-der ve million guilders. In Mayor Vote, a member of the [the party for Nazi sympa-

thizers], informed Beauftragte frdie Stadt Amsterdam Bhmakerof these gures and requested

that the amount be taken fromthe Lippmann Rosenthal bank,which held the property stolenfrom the Jews, rather than fromthe city coffers. Vlessing relatesthis incident to substantiateher position that even in a coun-

try with no tradition of anti-Semitism, such as the Nether-lands, an entire category of thepopulation was easily written off,as happened as soon as Jews andnon-Jews ceased to have com-mon interests.Bovenkerk reviewed the les con-taining motive for and answerto the cynical process describedabove. He cautiously concludedthat sparing registration practiceswere not unreasonable - which he

had previously deemed anachro-nistic with references to the perse-cution of the Jews at hand. He ex-pressed similar objections to PeterLakemans recent study on Dutchimmigration since the s, Bin-nen zonder kloppen [Entering with-out knocking], which calculateshow much immigrants have costus. His underlying purpose re-mains unclear, as does the natureof what is being measured. Thecontradiction between we and

they characterizes the discourseof social exclusion.A lively debate with the audiencefollowed.

r e p o rt o f t h e

g e n e r a l m e e t i n g

Jan Lucassen reviewed the increasein membership thus far. There arenowmembers, with some dues

still outstanding. While this trendis satisfying, he encouraged mem-bers to continue looking for newFriends as well. Perhaps On theWaterfront(of which the rst dou-ble issue was presented for therst time) could serve the recruit-ment drive; additional copies areavailable on request.Mieke IJzermans selected in-dividuals and institutions fromthe le of the Tijdschrift voor So-ciale Geschiedenis [Journal of so-

cial history]. Her efforts yielded sixpositive reactions. She has donethe same with the Maatschappij der

c ov e r o f

t h e j a n ua r y

1 9 0 8 i s s u e o f

t h e w o m e ns

j o u r n a l

m a h a s i n .



15/16

IN

TERN

A

TION

A

A

LIN

STITUUTV

OORSOCIA

LEGESCHIEDEN

IS

INTERN

A

TIONA

LINSTITUTEOFSOCIA

LHISTORY

{ 15 }


Nederlandse Letterkunde [Dutchliterary society]and is awaiting theresults.Jan Lucassen reported ongoingimprovements to the website,which makes becoming a Friendof the faster and easier.

Questions were raised about themembership dues of at least twohundred guilders. Jan Lucassenemphasized that the amounts areintended to benet the Institute;ample other opportunities areavailable for establishing ties withthe . He recommended leav-ing the rates unchanged, if onlybecause lower dues would entailidentical administrative expens-es. Bert Altenas suggestion thatthe dues for Friends be collected

through monthly deductions - asalready happens with his mem-bership - will be included in theinformation kits.The provisional nancial accountswere discussed briey. Because thedenitive report will be issued atthe end of this year, the subjectwill be addressed at a subsequentmeeting and will therefore appearin the next issue ofOn the Water-front.Allocation of the revenues

to the Institute will be discussedwith the members at the nextmeeting as well. Additional infor-mation will be provided on thisissue, as well as about the alloca-tion of the large donations.In October there will be a meet-ing in Moscow to discuss researchmade possible by the Friendslarge donation of,(cf. On the Waterfront/, p. ).This led to a question about thelost archives of the in Rus-

sia. The director stated brieythat the continues its effortsto reclaim the archives (an issuethat will also be raised duringQueen Beatrixs upcoming visitthere), but that the originals havealready been recorded on micro-lm held at the ; the dataare already available. In return forsupplying the archives, the Rus-sians want the microlms, com-pensation for fty years of storageexpenses and the transportation

costs. The is particularly re-luctant to pay the storage expens-es.

Finally, Mieke IJzermans recallsthat the has a Memorial col-lection and a collection of re-turn stories, most by literary au-thors. The material could be agood resource for an exhibitionabout Sjalamov and the Gulag atthe next gathering.The brief meeting ended on this

note.

Ger Verrips mentions the searchfor an appropriate speaker aboutthe Gulag archipelago for thenext meeting, in connection withthe small archive acquired aboutSjalamov (and the success ofBerich-ten uit Kolyma [Dispatches fromKolyma]published in Dutch bythe Bezige Bij). A special issue of

Rasteris devoted to Sjalamov, andthe Dutch Slavist invited to delivera lecture is expected to accept.

c ov e r o f

t h e o c t o b e r

1 9 0 8 i s s u e

o f m a h a s i n ,

f e at u r i n g a

p r o n o u n c e d

j u g e n d s t i l

i n f l u e n c e .



16/16

Hans de BeerVOEDING, GEZONDHEID EN ARBEID INNEDERLAND TIJDENS DE NEGENTIENDE EEUWEen bijdrage aan de antropometrischegeschiedschrijving(ISBN 90 5260 016 3, 245 PAGINAS, GELLUSTREERD, FL. 49,90 / 22,65)

In dit boek wordt beargumenteerd dat economische groei pas in detweede helft van de negentiende eeuw gepaard gaat met verbeteringenop het gebied van voeding en gezond-heid. In een reeks van

casestudies wordt de invloed van voeding en gezondheid op de fysiekearbeidsproductiviteit onderzocht.

Hanna van Solinge & Marlene de Vries (redactie)DE JODEN IN NEDERLAND ANNO 2000Demografsch profel en binding aan het jodendom(ISBN 90 5260 001 5, 274 PAGINAS, GEBONDEN, FL. 55,09 / 25,00)

Hoeveel joden zijn er in Nederland, hoe is deze bevolkingsgroep sa-mengesteld, waar wonen ze, wat is hun achtergrond, hoe ziet de de-mograsche toekomst van de joden in Nederland er uit, in welke mateen op welke wijze voelen Nederlandse en in Nederland woonachtige

buitenlandse joden zich verbonden met het jodendom?

Gertjan de GrootFABRICAGE VAN VERSCHILLENMannenwerk, vrouwenwerk in de Nederlandseindustrie (1850-1940)(ISBN 90 5260 011 2, 584 PAGINAS, GELLUSTREERD, FL. 60,60 / 27,50)

Fabricage van verschillen behandelt de seksesegregatie in het industrilearbeidsproces in Nederland tussen 1850 en 1940. Telkens weer blijkt datbanen van vrouwen slechter worden betaald, over het algemeen eenlagere maatschappelijke status hebben en minder carrire-mogelijkheden

bieden dan de banen van mannen. Het boek laat zien dat verschillentussen mannen- en vrouwenwerk als zodanig niet bestonden, maar in depraktijk van de werkplek een bepaalde betekenis kregen.

Henk Flap & Marnix Croes (redactie)WAT TOEVAL LEEK TE ZIJN, MAAR NIET WASDe organisatie van de jodenvervolging in Nederland(ISBN 90 5589 200 9, 207 PAGINAS, FL. 42,40 / 19,25)

Hoe kan het dat bijna driekwart van de Neder-landse joden gedeporteerdis en vermoord in de concentratiekampen, terwijl de Nederlandsebevolking niet bijzonder antisemitisch en ook niet bijzonder pro-Duits

was? Waarom heeft de jodenvervolging in Nederland zoveel meerslachtoffers gekost dan in de andere West-Europese landen?

Rob van der Laarse, Arnold Melching & WillemLabrie(redactie)DE HANG NAAR ZUIVERHEIDDe cultuur van het moderne Europa(ISBN 90 5589 129 0, 333 PAGINAS, FL. 47,50 / 21,55)

De hang naar zuiverheid manifesteerde zich niet in n bepaalde partij ofrichting, maar als een brede culturele onderstroom, die tegengestelde,elkaar op leven en dood bestrijdende stromingen bediende. De auteursbuigen zich over Wagner, Rousseau, Cline en Pasteur, Lombroso,Von Krafft-Ebing en Weininger, Nordau, Hiller, Lanz von Leibenfels enJnger. Zij hebben hiermee een krachtig instrument gedenieerd om degeschiedenis van het moderne Europa opnieuw in te delen.

Cruquiusweg 311019 AT Amsterdam

The NetherlandsT + 31 20 6685866F + 31 20 [email protected]

AntropologieEtnische studiesSociale en EconomischeGeschiedenisPolitieke theorieSociologieCommunicatiewetenschapVrouwenstudies

Verkrijgbaar in debetere boekhandelof rechtstreeks bijde uitgeverij

On the Waterfront 3

Documents

Transcript of On the Waterfront 3