NCGE International Entrepreneurship Educators Conference 2006-09-12NCGE China Partner: Shanghai...

2006-09-12 NCGE China Partner: Shanghai Institue of Foreign Trade

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NCGE International Entrepreneurship Educators Conference

Graduate Entrepreneurship Education in China

NCGE China Partner

Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade (SIFT)

September 12, 2006

2006-09-12NCGE China Partner: Shanghai Institue of Foreign Trade


• Background of graduate entrepreneurship education in China

• Current Entrepreneurship Education in China

• What to do next



Economic reform & market economy provided ground for entrepreneurship education in China

• Broke the “Iron Rice Bowl”: allow employment freedom

• A global perspective born: generate a market sense

• Increased market opportunities： provide the “soil” for cultivating SME

• More entrepreneurs encouraged: greatly help the employment in the long run



Increased employment pressure for HEI graduates

Number of graduates in past 10 years(Unit million)：

4.13

4. 78

1.421.1041.0080.9020.86

1.992.54

3.26

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Quantity of graduates

Estimated rate increase at 650,000 a year in the next 5 years

Source: the Ministry of Education, P.R.C



1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

19981st “Challenge Cup”

entrepreneurship contest

1999A formal proposal at the 3rd

National Educators Conf

2002Pilot program at 9 HEI’s by

Ministry of Education

2003Policy & teaching training by

Ministry of Education

2004Introduced SYB & KAB programs from ILO

2005Started SYB pilot program

at several HEI’s

2006Launched KAB program at 6 H

EI’s





• What to do next



A new platform set up for HEI’s in China

• 1st exhibition successfully organized by SIFT– Covered both assorted “types” & “regions” of HEI’s in China

– Professional brochure & invitation letter sent to over 100 HEI’s

– Set up a comprehensive website: www.ncgechina.cn

• Participants: 17 HEI’s in 6 categories – Science technology: 4

– General (full-scope) education: 4

– Medicine: 1

– Foreign language & trade: 3

– Business, trade, law & politics: 3

– Pedagogy: 2

• Most from economically developed metropolises



Highlights of the 2006 exhibition

• Evaluation based on NCGE guidelines & objective– A comprehensive review of 10 different criteria

• Review board comprising 6 distinguished entrepreneurs

• Excellent platform for participants to share experiences & exchange thoughts

• Reviewers provided expert advices to participants– Great opportunity for HEI’s to broaden their horizons

• 8 universities selected as Good Practice Showcases



The 6-member review board



Beijing (1)China Youth University for Political Sciences (CYU)

Shanghai (4)Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade (SIFT)Shanghai Normal University (SNU)Shanghai University of International Studies (SUIS)Tongji University (Tongji)

Hefei (1)University of Science & Technology of China (USTC)

Guangdong (1)Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (GDFSU)

Xi’an (1)Xi’an International Studies University (XISU)

8 Winning HEI’s



Current entrepreneurship education in China

1. Formal curriculum as part of HEI education– Self developed curriculum by individual HEI– Adopting fully-developed curriculum from abroad

– Relevant business management courses 2. Contests & other programs on campus

– Domestic “Challenge Cup” competition– International “Student In Free Enterprise” (SIFE) contest– Others: seminars, forums, student clubs…

3. Platforms to support graduate entrepreneurship– Start-up; spin-out; SEDC, etc.

4. Other innovative methods



1. Formal curriculum

• Self-developed curriculum (SIFT)– Emphasis on entrepreneurship aspirations & perspectives

– Development of entrepreneurship mentality, skills & abilities

– Also relevant business & industrial management courses

– Different courses for different year of students

– Program started in 2003 & lectured to 6,000 students by far

• KAB program from abroad (China Youth Univ.)– KAB (Know About Business) from Int’l Labor Organization (ILO)

– A comprehensive & systematic education program

– Introduced by All China Youth Federation & set up at 6 HEI’s in 2006

– China Youth Univ. for Political Sciences takes the lead as a showcase



2-a. Contests & other programs on campus- Challenge Cup

• No.1 nationwide HEI student entrepreneurship contest – Started in 1998 & held every 2 years

– Follow the “venture capital” operation format

– Focused on products or services that have high market potential

– Aimed at acquiring actual venture capitals

– Required to submit a formal business plan

– Winners selected via proposal evaluation & panel interview

• Some winners led to launch of startup companies– 20,000,000 RMB venture capitals for 3 co.’s (at USTC)



2-b. Contests & other programs on campus- SIFE team contest

• International program SIFE (Student In Free Enterprise)– Objective: to create economic opportunity for others

– Sponsored by corp.’s, entrepreneurs, foundations, government agency

– A non-profit organization active in over 40 countries

– Volunteer-based team competitions for HEI students

– 2-tier competition: national & then world level (SIFE World Cup)

• SIFE in China– Program expanding rapidly: 44 HEI’s participated in 2006

– SIFT won the 2006 SIFE National Champion (500 students enrolled)

– Shanghai Univ. of International Studies won 1st & 2nd places before



2006 SIFE (China) Champion – SIFT



• Seminars, salons, forums, student clubs…

• Univ. of Science & Technology of China (USTC)– Salon: student contest winners & entrepreneurs

• Shanghai Normal Univ.– Seminars: entrepreneurs & enterprisers

• Tongji Univ.– Forum on technology innovation ventures

– Entrepreneurs Association: regular salons

• Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade (SIFT)– Entrepreneurship Salon: successful alumni & enterprisers

2-c. Contests & other programs on campus- Other programs



3-a. Platforms to support entrepreneurship- Startup model (Case 1)

• SIFT: Student Entrepreneurship Development Center (SEDC)– Provide training & counseling assistance– Annual budget from SIFT: 100,000 RMB– Phase I: 1000 m2 space provided; Phase II under construction– Purchase service items from student companies

• Center operated by students themselves– To cultivate realistic sense of self-serving & business management– To strengthen students’ career capabilities

• 36 student companies now, more coming– Services in HR, IT, rental, expo, fashion, media…– 5 companies successful in operation since 2004



3-b. Platforms to support entrepreneurship - Start-up model (Case 2)

• Guangdong Univ. of Foreign Studies: Work-study Center– Program started in 2003

– Inner-city campus accessible to the public

– Students’ service businesses mainly to serve the public

– Train & advise students on business management

– Set-up & operations mainly done by students themselves

• Currently 23 student enterprises in operation– On-campus cafe: business plan won Challenge Cup bronze metal

– Tennis Club, Bookstore, Gift Shop, Gymnasium, Flower Shop..

– IT Channel, e-Exchange, Studio, Part-time Agency..



3-c. Platforms to support entrepreneurship - Spin-out model

• Tongji Univ.: Shanghai Tongji Science & Tech. Incubator Co.– To incubate science technology start-ups from Tongji Univ.– Funded by Tongji Univ. & Shanghai Municipal Government– Providing various needed services

• Review, counseling, funding, technology certification & applications…

• Currently incubating 91 start-ups; 18 spin out successfully• Technology industries covered

– Automobile, mechanical, IT, architecture, civil eng., transportation..– 18 percent of companies in high-tech sectors

• Favorable collaboration between professors & students– Technology innovations from professors– Marketing & business management by student entrepreneurs



3-d. Platforms to support entrepreneurship - Model for Creative Design Industry

• Shanghai Normal University - Art Institute– Set up a creative design industrial

park with local government

– Converted old industrial buildings into a workshop & exhibit center

– Over 4,000 m2 space for creative art design & exhibit

– Window for art students to enter outside business world

– Incubate students’ creative design works for business ventures



4. Other innovative methods

• Do research study & make entrepreneurship handbook (SISU)– Paper: “SME & business development”– Paper: “Research on the entrepreneurial urge & venture compatibilities”– Manual: “Building student entrepreneurship competencies”– Handbook: “Instruction manual for case studies & business plan”

• Provide financing consulting & service (USTC)– Use school’s resources to assist on venture capitals– So far: 5 innovation projects, 3 companies, 20 million RGB capital

• Visit & interview entrepreneurs & enterprisers (SIFT)– “Wealthy life activities”: 2,000 freshmen participate each year

• Invite senior enterprisers as distinguished lecturers (SIFT)– 105 by far with rich management & entrepreneurial experiences



SIFT: Distinguished visiting professor awarding ceremony 2006





• What to do next



Difficulties & challenges encountered

• Deficiencies in concept & conditions– Gap among HEI’s on entrepreneurship education

• Due to deficient perceptions & emphases

– Overlook the entrepreneurship for business majors

– Lacking family & social support for students

• Posing psychological pressure & obstacles

– Insufficient capital funding

– Policies not practical enough



Difficulties & challenges encountered

(Cont’d)

• Deficiency in curriculum & statistical data

– Lacking complete & systematic curriculum

– Short of teachers with entrepreneurial background

– Limited resources & funds for limited students

– Limited data, statistics & studies

• Resulting consequences with students:

– Entrepreneurial capability, aspiration & outcome less satisfactory



What needs to be done next

• Promote entrepreneurship awareness to the public

• Exchange & collaborate with HEI’s in China & abroad

• Improve the curriculum & teaching level

• Enroll more students in entrepreneurship education

• Better policy incentives & capital funding



The role of SIFT

• Lead business & entrepreneurship education in east China

• Fully use its close relationship with Shanghai government

• Promote entrepreneurship support from Shanghai government – 5-year annual100 million RMB funding for programs to be defined

• Set up China’s 1st HEI Professional Development Center – Offer entrepreneurship courses taught by entrepreneurs & enterprisers

– Enhance students’ professional skills

– Assist students’ career planning

• As the key information center of NCGE in China



What SIFT will do next

• Hold annual entrepreneurship education conference in China

• Set a platform for domestic & global exchange & collaboration

• Launch a systematic data collection & analysis on entrepreneurship education in China

• Tap its resources in trade & business education to strengthen its entrepreneurship education

• Launch a full-scope entrepreneurs training program at SIFT-PDC

– For both graduates & post-graduates

– For both Chinese & foreigners

• Seek close cooperation with domestic/ international organizations

2006-09-12 NCGE China Partner: Shanghai Institue of Foreign Trade

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