National Drought Management Authority BARINGO COUNTY ...

BARINGO EW BULLETIN, AUGUST 2014 [email protected] – website: www.ndma.go.ke 1

BARINGO: CENTRAL/ NORTH/ EAST POKOT/ MARIGAT / MOGOTIO DISTRICTS: - WARNING STAGES

Seasonal Calendar

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Dry season: - (Land preparation, minimal calving, lambing & kidding) Long rains: - (Planting, most kidding & lambing and minimal calving & honey harvesting) Short rains: - (Most calving & honey harvesting and minimal kidding & lambing, pre-harvest & harvesting)

Livelihood Zone

Warning stage

Trend

Pastoral- all species Alarm

Improving

Agro pastoral

Alert

Improving

Irrigated Cropping

Alert

Improving

County

Alarm

Improving

National Drought Management Authority BARINGO COUNTY

DROUGHT MONITORING AND EARLY WARNING BULLETIN – AUGUST 2014


SITUATION OVERVIEW The drought situation improved in August 2014. Rains were received in the first week of

August in the highlands while in the low lands rainfall was received mainly in the second half of the month. This improved the situation slightly and had water pans recharged by about 40% from what they initially had.

In July 2 CSG meetings were held, an Exit CSG was held on 1st and a special CSG held on 11th

August 2014. Both were held in Kabarnet at Kenya School of Government and County

Governor’s boardroom respectively.

There was also the launch of FFA project in East Pokot held in Loyeya and attended by

including community members, Development partners (WFP, ACTED, ACTIONAID, ACTED)

County Government, Ministers, Members of County Assembly and CEC’s.

Recommendations to district authorities/ DSG and national KFSSG

The veterinary department / Agencies There is need to investigate and attend to CCPP, CBPP, FMD and ECF cases in the county. There have been vaccination efforts by MoLDF in the ongoing drought response program.

Main diseases affecting livestock is ECF and FMD in Cattle and CCPP and PPR in small

stock.

The GOK/ WFP and other Aid Agencies to put more efforts to ensure that communities in East Pokot, Baringo North and in the mixed farming livelihood zone are cushioned from the Drought effects to their livelihoods.

The Education department The following schools still have water challenges due to lack of water despite the rains experienced during the month; -

SUB COUNTY SCHOOLS

EAST POKOT Sokut. Alem, Apakizo and Chepanda in Maron. Loiwat high school.

BARINGO NORTH Karimo, Sibilo, Barketiew, Yatya, Kakir, Ngaratuko, Koiboware, Chemoe,

Kosile, Rormoch, Moionin, Kointoi, Chepkewel.

MARIGAT Lorok and Loitip school – most children with typhoid.

Schools affected by insecurity and Migration:

SUB COUNTY SCHOOLS

EAST POKOT Kapau Pri, Chesawach, Takawia, Napur. (Akoret). Nyakwalela, Maron,

Alem, Chepanda, Apakito, FGCK Tukolol, Ngaina, Chesotim, Korelach,

Kiezee, Adomeyon

MARIGAT Kiserian Sec, Kiserian Pri, Sokotei Pri.


A request for urgent water trucking was raised but so far residents have not been attended to yet the situation will get worse.

A number of schools have had an upsurge in number of students due to school feeding

program. There are reported cases of overstretching of the schools meals programs as a result

of increased ECD enrolment and migrations.

A number of schools have challenges with access to water for drinking, cooking and hand

washing/hygiene especially now that students are back in session.

Agriculture/Crop production

There is shortage of food in especially Pastoral livelihood zone.

Farmers need good quality seeds in Kollowa as they prepare land for planting season.

The Livestock department

There is slight improvement of animal body condition across the livelihood zones. One is

able to count between 1-3 ribs on livestock and about 0-2 in goats.

The MOH/ MPHS/ Stakeholders

Need to increase Water Sanitation and Hygiene education to county residents.

Kinyach and Kapunyany dispensaries affected by water shortage.

There is still general food insufficiency at the household level arising from high food

commodity prices that has rendered some households unable to meet their daily needs.

DISEASE AREAS REPORTED

1. MALARIA Kapenguria, Ngambo, Endao, Orus, Katikit.

2. DIARHOEA Kapenguria, Ngambo, Sintaan, Lesua, Kiserian.

3. SKIN DISEASES Kapenguria

5. TYPHOID. Kiserian. Yatya, Katikit

The Public Works Engineer to put more efforts to ensure that roads in the county are

rehabilitated to permit food and other logistics reach communities.

Residents of Akoret have for a long time requested for an improvement of the road to

Kamurio because even during drought, it is hard for the water trucks to access Kamurio

hence end up missing on drought water trucking response. In line with the same, it has led

to increased food prices and very high terms of trade. They request for assistance at this

time where they are hit with acute water shortage and food insecurity.

The Road through Kakapul has been damaged even more from the rains experienced in

August. This needs to be attended to urgently. Hazardous to motorists.

The District game warden: Requests from residents for the human –wildlife conflict to be monitored. There is human wildlife conflict in the areas mentioned below.


There has been livestock predation by wild animals as indicated below:

ANIMAL

AREAS REPORTED

ANIMALS AFFECTED

1. Baboons Maron Sheep,Goats

2. Lynx Maron Sheep

3. Hyena Maron Sheep and Goats

4. Snakes Maron 2 camels and threat to human

5. 2 Crocodiles Loiwat waterpan Humans, and livestock

These are informal reports to be verified/ confirmed through the normal KWS/ County Reserve reporting procedures.010

Current interventions 1) Non-food interventions.

Expansion of irrigated crop production under irrigated agriculture.

Promotion of drought tolerant crops (THVC).

Water harvesting for crop production (water pans)

2) Food Aid Currently relief food is being distributed in East Pokot, Marigat, Baringo North and Baringo Central Sub-counties where the most vulnerable people are targeted. The pipelines are many but not streamlined;

World Vision Kenya – (PRRO – FFA) – Marigat.

World Vision Kenya – (PRRO – FFA) – Kollowa and Tangulbei.

GFD through Presidency

Schools meals program- 1 meal/child/day

ACTED food vouchers targeting Households in Chesitet, Kapedo and Amaya

– Response to Drought. This will be done for 3 months.

Food for asset- 16 200 beneficiaries at 50*% nutrition for 12/30 days-

Baringo south (*to be upscaled to 65%)

Food for Asset -10,400 beneficiaries at 65% nutrition needs for 12/30 days-

East Pokot - Kollowa/Tangulbei division-still to roll out

Baringo County government.

Health facility SFP-Therapeutic feeding but weak linkage to GFD

Stability

1.1 Rainfall

The recorded amount of rainfall received was 91mm for an average of 6 days from 4 recording stations. (Kinyach = 142mm in 3 days, Marigat = 60mm in 6days, Chemolingot = 56mm in 6days, and Salabani = 106mm in 9days) There are two stations


that were left out since they are outliers, ie Komolion = 455mm in 10days, Kabarnet = 213mm in 19days.

1. Rain was received more in areas around Lake Bogoria and Kabarnet and Kipsaraman, at different times during the month. East Pokot Sub County however received the least amount of rainfall. The amount of rainfall received is below normal and was received mainly in Agro-pastoral livelihood zones. (Komolion and Kabarnet stations were not included in computing the average because they are outliers) Need to have a better geographical coverage for better representation.

Source: NDMA/ Organizations and Kenya Meteorological department rain gauge data stations:

6.1 Natural Vegetation & pasture Condition

The general condition of pasture and browse improved in all livelihood zones.

The browse could last for about 4 months in Agro pastoral livelihood zone, however in Pastoral livelihood zone, it could last for about 2 nothing.

The average distance grazing areas increased to 4.57 km from 3.0km. Pastoral livelihood zone cover more distances to grazing points (6.8 km) an increase from last month’s and more than Irrigated cropping (1 km), previous month was 1 Km and Agro-Pastoral (5.9) last month was (7.4 km) a decrease of about 1.5 Km.

MARCH 2014 APRIL 2014 MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 JULY 2014 AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE DISTANCE TO GRAZING AREA.

DISTANCE TO GRAZING AREA.





AGROPASTORAL 8.4 9.2 9.4 7.8 7.4 5.9

IRRIGATED CROPPING 3.3 4.7 3.7 0 1 1

PASTORAL – ALL SPECIES 7.1 9.2 8.8 8.2 6.0 6.8

AVERAGE 6.3 7.7 7.3 8.0 3.0 4.57

6.1 Water Sources & Availability

During the last four weeks the water availability improved in All livelihood zones due to improved rainfall. However spatial coverage was poor. There was some recharge of water bodies (water pans) in all livelihood zones. 80-90% of the pans and seasonal rivers are


recharged. These were recharged by about 30-60%, higher in agro-pastoral and less in Pastoral livelihood zone.

There are many boreholes that have been marked for repair to be done under the drought contingency response currently ongoing.

Kamurio Borehole in Akoret was supported by NDMA through the drought response program currently ongoing.

Assistance by NDMA in fueling diesel powered boreholes especially in Mukutany to assist farmers close the rainfall gap so as to at least get some harvest from the planted crops.


LIVELIHOOD ZONE DISTANCE TO NEAREST WATER SOURCE.

DISTANCE TO NEAREST WATER SOURCE.





AGROPASTORAL 4.3 5.3 4.8 4.2 4.3 3.4


PASTORAL – ALL SPECIES 3.0 4.4 3.5 2.9 3.5 3.3

AVERAGE 3.2 4.3 3.7 3.6 5.5 2.57

1.4 Emerging Issues

Prevailing food insecurity in pockets of East Pokot, eg Chesitet, Kapedo, Katikit, Ngaina and Yatya.

Now that some areas are experiencing rainfall, there are rivers that get flooded eg Nginyang causing a challenge for travelers.

The areas around Lake Baringo and Bogoria are experiencing an increase water level rise.

1.1.1 Insecurity/ Conflict/ Human displacement

There is need to be on alert regarding insecurity/conflict and displacement due to migrations as animals may return to usual grazing areas, if the rains continue.


1.1.3 Other factors affecting livelihoods

There is urgent need to enhance inter community dialogue and security monitoring to be

enhanced to reduce risk of damages/loss especially around grazing communal grazing

areas.

Closure of Marigat and Amaya livestock markets.

1.5 Implications on Food Security

Insecurity makes it difficult for communities to access food from the markets or access markets to sell livestock, hence poor (low) prices. This also increases food commodity prices.

2. Food Availability.

2.1 Livestock Production 2.1.1 Livestock body condition

Livestock health has started improving in all the livelihoods in the county.

One can count between 2-4 ribs in cows and 0-2 in goats.

There were few reported cases of livestock diseases and loss of livestock through death mainly caused by bloating brought about by consumption of grass that’s tender.

2.1.2 Livestock diseases

DISEASE AREAS REPORTED ANIMALS AFFECTED

LIVESTOCK LOST

1. CCPP Kapenguria, Kolloa, Nyalil Buch (Endao). Kinyach, Kiserian, Yatya, Orus

Goats and Sheep.

2. PPR Orus, Yatya, Sibilo, Orus Goats, Sheep and cattle.

3. ECF Kerio river basin, Kapenguria, Kinyach, Tangulbei, Kaptuiya, Orus, Kiserian, Yatya

Cattle (Yatya)

5. Foot and Mouth Disease

Loruk, Ngambo, Kaptuiya, Tangulbei Cows

6. Diarrhoea Kapenguria Goats and Sheep.

7. Worms Kiserian. Kapenguria Goats and Sheep.

8. Lung Disease Kinyach

Goats

9 Miscarriages Nyalil Buch and Barkibi – Endao

Goats

10 Bloating Loiwat

Cows 5

Main diseases affecting livestock is ECF in Cattle and CCPP and PPR in small stock. The FMD reported in Marigat, Mogotio Amaya and Baringo North resulted in quarantine being declared in these sub-Counties. In Marigat, FMD Type-1 was diagnosed and vaccinations


were carried out in August. However Marigat Livestock Market has not been reopened. The disease is still being monitored with a view to lifting the quarantine.

Vaccination done in Barwesa and Ngambo and Kaptuiya although residents of Ngambo and Kaptuiya complained that it was expensive to vaccinate each cow at Ksh 100 per cow.

2.1.3 Milk production

Milk production increased from 66 bottles to 132 bottles (750 ml bottles). It is highest in pastoral zone with 232 compared to 32 bottles in Agro pastoral, an increase from last month’s production of 187 bottles in the pastoral livelihood zone from 6 to 32 Agro pastoral. This is attributed to rainfall experienced during the month and improved pasture and browse in all livelihood zones.

FEBRUARY 2014

MARCH 2014

APRIL 2014

MAY 2014

JUNE 2014

JULY 2014

AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE PROD (750 ml) Bottles

PROD (750 ml) Bottles






AGROPASTORAL 47 42 24 32 30 6 32

IRRIGATED CROPPING 0 0 0 0 0 2 0

PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 177 162 149 124 109 187 232

AVERAGE 112 102 86.5 78 69.5 66 132

2.2 Crop production 2.2.1 Timeliness & status of crop

Preparation of land was done, people waited for the rains but in vain and where it rained it was poor. There are few people who planted in anticipation however there was very minimal germination of which dried up and are now very discouraged and thus expect very low or no harvest later this year.

2.2.2 Pest and diseases

There were no pests and diseases.

2.2.3 Harvest

There is no harvesting at this time of the year.

2.2.4 Implications on food security

Milk production at household is low and has placed the health of the under-five year’s children at risk.

3. Access to Food 1.1 Livestock marketing

3.1.1 Cattle prices (From household level) MARCH 2014 APRIL 2014 MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 JULY 2014 AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE PRICE OF CATTLE

AVERAGE PRICE OF CATTLE





AGROPASTORAL 18,092 18070 12891 13220 7969 8540

IRRIGATED CROPPING 0 0 0 0 4000 0

PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES

13,120 10,413 8194 7716 6748 6404

AVERAGE 15,606 14,241 10542 10468 6239 7472


N = 480 HH

The average price of cattle increased slightly from Ksh. 6239 in July to Ksh 7472 in August. The price decrease was attributed to improved rainfall, pasture and body condition. The price was lower than the long term mean by 18.8 % as shown on the graph.

Agro Pastoral livelihood zone had the highest average cattle price of Kshs. 8,540 owing to easier access to markets. Pastoral all species livelihood zone had the lowest average price of Kshs. 6,404. The cattle price is below normal at this time of the year.

1.1.2 Goats price (From household level)

N = 480 HH

MARCH 2014

APRIL 2014 MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 JULY 2014 AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE PRICE OF GOAT.

AVERAGE PRICE OF GOAT.





AGROPASTORAL 3052 2341 2115.7 2084.6 1652.6 1863


PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 2205 2133 1810.6 1543.5 1684.2 1743

AVERAGE 2159 2237 2542 1814 1668 1803


The average goat price increased from Ksh. 1,668 in July to Ksh. 1,803 in August showing appreciation. The price is above the long term mean by 5.7 %.

Agro Pastoral livelihood zone had the highest average price of Kshs. 1,863 while Pastoral all species livelihood zone had the lowest price average of Kshs. 1,6743 partly owing to unstable markets. The prices are above normal at this time of the year.

3.1.3 Sheep prices (From household level)

MARCH 2014

APRIL 2014

MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 JULY 2014 AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE PRICE OF SHEEP

AVERAGE PRICE OF SHEEP





AGROPASTORAL 2321 1701 1424 1568 1367 1557

IRRIGATED CROPPING

0 0 0 0 0 0


1999 1734 1738 1359 1302 1593

AVERAGE 2628 1718 1580.8 1463 1335 1575

N = 480 HH

The average sheep price increased from Ksh. 1,335 in July to Ksh. 1,575 in August showing appreciation. The price was higher than the long term mean by 17.7 %.

Pastoral all species livelihood zone had the highest average price of Ksh 1,593 while Agro-Pastoral livelihood zone had the lowest price of Ksh 1,557.The prices are above normal at this time of the year however below that of same time last year.

3.1.4 Camel prices (The animal is rarely sold and only reared in pastoral livelihood zone)

Pastoral- all species livelihood zone is the only livelihood zone that normally has sales in camels. 6 Camels was sold in August at an average of Ksh 7,750 a decrease from last months.

3.2 Livestock sales MAY 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE NUMBER OF CATTLE SOLD

NUMBER OF SHEEP SOLD

NUMBER OF GOATS SOLD

NUMBER OF CAMELS SOLD

TOTAL

AGROPASTORAL

20 31 123 0 174


IRRIGATED CROPPING

0 0 3 0 3


31 19 290 4 344

TOTAL 51 50 416 4 521

JUNE 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE NUMBER OF

CATTLE SOLD NUMBER OF SHEEP SOLD



TOTAL

AGROPASTORAL

20 22 112 0 154

IRRIGATED CROPPING

0 0 0 0 0


25 29 333 2 389

TOTAL 45 51 445 2 543

JULY 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE NUMBER OF




TOTAL

AGROPASTORAL

8 11 53 0 72

IRRIGATED CROPPING

1 0 0 0 1


76 24 351 19 470

TOTAL 85 35 404 19 543

AUGUST 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE NUMBER OF




TOTAL

AGROPASTORAL

5 7 68 0 80

IRRIGATED CROPPING

0 0 0 0 0


50 20 304 6 380

TOTAL 55 27 372 6 460

The volume of livestock sales Total decreased from last month. Sales for all animals decreased. This can be attributed to closure of livestock markets in Amaya and Marigat.

Pastoral all species livelihood zone had the highest sales as they have livestock as their main source of livelihood while Irrigated cropping livelihood zone had the lowest sales owing to fewer livestock in this zone and an outbreak of foot and mouth disease hence closure of livestock market (Marigat).

3.3 MILK CONSUMPTION LIVELIHOOD ZONE MILK CONS

MARCH 2014 MILK CONS APRIL 2014

MILK CONS MAY 2014

MILK CONS JUNE 2014

MILK CONS JULY 2014

MILK CONS AUGUST 2014

AGROPASTORAL 42 24 29 30 5 29


PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 158 142 121 102 174 208

AVERAGE 100 83 75 66 60 118.5

Milk consumption by household members increased in all livelihood zones. The average consumption increased from an average of 60 bottles to 118.5 bottles. The increase is


attributed to slight increase in amount of milk. Milk consumption is highest in pastoral zone at 208 bottles compared to 29 in Agro pastoral and 0 in irrigated cropping.

CALVING AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL.

MAY 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE CATTLE BIRTHS CAMEL BIRTHS GOAT BIRTHS SHEEP BIRTHS

AGROPASTORAL 56 0 247 70 373

IRRIGATED CROPPING 6 0 33 39 78

PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 213 31 891 240 1375

TOTAL 275 31 1171 349 1826

JUNE 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE CATTLE BIRTHS CAMEL BIRTHS GOAT BIRTHS SHEEP BIRTHS




TOTAL 219 27 417 1025 1688

JULY 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE CATTLE BIRTHS CAMEL BIRTHS GOAT BIRTHS SHEEP BIRTHS




TOTAL 222 13 939 191 1365

AUGUST 2014 LIVELIHOOD ZONE CATTLE BIRTHS CAMEL BIRTHS GOAT BIRTHS SHEEP BIRTHS




TOTAL 169 34 969 250 1422

3.4 Crop prices (Market prices) 3.4.1 Maize FEBRUARY

2014 MARCH

2014 APRIL 2014 MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 AUGUST

2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE PRICE OF MAIZE

AVERAGE PRICE OF MAIZE





AGROPASTORAL 43.9 41.7 50 47.8 48.3 51.7


PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 59.6 55.2 52.9 54.2 61.5 55.2

AVERAGE 47.83 46.7 48.7 49 54.9 50.63


N = 480 HH

The average maize price per Kg during the month was Ksh 52, it increased from that of July. The average price was more than the long term mean by 13.0 %.

Poor stock levels at household level, Erratic supply of Maize to the local markets from Agro- pastoralists within the county and also neighboring counties, and insecurity are the cause of increasing prices.

Pastoral-all species livelihood zone had the highest average price of Kshs. 50.6 owing to erratic accessibility of the commodity in the local markets, due to non-availability of Maize in the zone. While Irrigated cropping livelihood zone had the lowest price of Kshs. 45 owing to easy accessibility of the commodity in the local markets. The average maize price per kg is above normal.

3.4.2 Posho (maize meal)


LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE


PRICE OF POSHO

PRICE OF POSHO

PRICE OF POSHO

PRICE OF POSHO

PRICE OF POSHO

PRICE OF POSHO

AGROPASTORAL 51.1 55 57.2 58.3 58.6 60.8

IRRIGATED CROPPING 48.3 48.3 50 0 50 50

PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 58.8 56 60.2 71.3 63.5 58.9

AVERAGE 52.73 53.1 55.8 64..8 57.4 56.6

The average price of Posho per Kg during the month was Ksh 56.6, A slight increase from that of the previous month which was Ksh 57.4

Posho average prices were highest in the Agro - pastoral livelihood zone (Ksh 60.8) due to erratic availability of maize in the local markets while it was lowest in Irrigated cropping livelihood zone where it retailed for (Kshs 50.0) owing to easier availability in the local markets. The price of Posho is above normal compared to this time in a normal year.

3.4.3 Beans price (market price)

N = 480 HH

MARCH 2014

APRIL 2014 MAY 2014 JUNE 2014 JULY 2014 AUGUST 2014

LIVELIHOOD ZONE AVERAGE PRICE OF BEANS

AVERAGE PRICE OF BEANS





AGROPASTORAL 106.7 110 108.3 116.7 112.2 105

IRRIGATED CROPPING 90 86.7 86.7 0 80 0

PASTORAL - ALL SPECIES 109.6 106.2 111.9 125.9 115.9 118.2

AVERAGE 102.10 101.6 102.3 121.3 102.7 111.6

The average price of beans per kg during the month was Kshs 111.6 Kshs 8.9 more than that of July.

Beans prices were highest in the Pastoral all species livelihood zone (Kshs. 118.2) due to erratic availability of the commodity in the local markets while it was lowest in the Agro-pastoral livelihood zone (Kshs. 105) owing to stable availability of the commodity in the local markets. Beans prices are above normal compared to this time in a normal year.

3.5 Income


3.5.1 Main source of income

The average daily wage rate per casual for the month was Kshs. 161, Kshs. 11 more than that of July 2014.

Agro pastoral livelihood zone had the highest wage rate of Kshs 183, while Pastoral livelihood zone had the lowest wage rate of Kshs 139.

Most of the trade in charcoal, wood products and petty trading was recorded in Pastoral- all species livelihood zone, this clearly brings out unavailability substantial income from livestock sales for the households in this zone as much as they are more involved in sale of livestock as a source of income compared to the other livelihood zones.

There was a noted decrease in trade of livestock from 32% to 26% and increase in sale of charcoal from 12% to 17%.

N = 480 HH

3.5.2 Livestock income There was a decrease in income from Livestock sales compared to that of July. It decreased from 32% to 26%. Pastoral-all species livelihood zone had the highest livestock income due to high number of animals sold in the markets, while it was lowest in Irrigated cropping livelihood zone owing to reduced activity and closure of Marigat livestock market due to Quarantine for FMD. Irrigated livelihood zone also have few animals and don’t sell them often.

3.5.3 Other sources of income

Sale of honey, charcoal and selling fish were the other sources of income during the month with approximately a fraction of the household’s members sampled engaged as fishermen around Lake Baringo (Komolion community), Tangulbei division and honey sellers in a wide area of the three livelihood zones, however, there is very little honey at the moment due to the dry spell. It is noted that there was an increase in number of people engaged as casual laborers, selling of charcoal and wood products.

3.6 Terms of trade (cereal - meat price ratio % - purchasing power) - (market based)


N = 480 HH

Terms of trade was above the long-term mean by 11.5%. The price ratio was highest in Pastoral all species livelihood zone (89%). This is due to uncertainty due to decrease in animal prices and increase in food prices.

3.7 Implications on food security The declining prices of livestock has brought about a lot of uncertainty to people. There is decreased purchasing power which decreases the asset level of the pastoralists through increased number of animals sold to purchase food hence destabilizing household food security. Pastoral-all species livelihood zone needs a particular attention owing to low animal prices obtained compared to high prices incurred to purchase cereals.

4. Utilization of Food 4.1 Nutrition status (children at risk of getting malnutrition)

N = 2,267 children

The average June MUAC level was 19.17, 1.57 more than that of July. The level of malnutrition went above the long term mean by 2.17 which is 12.8%. The nutritional status of the children shown by the percentage, in the sampled areas worsened during the month. From the pattern,


there is a steady increase since June. This is not in tandem with milk production and consumption however there is still reduced availability of food at the household level especially in the Pastoral livelihood zone. The number of children with MUAC 135mm and below increased from 367 in July to 425 in August. Malnutrition levels.

Kapenguria = 42.8%, Kiserian = 15.5%, Kolloa = 27.7%, Komolion = 30.6%, Loiwat = 29.0%, Maron = 36.4%, Katikit = 30.3% and Yatya = 19.5%.

MUAC, the county’s average MUAC is above long term average at this time of the year.

There were 5 children with MUAC below 115 ie 2 Ngoron and Kolloa and 1 in Ngambo.

4.2 Health

Worsening food security and to low production of milk from the animals as a result of

insufficient forage and deteriorating health of the animals.

There is a general food insufficiency at the household level arising from high food

commodity prices that has rendered some households unable to meet their daily needs.

4.3 Flagged areas

Sentinel sites with high MUAC levels which is an indication of Nutritional levels that need

to be addressed.

Poor sanitation and hygiene levels need to be addressed.

Food insecurity. – Lack of food at household level especially in Pastoral livelihood zone.

5. Kolloa, Loiwat, Yatya, Nakoko, Maron and Ngoron have many indicators showing that the

situation is not good, from high cereal prices, poor cattle, goat and sheep prices

Current intervention measures

5.1 Non-food interventions

Vaccination of Livestock.

Fuel subsidy for Boreholes in Maoi, Kapau, Tangulbei and Mukutani.

Promotion of drought tolerant crops (THVC).

Water harvesting for crop production (water pans)

5.3 Other coping strategies and Response mechanisms. The coping mechanisms employed by the vulnerable population cutting across all the livelihood zones during the month were borrowing food from relatives, Reduction in size of meals & skipping some, purchase food on credit. This was employed by 77% and increase from last month’s 60%, of the sampled households while only 26 % of the households sold their livestock. Compared to the previous month, the number of people selling livestock decreased.

Attempt to destock through commercial sales: depressed prices undermining this effort:

6. Recommendations i. There is need for provision of water services, repair of boreholes, protection of springs etc.

especially in areas hit by water shortage.


ii. Residents in conflict/ cattle rustling prone areas need more security personnel deployed

especially at a time when there may be increased conflict for resources like water and

grazing land. Residents request for increased security and surveillance however say that

there is very slow response from the government.

iii. The Health/Nutritional sector working committee to establish criteria for geographical and

beneficiary targeting and integrate to the four established food and nutritional programs

(facility based SFP, School Meals Programme, FFA, and GFD by Presidency)

Warning Stages NORMAL: Environmental, Livestock and pastoral welfare indicators show no unusual fluctuations and

remain in the expected seasonal range. ALERT: Environmental indicators show unusual fluctuations outside expected seasonal ranges.

This occurs within the entire county, or within localized regions; OR: Asset levels of households are still too low to provide an adequate subsistence level and

vulnerability to food insecurity is still high. ALARM: Environmental and livestock/agricultural indicators fluctuate outside expected seasonal

ranges, affecting the local economy. This condition occurs in most parts of the county, and directly and indirectly threatens food security of pastoralists and/or agro-pastoralists.

EMERGENCY: All indicators are fluctuating outside normal ranges. Local production systems are

collapsed as well as the dominant economy within the county. This situation affects the asset status and purchasing power of the population to an extent that welfare levels have been seriously worsened resulting in famine threat.

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