Nakshatra hindu astrology details

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6 See also7 References

Nakshatras in the Atharvaveda

In the Atharvaveda (Shaunakiya recension, hymn 19.7) a list of 28 stars or asterisms is given, many of themcorresponding to the later nakshatras:

(1) Kttik (the Pleiads), (2) Rohin, (3) Mrigashrsha, (4) rdr, (5) Punarvasu, (6) Snrit, (7) Pushya, (8)Bhanu (the Sun), (9) Aslesh, (10) Magh, (11) Svti (Arcturus), (12) Chitr (Spica), (13) Phalgunis, (14) Hasta,(15) Rdhas, (16) Vishkh, (17) Anurdh, (18) Jyeshth, (19) Mla, (20) Ashdhas, (21) Abhijit, (22)

Sravana, (23) Sravishths, (24) Satabhishak, (25) Proshtha-padas, (26) Revati, (27) Asvayujas, (28) Bharani. [2]

Interestingly enough, the term "nakshatra" has a different meaning as demonstrated in the "Surya Siddhanta"which is an ancient text on astronomy. In the early chapters, the author, Mayasura or Mayan, describes varioustime units. He writes that a "prana" is a duration of 4 seconds. He then continues with a discussion of a numberof time units with progressively long durations made up of the shorter time units all composed of a number of

pranas. Amongst those time units are something he calls "nakshatra." For example, there are 15 pranas in aminute; 900 pranas in an hour; 21600 pranas in a day, 583,200 pranas in a nakshatra (month). According toMayan, a nakshatra is a time unit with a duration of 27 days. This 27 day time cycle has been taken to mean aparticular group of stars. The relationship to the stars really has to do with the periodicity with which the moontravels over time and through space past the field of the specific stars called nakshatras. Hence, the stars aremore like numbers on a clock through which the hands of time pass (the moon). This concept that nakshatrameans a time unit has been lost and diverted to meaning a set of stars in the sky. This concept was discovered byDr. Jessie Mercay in her research on Surya Siddhanta. It is documented in a textbook called "Fundamentals ofMamuni Mayans Vaastu Shastras, Building Architecture of Sthapatya Veda and Traditional Indian architecture."(Mercay, 2006 - 20012, AUM Science and Technology publishers)

List of Nakshatras

The classical list of 27 nakshatras is first found in the Vedanga Jyotisha, a text dated to the final centuries BCE.The nakshatra system predates the influence of Hellenistic astronomy on Indian tradition, which becameprevalent from about the 2nd century CE.

In Hindu astrology, there are various systems of enumerating 27 or 28 nakshatras. The following list of

nakshatras gives the corresponding regions of sky, following Basham.[3]

No. Name Associated stars Description Image

1Ashvini"wife of the Ashvins"

and Arietis

Lord: Ketu (South lunarnode)Symbol: Horse's headDeity : Ashvins, the horse-headed twins who arephysicians to the godsIndian zodiac: 0 - 1320'

hatra - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

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MeshaWestern zodiac 26 Aries -920' Taurus

2; 7Bharani"the bearer"

35, 39, and 41Arietis

Lord: Shukra (Venus)Symbol: Yoni, the female

organ of reproductionDeity: Yama, god of death orDharmaIndian zodiac: 13 20' -2640' MeshaWestern zodiac 9 20' - 2240' Taurus

3Krittikaan old name of the Pleiades;personified as the nurses ofKrttikeya, a son of Shiva.

Pleiades

Lord: Surya (Sun)Symbol: Knife or spearDeity : Agni, god of fireIndian zodiac: 2640' Mesha- 10 VrishabhaWestern zodiac 22 40'Taurus - 6 Gemini

4; 9

Rohini

"the red one", a name ofAldebaran. Also known asbrhm

Aldebaran

Lord: Chandra (Moon)Symbol: Cart or chariot,temple, banyan tree

Deity : Brahma or Prajapati,the CreatorIndian zodiac: 10 - 2320'VrishabhaWestern zodiac 6 - 1920'Gemini

5; 3Mrigashrsha

"the deer's head". Alsoknown as grahya

, Orionis

Lord: Mangala (Mars)Symbol: Deer's headDeity: Soma, Chandra, the

Moon godIndian zodiac: 23 20'Vrishabha - 6 40' MithunaWestern zodiac: 1920'Gemini - 240' Cancer


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6; 4Ardra"the moist one"

Betelgeuse

Lord: Rahu (North lunarnode)Symbol: Teardrop, diamond,a human headDeity : Rudra, the storm godIndian zodiac: 6 40' - 20

MithunaWestern zodiac: 2 40' - 16Cancer

7; 5

Punarvasu (dual)"the two restorers of goods",also known asyamakau "thetwo chariots"

Castor andPollux

Lord: Guru (Jupiter)Symbol: Bow and quiverDeity : Aditi, mother of thegodsIndian zodiac: 20 Mithuna -320' KarkaWestern zodiac 16 - 2920'Cancer

8; 6Pushya"the nourisher", also knownassidhya ortiya

, and Cancri

Lord: Shani (Saturn)Symbol: Cow's udder, lotus,arrow and circleDeity : Bhaspati, priest ofthe godsIndian zodiac: 320' -1640'

KarkaWestern zodiac 2920'Cancer - 1240' Leo

9; 7shlesh"the embrace"

, , , , and Hydrae

Lord: Budh (Mercury)Symbol: SerpentDeity : Sarpas or Nagas,deified snakesIndian zodiac: 1640' - 30Karka

Western zodiac 1240' - 26Leo

10;15

Magh"the bountiful"

Regulus

Lord: Ketu (south lunarnode)Symbol: Royal ThroneDeity : Pitrs, 'The Fathers',family ancestors


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Indian zodiac: 0 - 1320'SimhaWestern zodiac 26 Leo -920' Virgo

11Prva Phalgun"first reddish one"

and Leonis

Lord: Shukra (Venus)Symbol: Front legs of bed,hammock, fig treeDeity : Bhaga, god of maritalbliss and prosperityIndian zodiac: 1320' -2640' SimhaWestern zodiac 920' - 2240'Virgo

12Uttara Phalgun"second reddish one"

Denebola

Lord: Surya (Sun)Symbol: Four legs of bed,hammockDeity : Aryaman, god ofpatronage and favoursIndian zodiac: 2640' Simha-10 KanyaWestern zodiac 2240' Virgo- 6 Libra

13Hasta"the hand"

, , , and Corvi

Lord: Chandra (Moon)Symbol: Hand or fistDeity : Saviti or Surya, theSun godIndian zodiac: 10 - 2320'KanyaWestern zodiac 6 - 1920'Libra

14Chitra"the bright one", a name ofSpica

Spica

Lord: Mangala (Mars)

Symbol: Bright jewel or pearlDeity : Tvastar orVishvakarman, the celestialarchitectIndian zodiac: 2320' Kanya- 640' TulaWestern zodiac: 1920' Libra- 240' Scorpio


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15Svtiname of Arcturus (ofunknown derivation)

Arcturus

Lord: Rahu (north lunarnode)Symbol: Shoot of plant, coralDeity : Vayu, the Wind godIndian zodiac: 640' - 20Tula

Western zodiac 240' - 16Scorpio

16;14

Visakha"forked, having branches";also known as rdh "thegift"

, , and Librae

Lord: Guru (Jupiter)Symbol: Triumphal arch,potter's wheelDeity : Indra, chief of thegods; Agni, god of FireIndian zodiac: 20 Tula -320' VrishchikaWestern zodiac 16 - 2920'Scorpio

17Anuradha"following rdh"

, and Scorpionis

Lord: Shani (Saturn)Symbol: Triumphal archway,lotusDeity : Mitra, one of Adityasof friendship and partnershipIndian zodiac: 320' - 1640'VrishchikaWestern zodiac 2920'Scorpio - 1240' Sagittarius

18;16

Jyeshtha"the eldest, most excellent"

, , and Scorpionis

Lord: Budh (Mercury)Symbol: circular amulet,umbrella, earringDeity : Indra, chief of thegodsIndian zodiac: 1640' - 30

VrishchikaWestern zodiac 1240' - 26Sagittarius

19;17

Mula"the root"

, , , , , , , and Scorpionis

Lord: Ketu (south lunarnode)Symbol: Bunch of roots tiedtogether, elephant goad


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Deity : Nirrti, goddess ofdissolution and destructionIndian zodiac: 0 - 1320'DhanusWestern zodiac 26Sagittarius - 920' Capricorn

20;18

Purva Ashadha

"first of the ah", ah"the invincible one" being thename of a constellation

and Sagittarii

Lord: Shukra (Venus)Symbol: Elephant tusk, fan,winnowing basketDeity : Apah, god of WaterIndian zodiac: 1320' -2640' DhanusWestern zodiac 920' - 2240'Capricorn

21Uttara Ashadha

"second of the ah" and Sagittarii

Lord: Surya (Sun)Symbol: Elephant tusk, smallbedDeity : Visvedevas, universalgodsIndian zodiac: 2640'Dhanus - 10 MakaraWestern zodiac 2240'Capricorn - 6 Aquarius

22;20 Abhijit"victorious"[4], and Lyrae -Vega

Lord: Brahma

23;20

Sravana, and Aquilae

Lord: Chandra (Moon)Symbol: Ear or ThreeFootprintsDeity : Vishnu, preserver ofuniverseIndian zodiac: 10 - 2320'MakaraWestern zodiac 6 - 1920'Aquarius

24;21;23

Dhanishta"most famous", alsoShravishth "swiftest"

to Delphini

Lord: Mangala (Mars)Symbol: Drum or fluteDeity : Eight vasus, deities ofearthly abundanceIndian zodiac: 2320'Makara - 640' Kumbha


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Western zodiac 1920'Aquarius - 240' Pisces

24;22

Shatabhisha"requiring a hundredphysicians"

Aquarii

Lord: Rahu (north lunarnode)Symbol: Empty circle, 1,000

flowers or starsDeity : Varuna, god ofcosmic waters, sky and earthIndian zodiac: 640' - 20Kumbha ; Western zodiac240' - 16 Pisces

25;3

Purva Bhadrapada"the first of the blessed feet"

and Pegasi

Lord: Guru (Jupiter)Symbol: Swords or two frontlegs of funeral cot, man withtwo facesDeity : Ajikapada, anancient fire dragonIndian zodiac: 20 Kumbha -320' Meena ; Westernzodiac 16 - 2920' Pisces

26;4

Uttara Bhdrapad"the second of the blessedfeet"

Pegasi and Andromedae

Lord: Shani (Saturn)Symbol: Twins, back legs of

funeral cot, snake in thewaterDeity : Ahir Budhyana,serpent or dragon of the deepIndian zodiac: 320' - 1640'Meena ; Western zodiac2920' Pisces - 1240' Aries

27;5

Revati"prosperous"

Piscium

Lord: Budh (Mercury)Symbol: Fish or a pair of

fish, drumDeity : Pushan, nourisher,the protective deityIndian zodiac: 1640' - 30MeenaWestern zodiac 1240' - 26Aries


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22 rvaa () Ju/Khi Je/Khu Jo/Khe Gha/Kho

23 rviha (^) or Dhanishta Ga Gi Gu Ge

24 Shatabhisha ()or atataraka Go Sa Si Su

25 Prva Bhdrapad ([

)

Se

So

Da

Di

26 Uttara Bhdrapad () Du Tha Jha Da/Tra

27 Revati () De Do Cha Chi

Use in astrology

Hindu given names

Hindu astrologers (see Jyotisha) teach that when a child is born, they should be given an auspicious first namewhich will correspond to the child's Nakshatra. The technique for deducing the name is to see which nakshatrathe moon is in at the moment of birth; this gives four possible sounds. A refinement is to pick one sound out ofthat four that relates to the Pada or division of the Nakshatra. Each Nakshatra has four Padas and four soundsand each Pada is of equal width. The Moon remains in each Nakshatra for approximately one day.

A further refinement or opportunity is to instead use the Nakshatra that the ascendent resides in at birth. Thesame broad choice of sounds and Padas apply, but now the sounds change roughly every 15 minutes. Theascendent passes through all 27 Nakshatras every 24 hours, being in each one for 53 and a third minutes of time,and is in a Pada for 13 and a third minutes of time. By using the ascendent's nakshatra, instead of the moon's

nakshatra leads more to comfort of the Self, rather than comfort of the mother. This second approach is onlyreally applicable if intuitively the moon approach does not feel right.

Electional astrology

Constellations are grouped on the basis of their nature, type of their face, degree of their beneficence, theirquarters in different signs, with reference to the constellation occupied by the Sun, with reference to the birthconstellation (Janma Nakshatra), their caste, etc. The current constellation occupied by the Moon, and itsnature forms the fundamental of Vedic system of electional astrology (Muhurta). Some of the activities andworks which are associated with the Nakshatras are given below based on their fundamental nature:

Fixed (Dhruva, Sthira) constellations:

Rohini, Uttara Bhdrapad , Uttra Falguni, and Uttara Ashada

Fixed and permanent nature, house, village, temple, entering in new hose-city-temple, religious works, rites forgetting peace, propitiation of portents, Vinayaka Shanti, coronation, sowing of seeds, planting of small garden,starting of vocal music, friendship, sexual works, making & wearing of ornaments & clothes may beauspiciously begun / effectively performed. Works allocated to delicate & friendly (Mridu) asterisms may alsobe performed.


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Movable (Chala , Chara) constellations:

Punarvasu, Swaati, Sharavana, Shatabhish & Shravishth

Related to motion & movement, riding on a vehicle or elephant, opening of shop, walking first time, walking ingarden, sex, making jewellery, learning of a trait. Things performed in Small (Laghu) constellation are alsoeffectively performed in the Movable constellations.

Cruel (Ugra, Karur) constellations:

Magha, Bharani, Porva Palguni, Poorva Shada, & Poorva Bhadra.

Ambush, burning, poisoning (self & others), making & using weapons especially related to fire, cheating /deception / wickedness / craftiness, cutting & destroying, controlling of animals, beating & punishing of enemy.Works allocated to Sharp / Horrible (Darun) asterisms are also successfully done in these asterisms.

Mixed (Mishra & Sadharan) constellations

Vishakha & Krittika.

Fire works, burning of sacred fire (Agnihotra), using poison, fearsome works, arresting, adulteration (mixing),donation of ox to get ones desires fulfilled (Vrashotsarga). Works prescribed under cruel (Ugra, Karur)constellations may also be performed. As per N.S. works of Sweet / delicate & friendly (Mridu & Maitri)constellations can also be included.

Small (Laghu & Kshipra) constellations

Hasta, Abhijit, Pushya, and Ashvini.

Selling, medical knowledge, using & handling of medicines, literature-music-art, the 64 Kala Shilpa (various artssculpture etc.) jewellery making & wearing, sexual intercourse. And the works prescribed for Movable ( Char)constellations. Though Abhijit is included in Small group of asterisms, but is rarely referred in the Muhurtprescriptions.

Sweet/Delicate & Friendly (Mridu & Maitri) constellations

Mrigashrsha, Chitra, Anuradha and Revati.

Starting & learning singing of songs, clothes & jewellery making & wearing, Manglik works, matter related tofriends, female company, enjoyments, sexual passions.

Sharp & Horrible ( Teekshan & Darun ) constellations:

Jyeshta, Ardra, Ashlesha, and Moola

Charm or spell causing disease or death, hypnotism, sorcery; ghost, ambush, horror, murder, capture, mattersrelated to secrecy, backbiting, starting of quarrel, separation, matters related to friendship & breaking thereof,training & tying of animals, pleasure works, playing games, getting made & wearing of new dress & ornaments,starting & learning singing of songs, entering into village / city, peaceful & developmental works.

Names in modern languages


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The names of nakshatras in other languages are adapted from the Sanskrit variation (apabhramsa) through Palior Prakrit. The variations evolved for easier pronunciation in popular usage.

#Sanskrit

Telugu

Kannada

Malayalam

Tamil

Mongolian

1

Ashvin

Ashwini

Ashwini

Ashvati

Aswini

2Bharan

Bharani

Bharani

Bharai

Barai

3Krittik

Kritika

Kritika

Krttika

Krthikai{

4Rohini

Rohini

Rohini

Rhii

Rhii

5 Mrigashrsha[

Mrigashira MrigashiraMakayiram

Mirugasridam

6rdr

Ardra

Ardra

tira orTiruvtira()

Thiruvdhirai

7Punarvasu

[Punarvasu

Punarvasu

Puartam

Punarpoosam

8 Pushya Pushya Pushya Pyam Poosam

9shlesh

/ Ashlesha

Ashlesha

yilyam

Ayilyam

10Magh

Maagha

Maagha

Makam

Magam

11

Prva or PrvaPhalgun

[

Poorva

Poorva

Pram

Pooram

12

Uttara or UttaraPhalgun

Uttara

Uttara

Utram

Uthiram{

13Hasta

Hasta

Hasta

Attam

Astham


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14Chitr

]Chitra

Chitra

Chittira ()

Chithirai{

15Svt

Swathi

Swathi

Chti

Swathi

16

Vishkh

Vishakha

Vishakha

Vishkham

Visakam

17Anurdh

Anuradha

Anuradha

Anizham

Anusham

18Jyeshtha

Jyestha

Jyestha

Ka(Trikka) ()

Kettaiy

19Mla

Moola

Moola

Mlam

Mlam

20Prva Ashdh

[Poorvashadha

Poorvashadha

Pram

Pradam

21Uttara Ashdh

Uttarashadha

Uttarashadha

Utram

Uthirdam{

22Shravana

^Shravana

Shravana

Tiruvnam()

Tiruvnam

/

23

Shravishth orDhanishta

^orDhanishta Dhanishta Aviam Avi

amy

24

Shatabhish orShatataraka

/

Shatabhisha

Shatabhisha

Chatayam

Sadayam

25

PrvaBhdrapad

[/[

Poorva

Bhadrapada

Poorva

Bhadrapada

Prati

Pradhiy

26

UttaraBhdrapad

/

UttaraBhadrapada

UttaraBhadrapada

Uttti

Uttdhi{y


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27Revati

Revati

Revati

Rvati

Rvathi

See also

AtmakarakaNavagrahaPanchangamGandantaChinese constellationTwenty-eight mansions

References

^ Mythology of the Hindus, by Charles Coleman p.1311.

^ trans. Ralph T.H. Griffith, Hymns of the Atharva Veda, 1895[]. Original text via GRETIL (http://fiindolo.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil.htm#Veda) from Gli inni dell Atharvaveda (Saunaka), trasliterazione a cura di ChatiaOrlandi, Pisa 1991, collated with the ed. R. Roth and W.D. Whitney:Atharva Veda Sanhita, Berlin 1856.

citri sk div rocanni sarsrpi bhvane javni | turma sumatm ichmno hni grbh saparyminkam

1.

suhvam agne kttik rhi cstu bhadr mrgira m rdr | pnarvas snt cru pyo bhnr leyana magh me

2.

pya prv phlgunyau ctra hsta citr iv svt sukh me astu | rdhe vikhe suhvnurdh jyhsunkatram ria mlam

3.

nna prv rsat me adh rja devy ttar vahantu | abhijn me rsat pyam ev rvaarvih kurvat supum

4.

me mahc chatbhiag vrya me dvay prhapad surma | revt cvayjau bhga ma meray bhraya vahantu5.

2.

^ Arthur Llewellyn Basham, Indian Astronomy Appendix: Astronomy.3.^ Its longitude starts from 06 40' to 10 53' 40 in sidereal Capricorn i.e. from the last quarter of Uttra Ashadhato first 1/15 th part of Shravana.[citation needed] Its span is 4 13' 40.[citation needed] The span of 27 mean dailylunar motions totals 355.76167 degrees, and together these total 359.98945 degrees. Considered an "intercalary"

lunar mansion.[citation needed]

4.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nakshatra&oldid=487495840"Categories: Hindu astrology Hindu astronomy Constellations Nakshatra Technical factors of astrology

Sanskrit words and phrases

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