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1. Design and simulate a PDH and SDHmw link. Parameter settings,objectives and performance analysis.

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Design and simulate a PDH and SDH mw link. Parametersettings, objectives and performance analysis.

Design a network in Topographical and Map View.

Load the rain zone file for the area of interestRain density must be entered during Geoclimatical factor calculation

The following parameters are essential for accurate simulationPARAMETER SETTINGS

Reliability methodUnless specified by the customer, always use ITU-R P.530-7/8Calculation methodUnless specified, always use ITU-T G.826 SESR, BBER, ESR, UnavailabilityRain zone values

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Design and simulate a PDH and SDH mw link. Parametersettings, objectives and performance analysis.

Design a network in Topographical and Map View.

SESR, BBER, ESR. Use ITU-R 1491 recommendation for PDH (= 31.2 sec/month)SESR, BBER, ESR. Use ITU-R 1397 recommendation for SDH (=10.4 sec/month)

General objective criteria

Unavailability due to rain (PDH and SDH) : ITU-R F.557 and F.695(=30 min/year = 0.0006 %/year)

Setting the objective criteria enables the planner to understand theperformance requirements of a link

Other objectiveFade margin (Range 35dB 45dB) OK, above 45dB is over

The above criteria must be taken underconsideration during the performance analysis

OBJECTIVES

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Unavailability and Availability Concept

Performance assessment of a system has to be stated when the system itselfis considered Available

The limit of 10 seconds introduces practically a division amongthe phenomena responsible of the degradations

Unavailability is entered at the first of 10 consecutive SES Availability begins at the first of 10 consecutive seconds not SES following

unavailability

O P E R A T I N G T I M E

Unavailable Time Available Time

10 sec.10 sec.

Availability detectedUnavailability detected

Unavailable period Available period

no ES

ES

SES

> 10 sec.

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Design and simulate a PDH and SDH mw link. Parametersettings, objectives and performance analysis.

Design a network in Topographical and Map View.Before entering any equipment data take into account the following issuesPERFORMANCE-ADDITIONAL SETTINGS

Connection type determination

Necessary, only if Vigants-Barnett reliability method is used

Geoclimatical factor calculation

Generate the link Path Profile Estimate the Geoclimatical factor (load appropriate rain density value)Roughness calculation

Select in the WorkSheet module the link connection type

PathLoss will not calculate without valid terrain data.When profile is not available the planner must enterterrain data manually

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Design and simulate a PDH and SDH mw link. Parametersettings, objectives and performance analysis.

Design a network in Topographical and Map View.PERFORMANCE-EQUIPMENT ENTRY & ANALYSIS

Antennas

Enter the radio data from PathLoss radio data base in BERses parameters

CirculatorEnter all branching losses according to the fileRadio equipment

Enter the antenna data from PathLoss antenna data base

Signature to radio equipment is a must

WaveguidesUse PathLoss waveguide data base or determine own look up tables

Frequency channelsLoad data manually or from look up tables. Important for FD calculationAnalysisSatisfy all hop criteria : SESR, BBER, ESR, Unavailability and Fade Margin

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Design a network in Topographical and Map View.pproach for SDHSimilar procedure is followed

Expectations Increased capacity requirement => Very strict objectives Difficulty to satisfy customer requirements as distance increases Limited amount of SDH channels => Difficult interference casesSolutions Offer larger antennas, FD and SD configurations to satisfy objectives Use ATPC and other attenuation techniques to minimize interference

Design and simulate a PDH and SDH mw link. Parametersettings, objectives and performance analysis.

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3. Reflections. Use PathLoss todetermine the space diversity spacingthat will eliminate multi-pathinterference.

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Reflections. Use PathLoss to determine the spacediversity spacing that will eliminate multi-pathinterference.Reflection presence In hops that travel above water media (sea, river, lakes, floods) In hops of very long distance were the terrain is rather flatWhen the reflection presence affects the receiver? When there is LOS of the reflected ray towards the receiver When the SD antenna separation > the main antenna diameter(In case you dont have pathloss, use 5m to 10m AntennaSeparation)Identifying a reflection case In worksheet module select reflections, define and accept the plane Choose least square calculation and draw ray for the reflected signal If the signal is not obstructed reflection analysis must be followed

At these stage the SD antenna separation isnot known

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Reflections. Use PathLoss to determine the spacediversity spacing that will eliminate multi-pathinterference.Calculate the SD antenna separation In reflections go to variable and select site 1 antenna height Examine the received signal strength in a reasonable height range

in respect to the fixed main antenna height in site 2 Follow the same procedure for site 2 antenna height calculation Measure the distance from low to high lobe. Distance = SD antenna separation Take odd multiples of that separation to obtain best SD positioning If distance = main antenna diameter then reflection is negligible

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Reflections. Use PathLoss to determine the spacediversity spacing that will eliminate multi-pathinterference.Achieving the best SD antenna separations In reflections go to variable and select Earth Radius Factor (K) Draw the main signal behavior for 0.7 < K < 2 Repeat the process but this time change to the SD heights If the lobs of the two graphs are out of phase => good SD separation If the lobs are in phase then need to alter the SD separation In many cases signal behavior is not symmetrical through the whole hop length Ensure out of phase behavior for most of the hop range, especially for K = 1.33

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Thank you very much