Mostly Baroque

Rome is an exceptional city for its Rome is an exceptional city for its art & monuments, dating from art & monuments, dating from

ancient to modern times.ancient to modern times.

Two fascinating aspects of Rome are its:

Baroque artBaroque art FountainsFountainsand its

Often the two are found together. There are many baroque fountains in Rome. We will look at some in the next lesson.

Here are some of the words we will be using to talk about Baroque Art

First, a look at Baroque ArtBaroque Art One of the aims of baroque art

and architecture was toinvolve the spectator involve the spectator

emotionallyemotionally.

Some words describing Baroque art:

•• TheatricalTheatrical•• SpectacularSpectacular•• RichRich•• DynamicDynamic•• ReligiousReligious

The word “baroque”:maybe from Portuguese or Spanish, meaning “Irregular Pearl”

The Period:1600- mid 1700s + influence on later art forms. It began in Italy.

Some Italian sculptors, painters, and architects of the Baroque period:

Gian Lorenzo Bernini Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi) Antonio Raggi Francesco Borromini Andrea PozzoAnnibale CarracciOrazio and Artemisia Gentileschi Pietro da Cortona Baciccio (Giovan Battista Gaulli) Nicola Salvi and Pietro Bracci

Characteristics of Baroque art and architecture, found in Rome:

Use of curves, ovals, spirals, and swirlsUse of curves, ovals, spirals, and swirls

Church of San Carlo--Francesco Borromini

Church of St. Yves at La Sapienza –Francesco BorrominiThe Abduction of Persephone–

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Combination of Architecture, Sculpture and Painting using perspective to Combination of Architecture, Sculpture and Painting using perspective to simulate depth and motion and to stimulate imagination and emotionsimulate depth and motion and to stimulate imagination and emotion

Dramatic contrast between Dramatic contrast between light light and shadow and shadow (here representing heaven and hell)

Characteristics of Baroque art and architecture found in Rome:Again, sense of depth and movement created by use of perspective Again, sense of depth and movement created by use of perspective

Church of St. Ignatius—Andrea Pozzo Church of S. Mary al Popolo—G. L. Bernini

Characteristics of Baroque art and architecture found in Rome:Again, use of light and shadow add drama and emotionAgain, use of light and shadow add drama and emotion

Ecstasy of St. Theresa - Bernini

Flagellation of Christ-- Caravaggio

Characteristics of Baroque art and architecture in Rome:Realism through Details Realism through Details ---- Nature, Clothing, Hair, Skin Nature, Clothing, Hair, Skin

Characteristics of Baroque art and architecture found in Rome:Art in movement: dynamismArt in movement: dynamism

Which picture do you think is from the Renaissance period and which is Baroque art?

Symmetry - Rationality –Horizontal/vertical geometry –Diffused light

Asymmetry – Emotion -Diagonal lines - Chiaroscuro

•Rational•Focus on human aspects•Use of perspective to create sense of reality

•Emotional•Focus on divine aspects•Use of perspective to create illusion

Which of these descriptions fit this picture?Which of these descriptions fit this picture?

Do you think this painting is from the Renaissance or the Baroque period?

Now look at this large fresco and decide which words fit itNow look at this large fresco and decide which words fit it

•Rational•Focus on human aspects•Use of perspective to create sense of reality

•Emotional•Focus on divine aspects•Use of perspective to create illusion

Is it Is it Renaissance Renaissance or Baroque?or Baroque?

OR

Vulcan, Venus and MarsVulcan, Venus and Marsby Tintoretto (1551-1552) :

•Realism created by use of perspective• Esthetic balance between space and objects• The human factor –architectural space; geometrical figures

Venus, Adonis and CupidVenus, Adonis and Cupidby Annibale Carracci (1595):

•Realism created by use of detail• Space completely filled and

overflowing with nature• The emotional factor– diagonal

asymmetry

↑ RENAISSANCE OR BAROQUE STYLE? →

VOCABULARY REVIEW:RENAISSANCE OR BAROQUE STYLE?

circle oval diagonal horizontal/vertical

divine human rational emotional

curves straight lines symmetry spirals

realism illusion intellect awe

diffused light chiaroscuro emphasis on drawing

emphasis on color

geometry detail logical theatrical

harmony tension calm exaggerated

space: full space: balanced simple rich

regular irregular realistic perspective spectacularperspective

dynamic static contrast coherence

lucidity ecstasy normal depth imaginary depth

simplicity luxury daylight shadow

imagination motion reasoning nature

Do you remember the names of the artists?

Next week we will take a tour of some of the most beautiful works and fountains of the baroque artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. But first, let’s look at one of the most famous fountains in the world, the baroque work by Nicola Salvi known as TreviTrevi Fountain.Fountain.

•Fountain planned to mark the terminal point of the Acqua Virgo Aqueduct

•22 kilometer ancient Roman aqueduct

•Bernini – in 1629 designed a plan that was never finished for the fountain

•The architect Nicola Salvi – began working on the fountain in 1732

•Pietro Bracci – finished the fountain after Salvi’s death, in 1862

The main theme of The main theme of TreviTrevi Fountain is “Taming the Waters”Fountain is “Taming the Waters”

Two tritons, each holding a hippocampus (winged sea horses with two front legs and fish tails) leap out of the rock on either side.

One horse is calm, led by an older Triton, while the other horse is wild, led by a younger Triton, representing the two states of the sea.

The central figure represents OceanusOceanus (this part was carved by Pietro Bracci), standing on a shell

The contrast between the fine details and the rock left in a natural state add greater force to the scene

And the struggling figures seem to burst out

of the rock

Various films have been shot at the Trevi Fountain. This is one of the most famous. Do you know the name of the film? The director? The actors?

Today people come from all over the world to throw coins into the fountain.

Works Artists

1. Trevi Fountain a. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

2. Painting: The Flagellation of Christ a. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

3. Architecture: The Church of Saint Carlo

a. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

4. Painting: Venus, Adonis and Cupid b. Nicola Salvi and Pietro Bracci

5. Statue: Apollo and Daphne c. Caravaggio

6. Statue: The Abduction of Persephone

d. Annibale Carracci

7. Ceiling: Triumph of Christ e. Francesco Borromini

8. Statue and Chapel: The Ecstasy of Saint Theresa

f. Baciccio / Antonio Raggi

Review: Can you match the artist to the work?

Attenzione: DISEGNA 2 CUCCIA PER CANI; NONNON 2 CANI !!! Anche un po’ di piante intorno!

Homework project:

Your aunt and uncle have just given you a dog for your birthday.

You want to make a dog-house for your new dog, but you don’t know whether it is a Renaissance Dog or a Baroque Dog.

Draw 22 different dogdog--houses houses and some some plantsplants, using a Renaissance style and a Baroque style.