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  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    PACIENCIA P. MILAN, PhD

    University ProfessorVisayas State University

    Presented during the Mindanao Rainforest Restoration Forum

    Rainforestation: A Paradigm Shift in

    Forest Restoration in the

    Philippines for Sustainability and

    Climate Change Mitigation

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

    OUTLINE

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    RAINFORESTATION FARMING

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

    Ridge-to-Reef Concept

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Farmers continue to cut down trees to give way for more agriculture lands and for economic reasons foremost.

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Forest loss in Leyte

    Source: Nueberger, 2005

    1900 2005

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Most reforestation efforts in the Philippines focus on the development of forestry and agro-forestry system using tree species which are introduced because they are selected for their fast growth and easy germination. The species composition of the original forest that once covered the land prior to logging are rarely taken into account .

    Milan and Margraf, 1996

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Rainforestationas an option for rural development and

    biodiversity conservation

    uses native/local trees of the area to be

    reforested (biodiversity)

    gives importance on improvement of

    structural habitat to support wildlife

    (habitat restoration)

    supports sustainable development

    through organic practices in agricultural

    and forestry production (agroforestry)

    provides ecological services(watershed)

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    1. To replace the more destructive forms

    of slash-and-burn or kaingin practices

    2. To form a buffer-zone around the primary forest

    3. To protect forest biodiversity

    4. To help maintain the water cycle and

    other ecological services of forest

    5. To provide farmers with higher income

    OBJECTIVES

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Marcos, BaybayBefore RF implementation

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Marcos, BaybayEstablished in 1995

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Operational Framework of

    Rainforestation

    Habitat restoration

    Biodiversity conservation

    Provision of ecological

    functions/services

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Sun demanding local forest tree species recommended for RF on degraded limestone hills (in decreasing order of productivity).

    Official Scientific NameLocal Name

    Kalumpit Terminalia microcarpa

    Anislag Securinega flexuosa

    Bagalunga Melia dubia

    Dao Dracontomelon dao

    Ipil Intsia bijuga

    Mntn. Agoho Casuarina nodiflora

    Kamagong Diospyros philippenensis

    Bahay Ormosia calavensis

    Molave Vitex parviflora

    Lingo-lingo Vitex turczaninowii

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Shade loving local forest tree species of Leyte Leyte recommended for RF on volcanic soils

    Palosapis Anisoptera thurifera Apitong Dipterocarpus grandiflorus HairyApitong Dipterocarpus philippinensis Hagakhak Dipterocarpus warburgii Manggachapui Hopea acuminata Dalingdingan Hopea foxworthyi Gisok-gisok Hopea philippinensis Yakal-kaliot Hopea malibato Bagtikan Parashorea malaanonan White Lauan Shorea contorta Almon Shorea almonGuijo Shorea guiso Yakal-malibato Shorea malibato Red lauan Shorea negrosensis Tangile Shorea polysperma Mayapis Shorea palosapisKamagong Diospyros philippensisTalakatak Castanopsis philippinensisUlaian Lithocarpus pruinosaDungon Heritiera sylvaticaKulatingan Pterospermum obliquumBalobo Diplodiscus paniculatus

    Official Scientific NameLocal Name

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    PLANTING SCHEME

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Reasons why the utilization of indigenous

    Philippine forest tree species received

    minimal support in reforestation programs

    native species especially dipterocarps grow slow;

    dipterocarps fruit only about every 3-5 yearsdepending on species and locality;

    not enough seedling materials can be produced ina short time because nursery management ofnative species are not fully studied;

    dipterocarp seedlings (but not all) and other nativespecies require shade and cannot be used toreforest open areas, e.g. grasslands; and

    local lumber species have higher wood quality butnot propagated, hence, the mother trees becomevery rare and seed material is even less available.

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Effects of Rainforestation on Site Quality

    1. Improvement of soil chemical properties;

    2. Improvement of soil structure and water holding capacity;

    3. Improvement of soil organic matter and soil color;

    4. Improvement of nutrient status;

    5. Improvement of biological activity; and

    6. Improvement of microclimate

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    1. Improvement of soil chemical properties;

    Site 1994 1998 2002

    Rainforestation site (LSU) acidic soil

    Soil pH 4.2 4.8 5.2

    Rainforestation site (Punta) calcareous soil

    Soil pH 8.2 7.4 7.2

    Secondary forest (LSU) = soil pH 4.5 4.7

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    2. Improvement of soil structure and water holding capacity;

    - increased soil structure formation due to microbial and animal activity

    - increased water holding capacity due to improved porosity

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Distribution of decomposer soil fungi on the secondary forest floor in VSU. Diplopod faecal pellet at the left upper corner 3 mm (1), litter fragment (2), stalk (3). The fungi penetrated the pellets from inside; The white mycelium grows on the pellet surface.

    1

    2

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Soil structure improved by biological aggregates on the forest floor at the demonstration farm at ViSCA. Cluster of arthropod faecal pellets (1, single pellet 1mm), earthworm casts (2), and fungal mycelium (3).

    1

    2

    3

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    3. Improvement of soil organic matter and soil color;

    - darkening of color of surface soil

    a) Rainforestation (VSU)yellowish brown dark brown

    b) Rainforestation (Punta)very pale brown dark brown to

    black

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Rainforestation site (Punta)

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Rainforestation site (VSU)

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Secondary forest site (VSU)

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    4. Improvement of nutrient status;

    Nutrient 1994 2002

    OM (%) 2.06 3.25

    Total N (%) 0.22 0.33

    Avail. P (ppm) 0.40 1.05

    Exch. Ca (me/100g) 4.60 9.47

    Exch. Mg (me/100g) 2.80 8.32

    Rainforestation site (VSU)

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    5. Improvement of biological activity; and

    6. Improvement of microclimate

    Measured in

    depth of (cm)

    Demonstration farm,

    ViSCA

    Secondary forest,

    ViSCA

    Rainforestation farm,

    Punta

    pH (CaCL2) 0-4 5.53 4.66 7.35

    4-8 4.72 4.52 7.60

    H2O (%) 0-2 37.97 43.70 19.88

    Soil-temp. (C) 0-2 26.70 25.40 26.00

    Air-temp. (C) 2 27.00 26.50 29.50

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    A farming system that closely resembles the

    structure of a natural Philippine rainforest

    ecosystems or home gardens that promotes the

    use of native or local trees commonly growing in

    the area.

    It is based on a preliminary working hypothesis

    that the closer a farming system in the humid

    tropic is to its natural ecosystem, the more

    sustainable it is.

    It evolves from various efforts to sustain human

    food production and simultaneously preserve the

    biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems and their vital

    functions to mankind

    It considers farming systems to support livelihood

    to increase farmer income

    What is Rainforestation Farming?

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Lanzones

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

    Table 1. Economic and environmental benefits of

    selected RF sites

    * calculated in the frame of the Clean Development Mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol** price for permanent CER is assumed $10 (based from PointCarbon 2004) an is calculated

    using a discounted rate of 8.2% within a period of 10 years of RF implementation

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Global Warming

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Consequences of Climate Change

    Sea level rise Ocean acidification Rise in temperature Loss of biodiversity High health risk Poor productivity Habitat loss

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Strategies to Mitigate and Adapt Climate Change

    WATERWater conservationRainwater harvesting and storage

    Forest is a rainwater harvesting ecosystem

    Better management of water supply systemsAGRICULTUREConserve soilForecasts and early warningMore resistant crop varietiesIrrigation solutionsDevelop simple measures for handling rapid harvesting and postharvesting

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    During Rainy Season WHEN WATER IS TOO

    MUCH!

    Excessive

    Runoff

    Silted Rivers /reduced

    capacity of irrig. sys.

    Increasing Flood Peaks

    Severe Erosion

    Landslides ?

    High Intensity Rainfall

    Flooding ofAgricultural

    Areas

    During Dry Season WHEN WATER IS TOO

    LITTLE!

    Reduced Stream flow

    Declining GW Level

    Insufficient Water for Irrigation

    Reduction in Yield

    Total Crop Loss

    High Temp & evaporation;

    Dry soils

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Improve fish cage management

    HEALTHImprove access to health careDisease monitoring and emergency responses

    ECOSYSTEMSRainforestation Rehabilitate habitatsCreate protected areas and migration corridorsConserve ecosystems

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Integrate coastal resource managementIntegrate adaptation to planningConstruct sea wallsRaise housing

    INCREASED FLOODINGElevate major thorougfareFlood-proof buildingProvide flood hazard mapping and flood warningsEmpower community and institutions

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation Challenges and

    Perspective

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    VSU demo farm = 5.44 has

    20 RF adopters = 29.50 has

    Private adopters = 7.00 has

    TransCo = 10.00 has

    CBFM (Cienda) = 15.00 has

    NSTP = 2.70 has

    TOTAL = 69.60 has

    Baybay, Albuera ,Ormoc &

    San Miguel, Leyte

    Diocese of Maasin = 5.00 has

    6 POs in St. Bernard = 9.00 has

    GTZ supported = 340.00 has

    NatureLife Intl. = 5.00 has

    TOTAL = 359.00 has

    Maasin, Macrohon, St. Bernard &

    Silago, So. Leyte

    Private adopters = 9.00 has

    NIT-Biliran = 11.00 ha

    TOTAL = 20.00 has

    Biliran, Biliran

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    After 16 years of Rainforestation

    advocacy and implementation, a

    total of 183.34 hectares demo

    farms were established

    Issuance of DENR MC 2004-06

    Rainforestation is used as a

    strategy in establishing

    biodiversity corridors in existing

    national parks and certificates of

    ancestral domain claim or title

    Rainforestation is used as a

    strategy for the implementation

    of ROAD 2020

    Rainforestation evolved in

    different typologies

    Major Accomplishments

    Geographical distribution of Rainforestation Farms in the Philippines

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Improve our program on:

    -education of local communities

    -promotion of sustainable use of resources, responsible entrepreneurship and ecotourism

    -compensation of displaced people through training in better agriculture production

    -establishing research facilities for training, local scientists, guides and forest collaborators

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE

  • Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration

    PPMilan

    Rainforestation: A

    Paradigm Shift in Forest

    Restoration in the

    Philippines for

    Sustainability and Climate

    Change Mitigation

    Thank you!

    INTRODUCTION

    Status of Philippine Forests

    RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT

    Planting Scheme

    Native Tree Species used in RF

    Rainforestation Farming

    RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE

    CHANGE MITIGATION

    RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES

    CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE