Meljun-Computer Basics & Concepts Lecture PPT

8/14/2019 Meljun-Computer Basics & Concepts Lecture PPT

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HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF BUTUANBUTUAN CITY

MELJUN CORTES


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ThePartsof a

Computer


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What makes a computer powerful?

SpeedA computer can do billions of

actions per second.

ReliabilityFailures are usually due to human

error, one way or another. (Blush forus all!)

Storage

A computer can keep huge amounts

of data.


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A typical computer

system screen, or monitor, on which there are windows keyboardmouse/trackpad

variations desktop laptop PDA

the devices dictate the styles of interaction that the systemsupports

If we use different devices, then the interface will support adifferent style of interaction

window 1

window 2

12-37pm

?


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The Computera computer system is made up of various elements

each of these elements affects the interaction

input devicestext entry and pointingoutput devicesscreen (small&large), digital paper

paper as output (printer) and input (scanner)

memoryRAM & permanent media, capacity & access

processingspeed of processing, networks


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Interacting with

computers to understand humancomputerinteraction

need to understand computers!

what goes in and outdevices, paper,sensors, etc.

what can it do?memory, processing,

networks


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Personal orersonal ormicroicroComputersomputers for personal use come in all shapes and sizes, from tinyPDAs (personal digital assistant) to hefty PC (personal computer) towers. More

specialized models are announced each week - trip planners, expense account

pads, language translators

Hand-held (HPC)PDA Tablet PC Laptop/Notebook

Desktop TowerWorkstation
http://www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lessonintro.htm


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Parts of a ComputerThe parts of a Computer are:Monitor,Keyboard,

Mouse,Scanner,Printer,Microphone,

Speakers,CPU,Joystick.


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Inputs and OutputsMouse, Keyboard, Joystick and

Microphone are Inputs.

Printer, Scanner, Monitor and Speakerare Outputs.


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What is a computer?A computer is an electronic device that executes the instructions in a program.

A computer has four functions:

a. accepts data Input

b. processes data Processing

c. produces output Output

d. stores results StorageThe Information Processing Cycle
http://www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lesson1-2/lesson1-1.htmhttp://www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lesson1-2/lesson1-1.htm


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The TOWER

containsall of the parts

of a computer

ases Casing (Mid-tower Computer Case)Mid-tower Computer Case)


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The

MOTHERBOARD isthe backbone of a

computer all

other parts pluginto it


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INPUT DEVICEOUTPUT DEVICESTORAGE DEVICEMEMORY DEVICECPUSYSTEM SOFTWAREAPPLICATION SOFTWARE


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The CPU(C

entralP

rocessingUnit) is the brain of acomputer it tells theother parts what to do


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Optical DriveOptical Drive:a.) CD-ROM Drive

b.) DVD Drive

FDDFDD- Floppy Disk DriveHDDHDD- Hard Disk Drive


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An INPUTDEVICE

lets you TALK TO thecomputer


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An OUTPUT

DEVICElets the computerTALK TO you


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Dont be afraid!

Computer waits for you!

Microsoft Windows XP Operating system allows us to use the

computerYSTEM SOFTWARESTEM SOFTWARE


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Desktop Settings

Change your:Desktop

Screen Saver

Power Settings

WindowAppearance

Screen Resolution

Wh t ill k t th


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What will we work on togethertoday?Computer Hardware and Software

What is the desktop?Parts of the Window


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Computer HardwareExternal:

Monitor

Printer

Internal:

Memory [RAM temp]

Microprocessor chip


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Internal Hard drive [C drive]

Floppy disk drive [A drive]

CD drive [D drive]

Flash or Jump drive [E, F drive]Removable disk or Brand Name

Secondary Storage Drives are followingSecondary Storage Drives are following:


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LCD MONITOR

CRT MONITOR


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Cathode ray tubeStream of electrons emitted from electron gun, focused anddirected by magnetic fields, hit phosphor-coated screenwhich glows

used in TVs and computer monitors

electron gun

focussing and

deflection

electron beam

phosphor-

coated screen


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Liquid crystal displays Smaller, lighter, and no radiation problems. Found on PDAs, portables and notebooks,

and increasingly on desktop and even for home TV

also used in dedicted displays:digital watches, mobile phones, HiFi controls

How it works Top plate transparent and polarised, bottom plate reflecting.

Light passes through top plate and crystal, and reflects back to eye. Voltage applied to crystal changes polarisation and hence colour N.B. light reflected not emitted => less eye strain


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short term and long term

speed, capacity, compression

formats, access


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Short-term Memory -

RAMRandom access memory (RAM)on silicon chips100 nano-second access time

usually volatile (lose information if power turned off)data transferred at around 100 Mbytes/sec

Some non-volatile RAM used to store basic set-upinformation

Typical desktop computers:64 to 256 Mbytes RAM

The ROM(ReadOnly Memory)

is the permanentmemory

of a computer


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Long-term Memory -

disksmagnetic disks floppy disks store around 1.4 Mbyteshard disks typically 40 Gbytes to 100s of Gbytes

access time ~10ms, transfer rate 100kbytes/s

optical disksuse lasers to read and sometimes writemore robust that magnetic media

CD-ROM- same technology as home audio, ~ 600 Gbytes

DVD - for AV applications, or very large files


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Blurring boundariesPDAs

often use RAM for their main memory

Flash-Memory

used in PDAs, cameras etc.

silicon based but persistent

plug-in USB devices for data transfer


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speed and capacitywhat do the numbers mean?

some sizes (all uncompressed) this book, text only ~ 320,000 words, 2Mbthe Bible ~ 4.5 Mbytes

scanned page ~ 128 Mbytes (11x8 inches, 1200 dpi, 8bit greyscale)

digital photo ~ 10 Mbytes (24 mega pixels, 24 bit colour)

video ~ 10 Mbytesper second (512x512, 12 bit colour, 25 frames per sec)


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The MOTHERBOARD is theof a computer

A) BrainsB) Backbone

C) Foot


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ROM is the memory of acomputer

A)Permanen

tB) SmartC)


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The CPU is the of acomputer

A) BrainsB) Backbone

C) Foot


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RAM is the memory of acomputer

A)Permanen

tB) SmartC)


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An example of an INPUTDEVICE is:

A) PrinterB) Monitor

C) Mouse


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An example of an OUTPUTDEVICE is:

A) KeyboardB) Monitor

C) Mouse

Meljun-Computer Basics & Concepts Lecture PPT

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