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XML Concepts and Basics

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What is XML?

"XML is the ideal basisfor a multimedia publishing

concept, which is informationon demand."

"XML is a vehicle not only forbusiness-to-business transaction

and content management, but for theencoding of transactional data passed

from business function tobusiness function."

"XML can describe the contentstructures of all kinds of documents

and data in the most appropriateway for each application."

"An EAI-enablingtechnology that

simplifies applicationintegration withinan organization."

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What is XML ?

"The features of XML makeit possible to select certain

contents out of a document andpresent them in various media."

(Huethig Publishing Group, Germany)

"In a few years' time,no company in the automotivesector will be able to manage

without XML."(Lear Corporation, Fiat Division, Italy)

"With XML it is easyfor clients to re-present theinformation in the way that

bests suits their needs."(Sportsdata Pty Ltd, Australia)

"We realized thatXML would be the best way to

store tax returns, tax schedules, and tax related messages."

(California Board of Equalization, USA)

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What is XML ?

The "ExtensibleMarkup Language"

A standard developed by theWorld Wide Web Consortium

for structured text

A Meta Markup Language

XML makes documentsavailable for automatedprocessing. The basis is

the separation of content,structure, and presentation.

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HTML

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XML

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Compare HTML to XML

Markup for the presentation in the browser of text, images, links, ...

Markup with information on the content Example: technical book

Define tags yourselfExtensible only by

the W3C

TECHNICAL BOOKHTML Markup Language

XML SGML Meta Markup Language

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Formatting language for Web browsers Easy to understand and to use Widely used No semantics Content cannot be recognized and processed

by programs Expensive maintenance of pages No common standard Difficult to extend

(for market-related and technical reasons)

HTML

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Meta language Markup languages (tags) can be defined Like HTML, XML is integrated in the Internet technology XML separates data and instructions for presentation. XML is a self-describing data format. XML is document- and data-oriented

XML

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Information Technology Until Recently

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MobileEmployees

Customers

BusinessPartners

Applications

Documents

Data

Information Technology Today

SalesAutomation

SalesAutomation

Browser andMobile Devices

Browser andMobile Devices

PortalsPortals

E-BusinessE-Business

CRMCRM

KnowledgeManagement

KnowledgeManagement

Supply ChainManagement

Supply ChainManagement

Transaction Processing

Transaction Processing

ERPERP

CatalogsCatalogs

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XML and ...

DocumentManagement

DocumentManagement

ContentManagement

ContentManagement

PublishingPublishingWeb ServicesWeb Services

Data ExchangeData ExchangeApplicationIntegration

ApplicationIntegration

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XML and Document Management

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SGML

Standard Generalized Markup Language(Charles F. Goldfarb, Ed Mosher, Ray Lorie)

Metalanguage to define different document types ISO standard 1986 (ISO 8879) The idea

Document processing by computer Separation of structure, content and presentation System- und vendor-independent

Drawbacks Complex; many options for special applications Syntax not legible by humans Complex and expensive tools

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Documents Content

Document vs. Content Management

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ContentContent

Content Management

ExtractAssembleFormatPublish

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Content Management Systems

AuthoringAuthoring Editorial Workflow

Editorial Workflow

Media-neutralData Storage

Media-neutralData StorageCross Media

Publishing

Cross MediaPublishing

ContentAdministration

ContentAdministrationWebsite

Management

WebsiteManagement

ContentManagement

System

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XML and Content Management

AuthoringAuthoring EditorialWorkflow

EditorialWorkflow

Media-neutralData Storage

Media-neutralData StorageCross Media

Publishing

Cross MediaPublishing

ContentAdministration

ContentAdministrationWebsite

Management

WebsiteManagement

ContentManagement

System

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<?xml version="1.0"?><weather-report> <date>August 15, 2000</date> <time>08:00 </time> <area> <city>Darmstadt</city> <region>Hessen</region> <country>Germany</country> </area> <measurements> <skies>fine</skies> <temperature scale="C">25</temperature> <wind> <direction>SW</direction> <windspeed>6</windspeed> </wind> </measurements></weather-report>

Weather Data

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Publishing Using Style Sheets

Graphics

Printer

Reports

Frankfurt: Wind 4 WNW / Rain / 22°CNews Ticker

Braille

<?xml?><weather-report> <date>August 15, 2000</date> <time>08:00 </time> <area> <city>Darmstadt</city> <region>Hessen</region> <country>Germany</country> </area> <measurements> <skies>fine</skies> <temperature scale=“C”>25</temperature> <wind> <direction>SW</direction> <windspeed>6</windspeed> </wind> </measurements></weather-report>

Weather Data

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XML and Publishing

XHTMLXHTML XFormsXForms

WMLWMLSMILSMIL

SVGSVGVoiceXMLVoiceXML

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Scalable Vector Graphics

<?xml version="1.0"?><svg width="50" height="40"><defs><clipPath id="clip1"><rect x="0" y="0" width="50" height="40"/></clipPath></defs><g style="stroke:none; clip-path:url(#clip1)"><rect x="0" y="0" width="50" height="40" style="fill:#0000A0"/><path style="stroke:#ffffff;stroke-width:8"d="M 0,0 L 50,40 M 0,40 L 50,0"/><path style="stroke:#ff0000;stroke-width:5"d="M 0,0 L 50,40 M 0,40 L 50,0"/><path style="stroke:#ffffff;stroke-width:8"d="M 25,0 V 40 M 0,20 H 50"/><path style="stroke:#ff0000;stroke-width:5"d="M 25,0 V 40 M 0,20 H 50"/></g></svg>

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Order Processing and Service

Taxes / RegulationsDelivery

Orders

Payments / Credits

Banks

CustomersSuppliers

EnterprisesServiceProvider

Public AuthoritiesTransportation/Logistics

Data Exchange

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XML and Data Exchange

XML / EDIXML / EDI ebXMLebXML

HL/7HL/7NewsMLNewsML

FpMLFpMLXBRLXBRL

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Application Integration

MaterialsManagement

MaterialsManagement

AccountingAccounting

OrderProcessing

OrderProcessing

DesignDesign

PersonnelAdministration

PersonnelAdministration

ManufacturingManufacturing

Call CenterCall Center

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XML and Application Integration

Call CenterCall Center

OrderProcessing

OrderProcessing

MaterialsManagement

MaterialsManagement

AccountingAccounting

DesignDesign

PersonnelAdministration

PersonnelAdministration

ManufacturingManufacturing

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SOAP

SOAPSOAP

COM

LogisticsProvider

CORBA

Bank

RPC

Supplier

Web Services

Web ServiceOrder Acceptance Shop

Application

Dealer

Web ServiceShipping Order Web Service

Credit Card Check

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XML and Web Services

Barnes & Noble Book Prices(http://services.xmethods.net:80/soap/servlet/rpcrouter)

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <getPrice> <isbn type="string">1861005067</isbn> </getPrice> </SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <getPrice> <isbn type="string">1861005067</isbn> </getPrice> </SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Request

<?xml version='1.0'?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <getPriceResponse> <return type="float">25.95</return> </getPriceResponse > </SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

<?xml version='1.0'?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope ...> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <getPriceResponse> <return type="float">25.95</return> </getPriceResponse > </SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Response

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Working with XML

Structure Description

Content

<?xml version="1.0"?><weather-report> <date>August 15, 2000</date> <time>08:00 </time> <area> <city>Darmstadt</city> <region>Hessen</region> <country>Germany</country> </area> <measurements> <skies>fine</skies> <temperature scale=“C”>25</temperature> <wind> <direction>SW</direction> <windspeed>6</windspeed> </wind> </measurements></weather-report>

Presentation

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Processing with XML

Processing Presentation

<?xml?><yacht yachtid='147'><name>Mona Lisa</name><image file='yacht147.jpg'/><description> Any text describing this yacht 147</description><details> <type>GULFSTAR 55</type> ength>1700</length> <width>480</width> <draft>170</draft> <sailsurface>112</sailsurface> <motor>84</motor> <headroom>202</headroom> <bunks>8</bunks></details></yacht>

Parser

DTD /Schema

Application

Style Sheet

Stylesheet Processor

01 Person05 Name10 FName10 SName

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Scenarios

ParserSending

ProcessingParser

Application

XML Editor

Adding

Editing

ParserApplication

Processing

Storing

DisplayStyle Sheet

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XML Summarized

HTML WML SVG pdf VoiceML ...

Presentation

Application Integration

Data Exchange

Web Services

Publishing

Content Management

An

we

nd

un

gs

geb

iete

ApplicationsHumans

Network Transfer

Pro

ces

sin

g T

ype

s

Storage and Retrieval

HomogeneousTechnology

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Summary

XML, the Extensible Markup Language, has attracted vast attention within a short time. XML is based on established standards.

Areas of application are primarily Document Management, Content Management, Publishing, Data Echange, Application Integration and Web Services. XML therefore concerns applications in all areas of commerce, technology, and science.