MAKING CONNECTIONS LAB SACCONE POWERPOINT Pulse rate per minute (range of averages 90 Number of...
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Transcript of MAKING CONNECTIONS LAB SACCONE POWERPOINT Pulse rate per minute (range of averages 90 Number of...
MAKING MAKING CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS
LABLAB
SACCONE POWERPOINT
Pulse rate Pulse rate per minute per minute (range of (range of averagesaverages
<51<51 51-6051-60 61-7061-70 71-8071-80 81-9081-90 >90>90
Number Number of of students students in this in this rangerange
Per 1Per 1
00 22 1212 1111 11 00
SACCONE POWERPOINT
Pulse rate Pulse rate per minute per minute (range of (range of averagesaverages
<51<51 51-6051-60 61-7061-70 71-8071-80 81-9081-90 >90>90
Number Number of of students students in this in this rangerange
Per 4Per 4
00 44 66 33 44 00
SACCONE POWERPOINT
SACCONE POWERPOINT
TransportTransport
Involves the absorption and circulation of materials throughout an organism
Human Circulatory Human Circulatory SystemSystem
Closed circulatory system- blood is always in blood vessels.
Heart which pumps blood. Network of blood vessels which
carry blood to and from all cells of the body.
Human Circulatory SystemHuman Circulatory System
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Human HeartHuman Heart
(II) (II) HeartHeartComposed of cardiac muscleIt is a 4-chambered pump composed of 2
atria and 2 ventriclesThe ventricles have thicker walls than the
atriaThe heart pumps blood through the arteries
creating a PULSE & blood pressure
SeptumSeptumSeparates the heart into a left side
and a right sideLeft side contains oxygenated bloodRight side contains deoxygenated
blood
(I) (I) Three Kinds of Three Kinds of Blood VesselsBlood Vessels
1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries
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Human RespirationHuman RespirationInvolves the process of cellular respiration
and gas exchange
a) cellular respiration:
glucose + O2 H2O + CO2 + 36 ATP’s
b) gas exchange:
exchange of gases between the internal and external environment with the use of
lungs
SACCONE POWERPOINT
(I) (I) Human Respiratory SystemHuman Respiratory System
Composed of a network of passageways which permits air to flow from the external
environment and into the lungs
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(II) (II) Breathing ProcessBreathing ProcessLungs are highly elastic (stretchable)Breathing is controlled by the medullaMovement of the diaphragm and ribcage causes
pressure change in the chest cavity which moves air into and out of the lungs
The breathing rate is controlled by the concentration of CO2 in the blood
Inhalation- breathe inExhalation- breathe out
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(II) (II) Breathing ProcessBreathing Process
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(IV) (IV) Gas ExchangeGas Exchange1. In the blood, hemoglobin binds with
oxygen from the alveoli to form oxyhemoglobin (HbO2)
2. Carbon dioxide is carried primarily in the plasma of the blood in the form of bicarbonate ions (HCO3
-)
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(IV) (IV) Gas ExchangeGas Exchange
SACCONE POWERPOINT
System InteractionSystem Interaction As pulse rate increases the activities of many systems
also increases; including respiratory, endocrine, and excretory.
The digestive and urinary systems slow down as a result of increased physical activity associated with an increase in pulse.
An “oxygen debt” is when the muscles require more oxygen than the respiratory and circulatory systems can supply. Muscle cell in turn, operate using anaerobic respiration which produces lactic acid and the burning associated with strenuous activity.
SACCONE POWERPOINT
1. 1. Cellular RespirationCellular RespirationInvolves a series of enzyme-
controlled reactions in which energy in food is broken down into energy that the organism can use (ATP)
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a) When ATP is broken down, a) When ATP is broken down, energy is released and ADP is energy is released and ADP is
formedformed ADP = adenosine diphosphate H2O + ATP ADP + P + energy
This is the energy used by the body to carry out the functions of life.
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Types of Types of RespirationRespiration
1. Aerobic Respiration -involves the use of oxygen2. Anaerobic Respiration -oxygen is not used
http://www.jccc.net/~pdecell/cellresp/respoverview.html
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Anaerobic RespirationAnaerobic Respiration
Also known as Fermentation.Does not require oxygen.Takes place in the cytoplasm of cell.Glucose is either broken down into
lactic acid or alcohol and CO2.
As a result of anaerobic respiration, there is a net gain of 2 ATP’s.
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Anaerobic Respiration & Anaerobic Respiration &
Muscle FatigueMuscle Fatigue
glucose 2 lactic acids + 2 ATP’s
In each equation, enzymes are used and a net gain of 2 ATP’s are produced.
SACCONE POWERPOINT
Anaerobic Respiration & Muscle FatigueAnaerobic Respiration & Muscle FatigueTrial # of squeezes in 30
seconds
1 32
2 29
3 28
4 27
5 26
6 25
7 23
8 21
9 19
10 17
SACCONE POWERPOINT
Muscle Cells & HomeostasisMuscle Cells & Homeostasis
An increase in pulse rate helps muscle cells maintain homeostasis by delivering more oxygen, water, and glucose to meet the demands of the muscle cells and their activity by means of the blood.
More oxygen is obtained by an increase in the activity of the Respiratory system.
More water is delivered by a decrease in the production of urine.
More glucose is made available by an increase in the activity of theEndocrine system (glycogen glucose by means of glucagon)
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Aerobic RespirationAerobic RespirationRequires oxygenTakes place in the mitochondriaWhen we say that glucose is
oxidized, we say that it is broken down with the help of oxygen molecules
http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~dcp/bio113a/ch910comp.html
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Equation forEquation for Aerobic Respiration Aerobic Respiration
glucose + Oglucose + O22 H H22O + COO + CO22 + 36 ATPs + 36 ATPs
Again, enzymes are used and a Again, enzymes are used and a net of 36 net of 36 ATPsATPs are produced. are produced.
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Scientific MethodScientific Method
1. Problem
2. Research
3.Hypothesis
4. Experiment
5. Interpret data
6. Conclusion
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ExperimentExperiment1.1. Control GroupControl Group
(normal (normal condition)condition)
2.Variable Group 2.Variable Group (changed based (changed based
upon what upon what you’re testing)you’re testing)
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TypicalTypical ExperimentExperimentDoes light affect the growth
of a plant?control = plant with normal
light 12/12variable = plant with 24
hours of lightvariable = plant with no light