Listening Skill 9 - Almost Negative Expressions

7/27/2019 Listening Skill 9 - Almost Negative Expressions

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LISTENING

COMPREHENSION

SKILL 9: LISTEN FOR "ALMOST

NEGATIVE" EXPRESSIONS


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TYPES OF NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS

Expression Example Correct Answer

Regular negative:

not or nt

Tom is not sad

about the results

Not sad = happy

Other negatives:

nobody, none,

nothing, never

Nobody arrived on

time.

Sal never works

hard.

Nobody...on time =

late

Never works hard =

lazyNegative prefixes:

un-, in-, dis-

The patient was

insane.

Insane = not sane

= crazy

Fix yourown damnsandwich!

Imma flunkyall!

youll see


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EXAMPLE On the recording, you hear:

(man) How did they get to their grandmothers house inMaine in only five hours?

(woman) They didnt drive slowly on the trip to Maine

(narrator) What does the woman say about the trip?

In your test book, you read:

(a) theres no possibility that the concert will take place.

(b) the concert will definitely not take place

(c) the concert might take place

(d) the concert cant take place

The correct answer to this question is answer (C). If it isnt impossiblefor the concert to take place, then it is possible, and the modalmight indicates possibility.


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ALMOST NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS

Meaning Expressions Example

Almost

none

Hardly,

barely,scarcely, only

There is hardly

any food in therefrigerator

Almost

never

Rarely,

seldom

He rarely drives

to work


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In your test book, you read:(a) He had plenty of money for the bill

(b) He did not have enough money for the bill.

(c) He paid the bill but has no money left.

(d) he was unable to pay the bill

On the recording you will hear:(woman) Were you able to pay the electric bill?

(man) I had barely enough money.

(narrator) What does the man imply?

EXAMPLE

In the mans statement, the word enough indicates that there

was sufficient, so he did pay the bill. However, it was barely

enough, so he almost did not have enough and certainly has no

money left. The correct answer is therefore answer c.


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(man) I hear tha Monas been offered themanagers job.

(woman) But she has hardly any workexperience!

(narrator) What does the woman mean?

a) Mona hasnt worked hard.

b) Monas experience has been hard.

c) Monas job as manager is hard.

d) Mona hasnt worked for very long.


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(woman) How much time did Sam spendon his paper for economics class?

(man) Sam has seldom taken so muchtime on a research paper.

(narrator) What does the man mean?

a) Sam usually spends this much time on hisschoolwork.

b) Sam has rarely worked so hard.

c)Sam took too much time on this paper.

d) Sam shouldve worked harder on this paper.


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(woman) Does Steve usually park his carhere?

(man) Only once has he parked his carin that lot.

(narrator) What does the man mean?

a) He parks his car there once in a while.

b) Hes parked his car there a lot.

c) He only leaves his car there for short periods oftime.

d) He left his car there on just one occasion.


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In English, the subject and verb can also be inverted. But thereshould be in a certain condition to invert this subject and verb.The condition is after certain negatives and relatedexpressions. The subject and verb are inverted when negative

expressions (no, not, or never)come at the beginning of asentence

1. Not oncedid Freddy make a problem.

2. Neverhas Mrs. Allen made a problem.

3. At no timecan the kid talk on the phone.

INVERSION AFTER 'NEGATIVE

ADVERBS'


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There are some wordsthatact like negatives in English likehardly, barely, scarcely, andonly. (ALMOST NEGATIVE)

If one of these words comes at the beginning of a sentence, thesubject and verb are also inverted.

Hardlyever does my girlfriend take time off.

(This means that my girlfriend almost nevertakes time off.)

Only oncedid Jones issue overtime paychecks.

(This means that Jones almost neverissued overtime paychecks.)


ADVERBS'


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The subject and verb are also can be inverted when a negativeexpression appears in front of a subject and verb in the middleof a sentence. Sometimes, this happens with the negativewords neitherand nor. Look at the example below:

Sally does not want to go, and neitherdoes Jack.

My wife is not joining the party, noris my step sister.


ADVERBS'


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EXAMPLES

Bob rarely speaks to himself.

Here are some examples with other phrases used in the same way.

Seldom does Bob get invited to parties. (seldom = rarely)

Neverhave we seen such a breathtaking view.

At no time did the prisoner look as if he might confess.Not only is she a great dancer but she is also an amazing mathematician.

Not until she took up rock climbing did she overcome her fear of heights.

Underno circumstances* will prisoners be allowed to give interviews to the media.

Little** did she realize that her grandmother was really a wolf.


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EXAMPLES

Rarely Bob speak to himself.

Auxiliary verb

Rarely does Bob speak to himself.

Here are some examples with other phrases used in the same way.

Seldom does Bob get invited to parties. (seldom = rarely)

Neverhave we seen such a breathtaking view.

At no time did the prisoner look as if he might confess.Not only is she a great dancer but she is also an amazing mathematician.

Not until she took up rock climbing did she overcome her fear of heights.

Underno circumstances* will prisoners be allowed to give interviews to the media.

Little** did she realize that her grandmother was really a wolf.


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EXERCISE 1DIRECTIONS: REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING ITS INVERSION FORM.

Reptiles seldom hunt at temperatures of 12C or below.

People can rarely learn during their sleep by listening to tape recordings.

The continental crust is nowhere older than 200 million years.

A turtle no sooner lays its eggs in the sand on the beach than it goes back to the sea.

Computers in medicine not only relieve distress but they also prevent and cure illness.

Human behavior is not only studied in the field of psychology but animal behavior is

examined as well.


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EXERCISE 2DIRECTIONS: FROM THE FOUR UNDERLINED WORDS ORPHRASES, IDENTIFY THE ONE THAT IS NOT CORRECT.


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EXERCISE 3WORK IN PAIRS. WRITE YOUR OWNSENTENCES USING ALMOST NEGATIVES AND

THEIR INVERTION.1.

2.

3. 4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Expressions

Hardly,

barely,

scarcely, only

Rarely,

seldom


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TOEFL EXERCISE 9


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SUMMARY!


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gOOd Luck

Listening Skill 9 - Almost Negative Expressions

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