List of companion plants 1

List of companion plantsThis is a list of companion plant relationships. Many more are in the list of beneficial weeds.The purpose of this list is to provide plants that assist in the growth of others, be it attracting beneficial insects,naturally regulating pests, repelling harmful insects, providing nutrients, part of a biological pest control program,and in some cases simply a shaded microclimate or climbing support.

Vegetables

Vegetables Common

name Scientific

name Helps Helped by Attracts Repels

/ Distracts Avoid Comments

Alliums Allium fruit trees,nightshades(tomatoes,peppers,potatoes),brassicas(cabbage,broccoli,kohlrabi, etc)carrots

carrots slugs,aphids,carrot fly,cabbageworms[1]

beans, peas,parsley

Alliums include onions, garlic,leeks, shallots, chives, and others

Asparagus Asparagusofficinalis

Tomatoes Aster Familyflowers, Dill,Coriander,Tomatoes,Parsley, Basil,Comfrey,Marigolds

Onion, Garlic,Potatoes

Marigolds will deter beetles.

Brassicas Brassica geraniums, dill,alliums (onions,shallots, garlic,etc), rosemary,nasturtium,borage

mustards,nightshades(tomatoes,peppers, etc)

Brassicas are a family of specieswhich include broccoli, cabbage,brussels sprouts, kohlrabi, andcauliflower.

Beans, Phaseolus Corn (seeThree Sisters),Spinach,lettuce,rosemary,summersavory, dill,carrots,brassicas,beets, radish,strawberry andcucumbers

Eggplant,Summer savory

Californiabeetles

Tomatoes,chili peppers,alliums(onions, garlic,etc), kales(cabbage,broccoli, etc)

Hosts nitrogen-fixing bacteria, agood fertilizer for some plants, toomuch for others

List of companion plants 2

Beets, Beta Vulgaris lettuce,kohlrabi,onions andbrassicas

Catnip, Garlic,Mint

Runner or polebeans

Good for adding minerals to thesoil through composting leaveswhich have up to 25%magnesium. Runner or pole beansand beets stunt each other'sgrowth.

Broccoli Brassicaoleracea

geraniums, dill,alliums,rosemary,nasturtium,borage

mustards,Tomatoes,peppers

Rosemary repels cabbage fly,geraniums trap cabbage worms,same general companion profile asall brassica (cabbage, kohlrabi,brussels sprouts, cauliflower, etc)

Cabbage Brassicaoleracea

geraniums, dill,alliums, rosemary

mustards,Tomatoes,peppersstrawberries,andpole/runnerbeans

Rosemary repels cabbage flies,geraniums trap cabbage worms,same general companion profile asall brassica (cabbage, kohlrabi,brussels sprouts, cauliflower, etc)

Carrots Daucus carota Tomatoes,Alliums(onions,chives, etc),lettuce

alliums (leeks,shallots, etc),rosemary,wormwood, sage,beans, flax

assassinbug,lacewing,parasiticwasp,yellowjacket andotherpredatorywasps

Dill, parsnip,radish

Tomatoes grow better withcarrots, but may stunt the carrots'growth. Beans (which are bad fortomatoes) provide the nitrogencarrots need more than some othervegetables. Aromatic companionplants repel carrot fly. Sage,rosemary, and radishes arerecommended by some ascompanion plants, but listed byothers as incompatible. Alliumsinter-planted with carrots confuseonion and carrot flies. For thebeneficial insect-attractingproperties of carrots to work, theyneed to be allowed to flower;Otherwise, use the wild carrot,Queen Anne's Lace, for the sameeffect. Flax produces an oil thatmay protect root vegetables likecarrots from some pests.

Celery, Apiumgraveolens

Cosmos, Daisies,Snapdragons

corn, Asterflowers, thesecan transmitthe asteryellowsdisease

List of companion plants 3

Corn /Maize

Zea mays beans Sunflowers,legumes (beans,peas, soybeansetc), peanuts,cucurbits(squash,cucumbers,melons, etc),amaranth, whitegeranium, lamb'squarters, morningglory, parsley,and potato

Tomato,Celery

Provides beans with a trellis, isprotected from predators anddryness by cucurbits, in the threesisters technique

Cucumber CucumisSativus

Nasturtiums,radishes,marigolds,sunflowers, peas,beets, carrots,and Dill

Beneficialfor groundbeetles

Tomato, Sage

Commonname

Scientificname

Helps Helped by Attracts Repels/ Distracts

Avoid Comments

EggplantorAubergine

Solanummelongena

Beans, Peppers Marigolds,tarragon, mints

Marigolds will deter nematodes.

Leek Alliumampeloprasumv. porrum

Celery, appletrees

carrots cabbageworms,aphids,carrot fly,others

Legumes(beans, peas,etc), swisschard

Same companion traits as allalliums (onions, garlic, shallots,chives, etc)

Lettuce Lactuca sativa Radish, Kohlrabi,beans, carrots

celery,cabbage, cress,parsley

Mints (including hyssop, sage, andvarious "balms") repel slugs, abane of lettuce and cabbages

Mustard Brassicaceae,Sinapis alba

Cabbage,cauliflower,radish, brusselssprouts, turnips

variouspests

Same general companion profileas all brassica (cabbage, kohlrabi,brussels sprouts, cauliflower, etc)

Nightshades Solanaceae carrots, alliums,mints (basil,oregano, etc)

beans, blackwalnuts, corn,fennel, dill,brassica(broccoli,cabbage,cauliflower,etc)

Nightshade plants includetomatoes, tobacco, chili peppers(including bell peppers),potatoes, eggplant, and others

Commonname

Scientificname

Helps Helped by Attracts Repels/ Distracts

Avoid Comments

Onion Allium cepa Tomatoes,Kales(broccoli,cabbage, etc)

Carrots aphids,carrot fly,other pests

Beans, lentils,peas, parsley

Same companion traits as all otheralliums (chives, garlic, shallots,leeks, etc)

List of companion plants 4

Peppers Solanaceae,Capsicum

themselves,marjoram

tomatoes,geraniums,petunias

beans, kale(cabbage,brusselssprouts, etc)

Pepper plants like high humidity,which can be helped along byplanting with some kind ofdense-leaf or ground-covercompanion, like marjoram andbasil; they also need directsunlight, but their fruit can beharmed by it...pepper plants growntogether, or with tomatoes, canshelter the fruit from sunlight, andraises the humidity level.

Potato Solanumtuberosum

Horseradish Atriplex,carrot,cucumber,oignon,raspberries,squash,sunflower,tomato

Horseradish increases the diseaseresistance of potatoes

Parsnip PastinacaSativa

fruit trees a variety ofpredatoryinsects

The flowers of the parsnip plantleft to seed will attract a variety ofpredatory insects to the garden,they are particularly helpful whenleft under fruit trees, the predatorsattacking codling moth and lightbrown apple moth. The root alsocontains Myristricin, which istoxic to fuit flies, house flies, redspider mite, pea aphids, an simpleblender made extraction of threeblended parsnips roots to one litreof water through a food processor(not one for preparing food) andleft overnight, strained and usewithin a few days.

PumpkinSquash

Curcurbita spp corn, beans Buckwheat,catnip, tansy,radishes

Spiders,GroundBeetles

Flea Beetles are warded off byradishes, Curcurbita can be used inthe three sisters technique

Spinach Spinaciaoleracea

Peas, Beans The peas and beans providenatural shade for the spinach

Tomatoes Solanumlycopersicum

roses, peppers,asparagus

basil, oregano,parsley, carrots,marigold,Alliums, celery,Geraniums,Petunias,Nasturtium,Borage, any typeof onion orchives

asparagusbeetle

Black walnut,corn, fennel,peas, dill,potatoes,beetroot,brassicas(kohlrabi,cabbage, etc),rosemary

Black walnuts inhibit tomatogrowth, in fact they areallelopathic to all other nightshadeplants (chili pepper, potato,tobacco, petunia) as well, becauseit produces a chemical calledjuglone. Dill attracts tomato hornworm.

List of companion plants 5

Herbs

Herbs Common

name Scientific

name Helps Helped by Attracts Repels / Distracts Avoid Comments

Basil Ocimumbasilicum

tomato,peppers,oregano,asparagus,petunias

chamomile,anise

butterflies asparagus beetle,mosquitoes, thrips andflies

commonrue

is said to maketomatoes tastebetter,chamomile andanise aresupposed toincrease theessential oils inmany herbs likebasil

Borage Boragoofficinalis

Almosteverything,especiallystrawberry,cucurbits(cucumber,gourds),tomatoes andcabbage

Predatory insects,honeybees

many pests Predict a squaremeter for itsadult size.Borage is themagic bullet ofcompanionplants

Caraway Carum carvi Strawberries Parasitic wasps,parasitic flies

Chamomile Matricariarecutita

Basil, Wheat,Onion,Cabbage,Cucumber

Hoverflies, wasps Growingnear herbswillincreasetheir oilproduction.

Chervil Anthriscuscerefolium

Radish,lettuce,broccoli

aphids radish loves shade,fortunately itgrows well withshade-tolerantfood plants; willmake radishesgrown near ittaste spicier

Cilantro /Coriander

Coriandrumsativum

spinach beans, peas tachinid fly aphids, spider mites,white flies and potatobeetle

Chives Alliumschoenoprasum

Apples,carrots,tomatoes,brassica(broccoli,cabbage,mustard, etc),many others

carrots cabbage worms, carrotfly, aphids

beans, peas Same companiontraits as allalliums (onions,garlic, shallots,leeks, etc)said toprevent applescab after 3years planting atbase of appletrees

List of companion plants 6

Commonname

Scientificname

Helps Helped by Attracts Repels / Distracts Avoid Comments

Dill Anethumgraveolens

Cabbages,Corn, Lettuce,Onions,Cucumbers

Tiger Swallowtailbutterflies/caterpillars,Hoverflies, Wasps,Tomato Horn Worms,honeybees,Ichneumonid Wasps

Aphids, spider mites,squash bugs, cabbagelooper

carrots,tomatoes

one of the fewplants said togrow with fennel

Fennel Foeniculumvulgare

Dill Dill ladybugs, syrphid fly,tachinid fly

aphids Almosteverything

Fennel isallelopathic tomost gardenplants, inhibitinggrowth, causingto bolt, oractually killingmany plants

Garlic Allium sativum Apple trees,Pear trees,Roses,Cucumbers,Lettuce,Celery

Aphids, cabbagelooper, ants, rabbits,cabbage maggot

Beans,cabbages,peas

Deters rabbits,same companiontraits as allalliums (onions,chives, shallots,leeks, etc)

Hemp Cannabissativa L. subsp.sativa

Brassica(cabbage,brusselssprouts, otherkales)

Repels manytypes of beetleswhich attackcabbages.

Hyssop Hyssopusofficinalis

Cabbage,grapes

honeybees, butterflies Cabbage moth larvae,Cabbage Butterflies

Stimulatesgrowth ofgrapes.

Lovage Levisticumofficinale

Almost allplants

beans Ichneumonid Wasps,ground beetles (good)

rhubarb Is thought toimprove thehealth of almostall plants, likeborage andgeraniums, isconsidered a"magic bullet" ofcompanionplanting

Oregano Origanumvulgare

Tomatoes,peppers, manyother plants

basil aphids provides groundcover andmuch-neededhumidity forpepper plants ifallowed tospread amongthem

Commonname

Scientificname

Helps Helped by Attracts Repels / Distracts Avoid Comments

List of companion plants 7

Peppermint Menthapiperita

Brassica(cabbage,kholrabi,broccoli, andthe otherkales)

cabbage fly, ants,cabbage looper

Repels cabbageflies, has samegeneralcompanionproperties asother mints

Rosemary Rosmarinusofficinalis

sage, cabbage,beans, carrots

bean beetle Deters cabbageflies, repelsmany beanparasites

Sage Salviaofficinalis

rosemary,cabbage,beans, carrots

honeybees, cabbagebutterfly

cabbage flies, carrotfly, black flea beetle,cabbage looper,cabbage maggot

Deters cabbageflies, repelsmany beanparasites

Southernwood Artemisiaabrotanum

Fruit trees Controlscabbage mothsand malariamosquitoes.

Spearmint Mentha spicata ants, aphids Controls antsand aphids, hassame generalcompanionproperties asother mints.

SummerSavoury

Saturejahortensis

Green beans,onions,

also delaysgermination ofcertain foulherbs

Tansy Tanacetumvulgare

beans,cucurbits(cucumbers,squash, etc),corn, roses

honeybees flyinginsects(IchneumonidWasps), Japanesebeetles, stripedcucumber beetles,squash bugs and ants

Is reputed togenerally repelinsects (exceptfor nectar-eatingtypes). This herbshould not beconsumed, as itis quite toxic.

Tarragon Artemisiadracunculus

Everything,but especiallyeggplant

Its scent isdisliked by mostpests, and thisplant is alsothought to haveNurse Plantproperties,enhancing thegrowth andflavor of cropsgrown with it.

Thyme Cabbage andbroccoli

Deters white fly

List of companion plants 8

Flowers

Flowers Common

Name Latin Name Helps Helped

by Attracts Repels /

Distracts Avoid Comments

Geraniums Pelargoniumspp.

Roses, corn,tomatoes,peppers, grapes

leafhoppers,Japanesebeetles

A trap crop, attracting pests away fromroses and grape vines, distracts beetleafhoppers, carrier of the curly top virus,keep away from Solanaceous plants likeeggplant, and tobacco

Lupin Lupinus Cucurbits,brassica, lettuce,rosemary, dill,strawberry

summersavory

Honeybees tomatoesand othersolanicae

This wildflower is actually a legume,hosting bacteria that fixes nitrogen in thesoil, fertilizing it for neighboring plants

Marigold AsteraceaeCalendulaTagetes

most plants,especiallytomatoes andpeppers,cucurbits(cucumbers,gourds, squash),brassicas(broccoli, kale,cabbage)

nematodes,beet leafhoppers,other pests

Marigolds are a wonder-drug of thecompanion plant world, invoking the saying"plant them everywhere in your garden".French marigolds produce a pesticidalchemical from their roots, so strong it lastsyears after they are gone. Mexicanmarigolds do the same, but are so strongthey will inhibit the growth of some moretender herbs. Certain Varieties of marigolds(Tagetes) can help manage eelworms(Root-knot nematode) when planted theyear before [2]. Tagetes has also been foundeffective against perennial weeds such asRanunculus ficaria (Celandine),Aegopodium podagraria (Ground elder),Glechoma hederacea (Ground ivy),Agropyron repens (Couch grass),Convolvulus arvensis (Field bindweed),Equisetum arvense (Field/CommonHorsetail) and other 'starchy' weeds.

Petunia Petunia xhybrida

cucurbits(squash,pumpkins,cucumbers),asparagus

leafhoppers,Japanesebeetles,aphids,asparagusbeetle

Is a trap crop almost identical to geraniumsin function

Nasturtium Tropaeolummajus

Many plants,especiallycucurbits(melons,cucumbers,gourds), beans,tomatoes, appletrees, brassicas(broccoli,cabbage, etc),radish

predatoryinsects

aphids,cabbagelooper,squash bug,white fly,cucumberbeetles

radish,cauliflower

Both work as trap crops for aphids, isamong the best at attracting predatoryinsects

List of companion plants 9

Sunflower Helianthusannuus

corn, tomatoes aphids Was grown as a companion for corn(maize)before modern Europeans arrived in theAmericas, supposedly increases theirproduction, ants herd aphids ontosunflowers, keeping them off neighboringplants

Tansy Tanacetumvulgare

cucurbits(cucumbers,squash, etc),raspberries andrelatives, roses,corn

sugar ants,Japanesebeetles,cucumberbeetles,squash bugs,mice

Toxic to many animals, don't plant it wherelivestock browse

Yarrow Achilleamillefolium

many plants predatorywasps,ladybugs,hoverflies,damselbugs

May increase the essential oil production ofsome herbs. Also improves soil quality, usethe leaves to enrich compost, or as mulch.

Other

Other Common

Name LatinName

Helps Helpedby

Attracts Repels /Distracts Avoid

Comments

Alfalfa Medicagosativa

Cotton assassin bug, big-eyedbug, Ladybug,parasitic wasps

Lygus bugs Used by farmers to reduce cotton pests, a good cropto improve soil; fixes nitrogen like beans do. Alsobreaks up hardpan and other tough soil.

Trees

Apple

APPLE TREES Common

Name LatinName Helps

Helped by Attracts

Repels /Distracts

Avoid Comments

Apple Malusdomestica

Clover, Chive, Garlic, Leek,Nasturtium, Southernwood,Daffodils, Comfrey

Cedar because of apple-cedar rust.Walnut because its roots producegrowth inhibitors that apple trees aresensitive to[3]

List of companion plants 10

Apricot

APRICOT TREES Common

Name Latin Name Helps Helped

by Attracts Repels /

Distracts Avoid Comments

Apricot Prunusarmeniaca

peppers A fungus that peppers are prone to can infect apricottrees causing a lot of harm.

Walnut

WALNUT TREES Common

Name LatinName Helps

Helped by Attracts

Repels /Distracts Avoid

Comments

Walnut Juglans EuropeanAlder(sacrificeplant)

Black walnut is harmful to the growth of all nightshade plants,including Datura or Jimson weed, eggplant, mandrake, deadlynightshade or belladonna, capsicum (paprika, chile pepper),potato, tobacco, tomato, and petunia.

References[1] nss abstracts (http:/ / www. warren-wilson. edu/ ~research/ Undergrad_Res/ nss97-98/ fall1997abs. html)[2] http:/ / www. agr. state. nc. us/ AGRONOMI/ nnote1. htm[3] "Fruit Tree Companion Planting" (http:/ / www. small-farm-permaculture-and-sustainable-living. com/ fruit_tree_companion_planting. html).

small-farm-permaculture-and-sustainable-living.com. .

• Sally Jean Cunnigham (1998). "Great Garden Companions", ISBN 0-87596-847-3• The Rodale Herb Book, Eighth Printing, c1974, ISBN 0-87857-076-4• Companion Planting Guide, Ute Bohnsack (http:/ / www. gb0063551. pwp. blueyonder. co. uk/ seeog/

companion/ )• Companion Planting (http:/ / www. ghorganics. com/ page2. html)• Companion plants (http:/ / eap. mcgill. ca/ publications/ EAP55. htm) by Professor Stuart B. Hill Department of

Entomology Macdonald College• DGS Gardening companion plant list (http:/ / www. dgsgardening. btinternet. co. uk/ companion. htm)• Cass County Extension Companion Planting List (http:/ / www. ext. nodak. edu/ county/ cass/ horticulture/

vegetables/ companion. htm)• (http:/ / www. gardentoad. com/ companionplants. html)

Article Sources and Contributors 11

Article Sources and ContributorsList of companion plants  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=445524089  Contributors: -

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