LDT Product Guide - Direct Timber · LDT recognise the importance of environmental considerations...

LDT Product Guide

The Responsible Choice for...all your Hardwoods, Laminated Timber, Softwood Clears,

Flooring & DeckingBM TRADA’S® FOREST PRODUCTS CHAIN OF CUSTODY

Established in March 2011, LDT has quickly become one of the UK’s leading timber stockists and distributors.

Our small friendly team of industry experts has over 150 years combined experience in the sourcing, shipping, distribution and trading of Softwood and Hardwood Timber products.

LDT has an extensive worldwide supply network and works closely with all its suppliers to ensure we supply the finest grade and quality timber and timber products at market competitive levels.

The company policy is to trade only with importers and merchants.

As per our Groups policy, LDT is committed to sourcing material in compliance with EUTR 995/210. DDS (Due Diligence System) which was implemented and ONLY product with negligible status will be procured. Where possible, timber products will be purchased that are independently certified as coming from well managed forest organisations such as PEFC or FSC. Where certified product is not available, third party verified is sourced in high risk areas where governance is weak. In addition LDT is signed up to Timber Trade Federation (TTF) responsible purchasing policy, which is The Environmental Code of Practice to all wood Procurement activities and it is third party audited.

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LDT Product Guide

LDT recognise the importance of environmental considerations in operating the business. As a responsible organisation, LDT, being part of James Latham Plc seeks to follow in all areas of its activities, policies that recognise this. It is considered that with best practices observed, timber and wood products are the ultimate sustainable and recyclable materials, requiring low energy consumption to process and being thermally efficient in use.

Where possible, the Company will purchase timber products independently certified as coming from well-managed forests by organisations such as the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC). The Company has set up third party audited chain of custody systems to ensure that this material is not mixed with products of unknown origin.

Where certified product is not available, LDT is committed to sourcing materials from suppliers who are operating within the laws of their own country. Third party verification is sought in high-risk areas where governance is weak. The Timber Trades Federation (TTF) responsible purchasing policy, which is a risk based due diligence process, is carried out on suppliers.

The Group aims to adopt environmental standards at least equal to legal requirements and to integrate environmental considerations into its decision making in such areas as transport, energy usage, treatment plants, waste disposal and health and safety requirements.

The FSC® and PEFC logo identifies timber from well managed forests.

For further information on our scope of FSC certifications please visit www.fsc-info.orgWe refer to our product specifications in this brochure for the availibility of FSC products.For further information on PEFC certifications please visit www.pefc.org

ouR CoMMITMEnT To ThE EnvIRonMEnT

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TTF - LDT Certifi cate to comeTTF - LDT Certifi cate to come

CERTIFIED TIMBERS

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Images 2 & 4 © DLH Hardwood Image 3 © Edward Parker

ForestsA forest which is responsibly managed can produce timber indefinitely.

By producing and supplying certified timbers, we can help to ensure that the timber supply base can be maintained for the future. These timbers will guarantee timber for future generations.

our WorldThe natural forest is a delicate ecosystem, which stores carbon and contributes to recycling of water, maintaining climate stability and protecting biodiversity. Conversion of natural forest to other uses is problematic and a matter of concern because such activities contribute to CO2 emission when the forest is burned. Contrary to this, wood which is based on sustainable forest management is CO2 neutral.

PeoPleA forest which is responsibly managed also ensures the rights of local and indigenous people. Free, prior and informed consent are essential elements to ensure that different stakeholder interests are taken care of. Respecting the lives and cultures of local and indigenous peoples ensures that their way of life, sometimes developed over centuries, can be maintained.

WildliFeBy safeguarding forest areas so that the wildlife is maintained, good forest management ensures that the forest habitat, for both animals and plants, is protected. Species currently endangered, such as the western lowland gorilla or forest elephant, can continue to be afforded a habitat where they can survive and, hopefully, thrive in the future.

ecosystemGood forest management ensures that the delicate forest ecosystem is maintained and thus the level of biodiversity is sustained.

customer AWArenessAs the public becomes more aware of the importance of protecting our environments they will inevitably demand more and more timber from sustainable sources. We are actively working with our suppliers to secure a steady supply of certified timber to satisfy future demand.

Certification is vital for forests worldwide

Why choose certiFied timber?

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CERTIFIED TIMBERS

For our range of certified engineered hardwood and softwood, see pages 30 and 31 or contact ldt for further details.

American White Oak 1" to 2"American Hard Maple 1" and 2"American Tulipwood 1" to 2"American Ash 1" to 2"Utile VariousIroko Various

Sapele VariousEuropean Oak 1" to 4"Massaranduba Decking 21 x 145mmBalau Decking 19 x 90, 21 x 145mmAccoya

sGs (legally verified – 3rd Party)

Sapele 1" to 4"Utile 1" to 4"Iroko 1" to 3"

PeFc

Meranti VariousFAS Oak 1" to 3"

year 0 – the Forest year 1 – trees harvested

year 20 – shade creators established year 30 – new Juvenile established

The illustrations represent the 30 year cycle of selective, responsible harvesting of mature trees in an African tropical forest, a process which protects the ecosystem, forms the basis of sustainability in the tropics, and can be repeated indefinitely.

Illustrations courtesy of the DLH Group

Fsc®

certiFied timbers AVAilAble to order

Western Red Cedar VariousDouglas Fir VariousHemlock Various

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sustAinAble troPicAl timber Production – a simplified description of complex forest dynamics

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PRoDuCTS

look for the Fsc® certified products

environmental schemes p.12 timber terminology p.13

HARDWOODS north American Ash p.14 White Oak p.14 Cherry p.15 Maple p.15 Red Oak p.16 Tulipwood or Yellow Poplar p.16 Black Walnut p.17

Grading of American timber p.18

Far eastern Jelutong p.20 Meranti p.20 Keruing p.21

Grading of Far eastern hardwood p.22

African Idigbo p.24 Iroko p.24 Koto p.25 Movingui p.25 Obeche p.25 Sapele p.26 Utile p.26 Wenge p.26

Grading of African timber p.27

SOFTWOODS north American & canadian Clear Douglas Fir p.28 Western Red Cedar p.28 Pacific Coast Hemlock p.29

ENGINEERED TIMBER SECTIONS iLam p.30

MODIFIED/HEAT TREATED TIMBER Accoya p.32

iDECK p.34

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EnvIRonMEnTal SChEMES & TIMBER PuRChaSIng

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Meeting government contract requirements Timber and timber products must have been legally and sustainably produced. FLEGT-licensed timber is also permitted but is not currently available on the market.

The policy is mandatory for all Central Government Departments, Executive Agencies and Non Departmental Public Bodies. Local Authorities, other public bodies and the private sector are also encouraged to adopt responsible timber procurement policies. The contractor must, before delivering timber or timber products, obtain documentary evidence that the timber is both legal and responsible. The authority can demand to see this evidence for a period up to 6 years after delivery.

The policy is implemented through contract clauses and applies to all timber and wood derived products.

In order to demonstrate that timber is from a legal and responsible source, it is necessary to prove:

• That the forest source was legally and sustainably managed. This includes social criteria relating to indigenous forest dwellers and forest workers. The government have produced definitions of what is meant by legal and responsible.

• The source of timber. As the policy applies to legality and responsibility in the forest it is necessary to be able to trace the source of timber and products made of wood through various stages from the forest to the final product. This is usually done through an audited system of Chain of Custody.

The Government has set up the Central Point of Expertise on Timber (CPET) to advise on the criteria for meeting the requirements for legal and responsible timber. Category A criteria involves the assessment of the various timber certification schemes and category B criteria sets out the evidence required for timber not covered by one of the approved certification schemes – namely that the source of the timber has been or can be independently verified by an appropriate body as meeting the defined standards for responsible forest management and there is a robust chain of custody.

CPET has judged that the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC®), the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC), the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and the Responsible Forestry Initiative (SFI) meet the requirement for legal and responsible timber so long as the minimum content as defined by the scheme is 70%. CSA and SFI are both endorsed under the PEFC process. Timber certified under the new Malaysian Timber Standard (MTCS) endorsed by PEFC will also meet the requirements for responsibility. This is still being implemented in Malaysia. There is still some timber certified against the old MTCC standard (MTCC) but this is not endorsed by PEFC and is classified as ‘legal’ by CPET.

Up to date information on this can be obtained from our website, from our sales staff or the CPET websitewww.cpet.org.uk. Other environmentally concerned specifiers are modelling their requirements on the government’s timber procurement policy.

We are proud to continue the tradition of holding comprehensive timber stocks of temperate and tropical timber. These include European softwood, British and European hardwoods, hardwoods from West Africa, the Far East and America. All are purchased in accordance with our environmental purchasing policy. Wherever possible, we buy material certified to one of the recognised schemes.

LDT are registered to handle third party certificated timber under the FSC®/PEFC banner. BM TRADA are the independent assessors. LDT is a signatory to the TTF Responsible Purchasing Policy (RPP).

Our suppliers have their own third party accreditation and unique chain of custody number. LDT purchases FSC and PEFC materials from its suppliers using a clearly defined, documented system, stating product description and our own chain of custody number.

Supplier paperwork is checked carefully and when goods are received, product is checked and stored separately or clearly marked. All FSC and PEFC products have their own product code to ensure accurate order selection for onward delivery to our customers.

Our customers can only use or sell on products as third party certified material if they have their own third party accredited chain of custody.

Our range of FSC and PEFC Timber and Panel Products has now been supplemented with SGS legally sourced Sapele, MTCC accredited Malaysian Hardwood, CSA accredited Softwood, SFI and FSC North American Hardwoods.

ldt Guide to enVironmentAl certiFicAtion schemes

VeriFied leGAl And certiFied timber And PAnel Products

LDT Product Guide

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TIMBER TERMInologY

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density Timbers vary in density depending on their species and moisture content. The values quoted are averages at 15% but the increase caused by moisture can be estimated by adding 0.5% of the given weight for every 1% increase in moisture content.

description The colour refers to the Heartwood of a timber, but each board may be subject to some variation and most timbers change colour when exposed to daylight.

drying and Kilning Higher temperatures and reduced humidity found in most new buildings make it essential to condition Hardwood before manufacturing into woodwork. This is achieved by kiln drying timber, reducing the natural moisture in wood. The majority of timbers today are already kiln dried, except for those sold especially for external construction work, and commonly, sold at an average moisture content of 121⁄2 - 15%, suitable for the most internal situations bar those with continuous central heating. North American timbers are imported already kiln dried to a moisture content varying on average 8 - 10% reflecting the widespread use of air-conditioning and central heating in the United States.

durability The durability of timber is based on the results of the ‘Grave Yard’ test, where pieces of Heartwood 50mm x 50mm x 0.6mm are stuck in the ground and, fully exposed to the elements, are left to rot. The timber is then classified according to the number of years taken before decay becomes obvious. The classifications are: perishable 0-5 years including all sapwood; non-durable 5-10 years; moderately durable 10-15 years; durable 15-25 years; very durable 25+ years. This is a particularly harsh test and a durable timber used in most external situations where it does not actually touch the ground, can be expected to last for some years longer.

Flat sawn Timber cut tangentially to the annual growth rings, often called through and through.

Knots Knots give figure to wood as the grain is deflected around them and because of the shapes of hard dark tissue. They can be desirable aesthetically e.g. pippy oak.

machining This refers to the ease of working and is classified as excellent, good, medium and difficult (where care should be taken in machining).

moisture movement This refers to the dimensional changes that occur when dried timber is subjected to changes in atmospheric conditions. The movement is classified as small, medium and large. For situations where varying humidities are likely to be encountered and stability of a component is important, a small movement species should be specified e.g. decorative wood flooring. The most recent standard for moisture content in general joinery is BSEN 942 1996 Timber & Joinery.

Paint/stain This refers to the ease of accepting a stain or paint finish and is classified as excellent, good, satisfactory and poor.

Prices on Application Prices are available from our Sales Offices. A surcharge may be levied on orders valued at £230 or less.

Price ranges £ - Inexpensive ££ - Value for money £££ - Mid range ££££ - Top range.

Quarter sawn Cut radially from the log to give an edge vertical or straight grained appearance.

specification The majority of imported Hardwood is in the form of Square Edged boards of random width and length. These are normally sold on the basis of 6' and up in length, and 6" and wider in width. However, Far Eastern timbers are more commonly 8' and longer, 6" and wider, and North American timbers are 6' and longer, and 4" and wider. The specification shows the average length and range, and the average width and range. Constructional Hardwoods are usually offered sawn to size. Where logs are available it is mentioned.

springwood/ Depending on which part of the year most of the growing period; if springwood the growth ring is lighter summerwood less dense and less strong mechanically than summerwood.

square edged Square edged boards are free from wane without eased edges.

texture Surface texture depends on the size and distribution of the wood cells and, less importantly, rays. Classification ranges from fine e.g. cherry with small vessels, through medium to coarse e.g. oak with large vessels.

uses The list of uses covers most common applications but should not regarded as exhaustive.

Weights Average weights are given for each timber at an average Moisture Content of 12%.

LDT Product Guide

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north American White Ash FAs, FAs 1 FAce se Kiln driedAsh Fraxinus Americana

Northern Ash, also known as ‘Tough Ash’ is pale cream to greyish brown in colour, generally straight grained, with a coarse but even texture. It is appropriate for applications where strength is a requirement. Available in other grades, e.g. Common & Selects. FSC® stock available on request.

north American White oak – FAs & FAs 1 FAce 80 – 20 se Kiln driedWhite oAK Quercus Alba

Colour ranges from a light yellowy brown to pale biscuit, occasionally with a pinkish tinge depending on region and site condition in Eastern USA. Straight grained with a medium to coarse texture, it machines fairly readily and stains and polishes to an excellent finish. Also available Super Prime, parallel sawn, pulled to width and strips. From time to time we have lower grades and shorts available. e.g. Common & Selects.

Medium Medium Good Durable 760 kg/m3

s/e Am K/d FAs 80/20 25 38 63 32 50 75

Kd Prime 225mm + wider

uses

Widely used for interior joinery, panelling, furniture, shopfitting, and flooring.

specification

Average length 8' Average width 7"Range 6' to 15' Range 4" to 12"

sizes mm s/e K/d FAs

25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Price range – £££

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Images courtesy of the American Hardwood Export Council. www.ahec-europe.org

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Medium Excellent Good Non-durable 670 kg/m3

uses

Traditionally used for sports equipment and striking handles, it is increasingly used for joinery, furniture, shopfitting panelling and flooring.

specification



25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Price range – ££

LDT Product Guide

north American cherry FAs, FAs 1 FAce se Kiln dried Prunus Serotina cherry

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north American hard maple – FAs, FAs1 FAce 80 – 20 se Kiln dried selected for colour 1 & 2 WhiteAcer Saccharum/Acer Nigrum mAPle

Colour cream to a pale reddish brown, renowned for its strength and resistance to shock, Hard Maple is straight grained with a fine texture. FSC stock available on request.

uses

Traditionally a flooring timber, it is also used for furniture, turnery, musical instruments, shopfitting and internal joinery. Not suitable for exterior use.

For symbol explanation see page 13.


Colour ranges from golden yellow in the sapwood, to pinkish red in the heartwood. Straight grained, it has a fine even texture, which machines and finishes extremely well. Available in other grades, e.g. Common & Selects. FSC® stock available on request.

uses

Used for cabinet making, furniture, decorative joinery and kitchens in particular. It is also excellent for turnery. Not suitable for exterior use.

specification



25 50 100 32 63 38 75

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Price range – ££££

Medium Excellent Good Moderate 580 kg/m3

specification



25 50 100 32 63 38 75


Small Excellent Satisfactory Non-durable 630 kg/m3

LDT Product Guide


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uses

Used for interior joinery, panelling, furniture manufacture and mouldings, it is increasingly used as an alternative to Ramin, Obeche and Rubberwood.

specification



25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Price range – £

Medium Excellent Excellent Non-durable 380-450 kg/m3

north American red oak – FAs & FAs 1 FAce 80 – 20 se Kiln driedred oAK Quercus spp

Colour ranges from a light yellowish brown to pale biscuit, occasionally with pinkish tinge due to soil and climate conditions. Primarily we sell Northern Red Oak Quercus Rubra. The wood is extremely porous and therefore not suitable for tight cooperage.

uses

Widely used for interior joinery, panelling, boxes, furniture, shopfitting, flooring and windows.




Colour ranges from white to pale olive green to brown. It is straight grained, of even texture and grain and relatively strong. Available in other grades, e.g. Common & Selects. Moderately light weight and low shock resistant. FSC® stock available on request.

tuliPWood or yelloW PoPlAr Liriodendron Tulipifera north American FAs, & FAs 1 FAce 80 – 20 se Kiln dried

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25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Price range – £££

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American black Walnut grading varies from other north American species. For full details regarding specifications, please see the Ahec website www.ahec-europe.org

the nhlA grades have been altered for this species because of availability and nature of the timber growth (around 1% of the standing forest resource). the FAs lumber grade allows a 5 inch minimum width and 6 foot minimum length. When steamed, the sapwood, which is not considered a defect, will turn a darker colour to assist blending in the finishing process and is admitted without limit.

We offer American black Walnut in Prime Grades, selected to a very high specification and available ex stock. Please contact ldt sales for further information on our range.

north American FAs 1 FAce se Kiln dried Juglans Nigra blAcK WAlnut

The colour varies from a light grey-brown to a chocolate brown to purplish brown, and finishes beautifully with an excellent decorative appearance due to its outstanding grain, colour and pattern. Grain patterns vary from very plain to highly figured.

uses

Widely used for cabinet making, high quality joinery doors and shopfitting.

specification



25 50 100 32 63 38 75


Small Excellent Excellent Moderate 660 kg/m3

LDT Product Guide

The FAS grade, which derives from an original grade “First and Seconds”, will provide the user with long, clear cuttings – best suited for high quality furniture, interior joinery and solid wood mouldings. The FAS grade includes a range of boards that yield from 83 1/3% (10/12 ths) to 100% clear-wood cuttings over the entire surface of the board. The clear cuttings must be a minimum size of 3" wide by 7' long or 4" wide by 5' long. The number of these cuttings permitted depends on the size of the board with most boards permitting one to two. The minimum width and length will vary, depending on species and whether the board is green or kiln dried. both faces of the board must meet the minimum requirement for FAs.

This grade is nearly always shipped with FAS. The better face must meet all FAS requirements while the poor face must meet all the requirements of the Number 1 Common grade, thus ensuring the buyer with at least one FAS face. Often export shipments are assembled with an 80-20 mix, 80% being the percentage of FAS boards and 20% being the percentage of the F1F boards. These percentages are strictly left to individual buyer and seller agreement.

FAs

FAs one FAce (F1F)

This grade is virtually the same as F1F except for the minimum board size required. Selects allow boards 4" and wider and 6' and longer in length. The Selects grade is generally associated with the northern regions of the USA and is also shipped in combination with the FAS grade.

Often export shipments of the upper grades are simply referred to as FAS. The conventional business practice for American hardwoods is to ship these upper grades in some combination. Working closely with the supplier will enable the buyer to be sure that the expected quality will be received. Whether FAS is combined with F1F (Face And better) or Selects (sel And better) every board in the shipment must have a minimum of one FAS face.

Prime grade: This grade has evolved from the NHLA grade of FAS for the export market. It is square edged and virtually wane free. The minimum clear yield will be select and better with appearance being a major factor. Minimum size of the boards varies, depending on the species, region and supplier.

comsel grade: This grade has evolved from the NHLA grades of Number 1 Common and Selects. For the export market the minimum clear yield should be Number 1 Common or slightly better with appearance a main factor. Minimum size of the boards varies, depending on the species, region and supplier.

note: The terms Prime and Comsel are not standard NHLA definitions and therefore fall outside the official range of the NHLA grading rules.

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Note: Minimum yield 83 1/3% clear wood cuttings on the poor face of the board.

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the nhlA grading rules do not allow the following characteristics in the clear cuttings for all grades and they are therefore considered defects.

HEARTWOOD and SAPWOODHeartwood is the mature wood, which is often darker, extending from the sapwood to the pith. Sapwood is the lighter coloured

wood growing from inside the bark to the heartwood.

MINERAL STREAKSStreaks of colour ranging from olive to blackish-brown, which

typically follow the grain pattern.

BARK POCKETA bark-filled distortion in the grain pattern.

DECAY OR ROTThe breaking down of the wood substance by fungi. The dis-

colouration of the sapwood indicates the initial evidence of decay.

SPLITA lengthwise separation of the wood created as the wood dries.

Shake is a separation between the annual growth rings.

WORM HOLESHoles in the wood ranging in size from 1/16" to over 1/4".

BURLA swirl or twist in the grain of the wood that does not contain

a knot.

GLASSWORMRandom mineral like tracts. Usually associated with ash.

BIRD PECKSSmall blemishes in the grain pattern resulting from birds

pecking that sometimes contain ingrown bark. An exception to the rule is hickory and elm.

UNSOUND KNOTA circular area that once formed the base of a branch or twig

and has a pith centre (in some cases the wood may be missing).

STICKER STAINStain that is typically grey in colour occurring from stickers

used to season lumber.

PITHThe small soft core at the structural centre of the tree.

GUM STREAKSMineral-like streaks of colour naturally occurring only in cherry.

STICKER MARKThe mark left on the board from a seasoning sticker, which can

be removed in the surfacing planing process.

CHECKA lengthwise opening on the face of the board resulting from

rapid or faulty drying.

SOUND KNOTA knot solid across its face, which shows no indication of decay.

WANEBark or the lack of wood caused by the round nature of the

tree or log.

GRUB HOLESHoles larger than 1/4".


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The following show characteristics that occur in US hardwoods. Some are inherent to certain species and others are generic to all. These characteristics either occur naturally in the lumber or as a result of the drying process.

the nhlA grading rules allow the following characteristics in the clear cutting percentages for all grades and they are therefore not considered defects.

LDT Product Guide

sizes mm s/e K/d

25 38 100 23 x 225 50 32 63 32 x 225 75

Machined Meranti P.A.R.45mm x 70mm 45mm x 95mm

Window Board with bullnose and rebate26mm x 170mm 26mm x 245mm 26mm x 220mm

selects & better dark red se Kiln dried, 100% PeFcmerAnti Shorea Spp

Colour medium to dark reddish brown with white Dammar or resin streaks. Fairly coarse texture with an interlocked grain. Works fairly easily and gives a good finish.


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Traditionally a pattern making timber, it is also used for carving, interior joinery and fittings. Not suitable for external purposes.

specification

Average length 12' Range 8' to 15' Average width 7"Range 6" to 12"

sizes mm s/e K/d

25 75 38 50

selects & better se Kiln dried, 100% PeFcJelutonG Dyera Costulata

Colour creamy white to straw. It is straight grained and of fine even texture, although latex traces may be found.


Small Good Good Non-durable 460 kg/m3

Small Good Poor Moderate 670 kg/m3

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General joinery and constructional work, boat building as well as shopfitting and furniture, Parquet Flooring.

specification

Average length 10' Range 6' to 18' Average width 8"Range 6" to 12"

Good stocks of PeFc meranti now available.


LDT Product Guide

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Used for truck flooring, exterior cill sections, structural blockwork, road and street bollards.Not suitable for interior joinery.

specification

Average length 12' Range 8' to 20' Average width 7"

sizes mm s/e K/d

25 50 10032 63 22 x 145 ½ lap38 75 28 x 145 ½ lap

standard & better se kiln dried and air dried, 100% PeFc, sVlKKeruinG

Sapwood is a greyish-brown, heartwood varies from light red to reddish brown or brown, darkening on exposure. Grain is usually straight but may be interlocked. Timber contains oleo-resin which exudes normally from end grain. Keruing is available in sawn sizes or machined to standard half lap profiles for truck flooring.


Medium Difficult Poor Moderately-durable 740 kg/m3 KD 900-1050 kg/m3 AD

LDT Product Guide

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The first set of “The Malayan Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timbers” was issued in 1949. Since then, the MGR (as it is popularly known) has undergone a number of revisions and fine-tuning.

the mAlAysiAn GrAdinG rules

The MGR was conceived to ensure quality to buyers of Malaysian timbers. The most important aspect of the MGR is that it deals with the quality of appearance of the sawntimber. The major part of the rules concern the quality of cut (“the Cutting System”) and the amount of cutting defects that are allowed in each grade (“the Defect System”). The rules were designed to eliminate defects due to production and limit the amount of natural defects allowed under each grade.

Under the Cutting System, the higher grades are accorded to sawntimber pieces that yield a higher percentage of defect-free cuttings. This system is used for grading timbers that are usually re-sawn into smaller dimensions during applications. As most Malaysian timbers are imported for further processing, this system is the most commonly used method for grading Malaysian timbers. In this system, the percentage of good clean-cut surface that can be obtained from a piece of timber will determine the grade of the timber.

Under the Defect System, it is recognised that several natural defects cannot be eliminated through technology. The MGR allows for the inclusion of these natural defects wherever they do not interfere with the final utilisation and integrity of the timbers. This system is used to grade timbers that are destined to be used for specific purposes and are intended to be used in the sizes in which they are supplied. Examples of timber graded under this system are railway sleepers and cross arms.

The number of defects determines the grade assigned to the sawntimber. Defects that are normally deemed permissible include sound knots, phloem and pin holes. Since these defects occur naturally, special dispensations have been included in the rules to cater for them. As such, there are provisions in the rules for buyers to purchase timbers under a PHND (Pin Holes No Defect) or IPND (Included Phloem No Defect) or SKND (Sound Knots No Defect) specification. Under such circumstances, the grades will be specially marked as PHND or IPND, etc.

rAtionAle behind the mAlAysiAn GrAdinG rules

There are areas that will be of special interest to buyers of graded Malaysian timbers:

1. rules dealing with size toleranceTimbers tend to shrink upon drying. To allow for this expected shrinkage, the MGR recommends that timbers be sawn oversized, with an allowance to compensate for this shrinkage. Timbers sawn with such an allowance for shrinkage are described as full sawn. However, full sawn timbers are more expensive as the cost of the extra material supplied will eventually be borne by the buyers. In cases where the final size of the piece of timber is not critical to its utilisation, e.g., when the timber is re-sawn before usage, the buyers can specify that the timber need not be full sawn. This is to save costs. In these cases, the buyers can specify that the timber be sawn to its exact dimension, or bare sawn. This cost-saving measure can be taken further by specifying that the timber be sawn to a dimension slightly less than specified, i.e., scant sawn. Whether the timber is purchased as full, bare or scant sawn, it is very much a matter of buyer-seller contractual agreement. Under specifications for bare or scant sawn timbers, all documents will have to bear the correct specifications and all grades will be marked with the words “bare” or “scant”. In the absence of such a prior contractual agreement, all timbers are presumed to be full sawn timbers.

2. rules for grading kiln-dried timberTimber to be kiln-dried will be graded before kiln-drying. Timbers are to be sawn with recommended oversize and provisions for scant sawn do not apply. Defects developed during the kiln-drying process will be the responsibility of the kiln operator, who shall reject all defective pieces. The kiln operator will issue a kiln-drying certificate, which will be endorsed by the Grading Authority with the statement “timber kiln-dried after grading”. No kiln-dried timber can be exported without this endorsement, which proves that the timbers were graded and inspected prior to kiln-drying.

some AreAs oF sPeciAl interest

LDT Product Guide

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gRaDIng oF FaR EaSTERn haRDWooD

Depending on the purpose for which the timbers are purchased, buyers who wish to buy graded timbers from Malaysia have a choice of having their timber graded under the General Market Specification or the Special Market Specification.

General Market Specification is reserved for timbers, e.g., boards and planks, that are usually re-sawn before use and the timbers are graded under the Cutting System. For this reason, the presence of good, clean-cut surfaces are important and the grades are determined according to the percentage of clear faces that can be obtained from the piece of timber.

Special Market Specification deals with timbers for specific purposes and the final sizes are usually specified, e.g., railway sleepers and cross arms. Table 1 illustrates the two methods of specification and the systems that can be used to grade timbers for various purposes.

sPeciFyinG timbers under the mAlAysiAn GrAdinG rules

Timber is graded by fully trained and licensed Timber Graders, who are private operators. If required, a check grading can be done by Timber Inspectors of the Malaysian Timber Industry Board, the designated Grading Authority in Malaysia. Check grading is not compulsory and it is done only upon request. The Timber Inspectors will conduct a 10% check grading on the consignment to ascertain that the grading has been done accurately.

Timbers will be graded in accordance to the grade specified for the consignment. For instance, if the buyer wishes to buy Select & Better sawntimber, then the Timber Graders will be looking at the consignment to see whether it will qualify for this grade. Grading is also guided by the buyers’ specifications on which system of grading to use, e.g., Cutting System or the Defects System.

Then the timbers are examined piece by piece to ascertain the percentage of clean surfaces that can be obtained from the consignment. If the percentage of good clean surface is adequate for that particular grade, then the consignment is deemed to represent that grade. It must be noted that the underlying principle of grading as done under the Malaysian Grading Rules is that it is the amount of good clean surfaces that decide the grade, and not the amount of defects present. In other words, when you order timbers graded under the MGR, you are guaranteed a certain amount of good timber, and not how much defective timbers was kept out.

GrAdinG And insPection Process

Although grading is no longer compulsory, the MGR remains as an assurance tool for buyers purchasing Malaysian timber. Buyers who are already familiar with Malaysian timbers usually bypass the grading process. If buyers are looking for certainty of getting the quality they want, they should order graded timbers. The MGR is designed to provide a statement of quality on sawntimbers shipped from Malaysia.

WhAt the mGr cAn do For buyers

General market specification • Prime • Sound • Boards/Planks Cutting System • Select • Serviceable • Standard • Utility special market specification• Prime Wides and Panels Cutting System • Prime• Strips Cutting System • Prime • Sound • Select • Serviceable • Standard • Utility• Scantlings Defect System • Select & Better • Sound • Standard • Utility • Serviceable• Sleepers Defect System • Select & Better • Standard & Better• Shorts Defect System • Prime • Sound • Select • Serviceable • Standard • Cross Arms Defect System • Select & Better • Standard & Better• Wagon Planks Defect System • Wagon Plank• Large Scantlings & Squares Defect System • Large Scantling & Squares• Decks Defect System • Decks

sPeciFicAtion system used GrAdes AVAilAble

Table 1: Types of Specification and Systems Used

Thank you to the Malaysian Timber Council for helping provide the rule summary.

LDT Product Guide

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aFRICan haRDWooDS

24

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FAs se Kiln driedidiGbo Terminalia Ivorensis (also known as Emeri in Ghana or Framire on the Ivory Coast)

Colour is yellow to light brown. The grain is straight to slightly irregular with a medium to fairly coarse texture. The timber works well by both machine and hand tools and finishes cleanly. An excellent utility timber for many purposes due to its medium weight, ease of working, durability and outstanding stability.

uses

Furniture and high class joinery both internally and externally. It is also suitable for domestic flooring and mouldings.

specification

Average length 3mRange 1.8 - 4.5mAverage width 200mmRange 150mm to 300mm


25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Price range – £

Medium Medium Good Durable 540 kg/m3

FAs se Kiln dried & Air driediroKo Chlorophora Excelsa

Colour varies from light yellow to golden brown and texture is coarse, often with an interlocked grain. Works moderately easily with some dulling effect on tools and so a cutting angle of 150 is recommended. Available in air-dried dimension stock for external construction work. This is a hardwearing timber which is resistant to decay. Has many of the desirable features of Teak.

uses

Wide use for joinery, particularly in school/institutional buildings, and very suitable for laboratory and kitchen fittings. Boat building piling and marine work.

specification

Average length 2.7m Range 1.8 - 4.8mAverage width 225mmRange 100mm to 350mm


25 50 100 32 63 38 75


Small Medium Poor Very Durable 660 kg/m3

Good stocks of Fsc® iroko are now available, subject unsold.

LDT Product Guide

Pterygota Koto

A creamy white hardwood with a coarse texture, similar to Ramin.

uses

Suitable for interior joinery,furniture manufacture andmouldings.

specification

Average length 2.7m Range 1.8 - 5.4mAverage width 225mmRange 100mm to 350mm


25 38 50 Price range – £

Medium Good Good Non-durable 660-800 kg/m3

selects & better se Kiln dried Triplochiton Scleroxylon obeche

Colour nearly white to pale straw. Of fine even texture, although the grain can be interlocked, it works very easily. Also available as Ayous logs.

uses

Woodwork, interior joinery, furniture.

specification

Average length 2.7m Range 1.8 - 4.8m Average width 225mmRange 100mm to 350mm


25 50 100 32 63 38 75 Price range – £

Small Good Poor Non-durable 380 kg/m3

uses

A useful joinery timber for door frames, windows and sills, also suitable for cabinet work.

specification

25mm to 75mm x 150mm & wider allowing 15% down to 100mm x 2.1m or longer.


25 38 63 100 32 50 75

Distemonanthus Benthamianus (also known as Ayan) moVinGui

Colour yellow to yellowish brown. Medium texture, slightly interlocked grain to interlocked grain, works similar to Iroko. A moderately heavy timber having good dimensional stability and suitable for many of the purposes for which oak is used. Contains a yellow dye-stuff which is liable to leach or stain under certain conditions.


Small Medium Poor Moderately durable 670 kg/m3

aFRICan haRDWooDS

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FAs se Kiln driedsAPele Entandrophragma Cylindricum

Colour dark reddish brown. Grain is interlocked or wavy with a medium to fine texture. It works fairly easily. Available in log form, which when quarter sawn produces the familiar stripey figure. SGS stocks available.

uses

Furniture, shopfitting, general joinery and flooring.

specification

Average length 2.7m Range 1.8m - 5.4mAverage width 225mmRange 100mm to 350mm


25 50 100 32 63 38 75 Price range – ££

Medium Medium Good Moderate 620 kg/m3

Medium Good Good Durable 660 kg/m3

FAs se Kiln driedutile Entandrophragma utile

Colour fairly uniform reddish or purplish brown. Grain is interlocked and rather irregular. The stripe figure of square sawn is less marked than in Sapele and the texture more open owing to the larger size of the pores. Strength is comparable to European Beech.

uses

Suitable for high quality joinery, cabinet work and furniture, boat building.

specification

Average length 2.7mRange 1.8 - 5.4mAverage width 225mmRange 100mm to 350mm


25 50 32 63 38 100 Price range – £££

Good stocks of Fsc® sapele are now available.

Good stocks of Fsc® utile are now available.

WenGe Millettia Laurentii Dark brown, almost black, sapwood yellowish white, straight grained, rather coarse texture.

uses

Very suitable for flooring and high quality joinery, increasingly used for high quality kitchen & cabinet work.

specification

Average length 2.7m Range 1.8 - 4.8mAverage width 225mm


Small Poor Poor Very Durable 830-1000 kg/m3

sizes mm s/e K/d FAs 25 50 100 32 63 38 75

Good stocks of Fsc® Wenge are now available.

LDT Product Guide

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To grade African sawn timber consists of sorting it according to pre-established rules covering quality and quantity.

The African sawmills have many rules but only one prevails in the drafting of contracts and usage: this rule is the FAS IMPERIAL rule.

Coming from an English oral tradition, this rule has been put into writing and accepted by the ATIBT. The ATIBT has accepted this rule because it has been widely used in all the member-countries of the ATO (African Timber Organisation – in French: “OAB: Organisation Africaine des Bois”), even if the rule is not used in its original version in Ghana, but in an adapted version.

The grading approach fits the needs of companies rather well – concerning tree species identification, measurements and qualitative sorting.

It is only the sawmill grader – present from the beginning to the end of the processes – who can grade right after the sawing process, check the species and measure without adding an important extra-cost.

gRaDIng oF aFRICan TIMBER

• Grading is based on the worst face (except where otherwise agreed).• The wood is of good texture but entangled grain is tolerated on 3% of the volume

stAndArd choice – FAs

minimum conditions choice no. 1 choice no. 2

% of pieces 40% of the parcel 60% of the parcel

Sapwood Not admitted Sound and if < 10% of the width

Spring If bow < 13mm, for a length <_ 2.70m (9ft) If bow < 19mm, for a 2.80 (9ft) <_ Length <_ 3.60m If bow < 32mm, for a length > 3.60m (12ft)

Other Defects of Shape Tolerated if it allows planing to be carried out to the regular dimensions

Other Defects Not admitted If S of the piece < 1m2 = 1DS If S is between 1m and 1.50m2 = 2DS If S of the piece > 1.50m2 = 3DS

• Same defects as for FAS, except for the following adjustments:

stAndArd choice – common

choice common-1 / select common-2

Sound Sapweed If <_ 20% of the width Admitted with no restriction

Grain Some irregularities Entangled

Blue Stain No Light to medium

Variations of Colour No Colour and density tolerated

Small Pin Holes See other defects If <_ 1/2 S of piece. On 10% of the pieces

Other Defects If S of the piece < 0.60m2 = 1 Defect Standard If S of the piece between 0.60 and 1m2 = 2DS If S of the piece between 1 and 1.50m2 = 3DS If S of the piece > 1.50m2 = 4 Defects Standards

PArticulAr tree sPecies

obeche• A light blue stain is tolerated on 1/3 of the surface, sound sapwood admitted without restriction• Hairy or woolly surface is considered likely to be smooth after planing• In Common 1 choice, 2 pin holes/ dm2 = 1 Defect Standard; group of small pin holes 1/3 of the width of the piece = 2DS

LDT Product Guide

no 2 and 3 clear and better Kiln dried 8' and longercleAr douGlAs Fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Ptaxifolia)

Also known as British Columbian Pine and Oregon Pine, the heartwood is a light reddish-brown shade, which distinguishes itself from the pale-coloured sapwood. Clear timber or baulks of large dimension in long lengths.

usesConstruction work, flooring, boat building, gymnastics equipment, furniture, internal & external joinery.

specification1" x 6" & wider 11⁄2" x 6" & wider 2" x 6" & wider 21⁄2" x 6" & wider3" x 6" & wider 4" x 6" & wider

2" x 4" vertical grain 2" x 5" vertical grain 2" x 6" vertical grain 2" x 8" vertical grain21⁄2" x 5" vertical grain21⁄2" x 6" vertical grain

Air dried6" x 6"

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Small Good Good Moderate 530 kg/m3

no 2 clear and better 8' and longerWestern red cedAr Thuja Plicata

The heartwood is a reddish-brown shade, which distinguishes itself from the narrow white sapwood. Pleasantly scented, it is popular for interior furniture use. Lightweight and easy to handle.

usesLight-weight construction work, internal & external joinery, timber weather boarding, beehives, summer houses, conservatories, clear shingles for roofing.

shingles

No 1 Fivex Blue label untreated No 1 Fivex Blue label CCA treated16" Cappings Blue label untreated16" Cappings Blue label CCA treated

sizes 2" x 4" 2" x 6" 2" x 8" tGV 3⁄4" x 4"

3" x 6" & wider 4" x 6" & wider 6" x 6" shiplap7⁄8" x 5"

(bundle 25ft sq) average cover (bundle 25ft sq) average cover(20 pieces per bundle) (20 pieces per bundle)

Small Good Good Durable 370 kg/m3


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LDT Product Guide

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noRTh aMERICan & CanaDIan SoFTWooDS

Also available from stock, Kd hemlock clear & better csA certified. 50 x 100/125 vertical grain and 100 x 100mm.

hemlock, douglas Fir and Western red cedar is supplied as PeFc certified.

85/15 no 2 clear & better allowing 15% no 3 clear Tsuga Hetrophllya PAciFic coAst hemlocK

A clean and bright softwood sourced from North America. Also known as West Coast Hemlock. Its colour is pale brown to white and is straight grained with a even texture. Non resinous and non tainting when dried.

uses

Interior joinery and construction.50 x 10050 x 200

50 x 12563 x 100

50 x 150100 x 100

specification



Lengths 2.4m & longer

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LDT Product Guide

ilAm

ilAm – the enGineered AnsWer

raw material: FSC or TLTV Sapele, PEFC Meranti, FSC Eucalyptus

lengths: 0.9m+longer, 0.3m increments Upto 3.6 lengths on DKD construction Upto 6.0 lengths on KKK construction

construction: Production is to Komo standard with D4 class glue line.

uses: Windows, doors and joinery.

sizes:

The above are typical sizes, other sizes and species are available to forward order.

48 x 12048 x 200

63 x 6363 x 7563 x 9563 x 12063 x 200

72 x 7372 x 7572 x 9572 x 12072 x 200

96 x 6396 x 7596 x 96

30

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EngInEERED TIMBER SECTIonS

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ldt has been successfully supplying laminated hardwoods for a number of years, traditionally in dr meranti. We can now additionally offer laminated in both Fsc eucalyptus and minimum third Party Verified legal sapele.

Production is to Komo standard with d4 class glue line making ilam the first choice for component manufacturing, requiring the allure of hardwood but with increased stability and lower waste factors.

DKD Hardwood Construction KKK Hardwood Construction

‘ilam’ sections are produced to clients size and length requirements, with solid outer faces (known as dKd) or finger jointed faces (referred to as KKK).

LDT Product Guide

31

ilAm

EngInEERED TIMBER SECTIonS

48 x 12048 x 200

63 x 6363 x 7563 x 9563 x 12063 x 200

72 x 7372 x 7572 x 9572 x 12072 x 200

96 x 6396 x 7596 x 96

Other sizes and species are available to forward order.Available from stock, Engineered two piece colour matched Oak Newels 90 x 90.Lengths 1.5m – 3.6m.iLam edge glued colour matched solid strings and treads.32 x 275 x 3.6m – 4.8m long and fully FSC®.

raw material: Sapele, D.R Meranti

lengths: 20% 0.9m – 2.0m 80% 2.1m + Longer

construction: After acclimatisation, lamellas are glued and pressed together into blank sections.

uses: Doors, windows and joinery.

sizes:

hArdWood ilAmAn engineered hardwood product, with 2 high quality clear faces for use in joinery applications. Supplied as two clear faces where finger jointed pieces are permitted on the inside layers, creating better dimensional stability.

All ilam products are produced to give better stability, reduced waste, known cost and, most of all, peace of mind.

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SLDT Product Guide

AccoyA® Wood

Accoya® wood is a modified wood. Manufactured using a non-toxic treatment and timber sourced from sustainable forests, Accoya® wood has properties that match those of the best tropical hardwoods.

uses

All exterior applications including windows, doors, decking, cladding. Accoya® wood’s high strength to weight ratio also makes it suitable for challenging external applications, such as road traffic bridges.

specification

A1 Grade FSC 25 x 100mm 25 x 150mm 25 x 200mm 32 x 150mm 38 x 150mm 50 x 150mm 63 x 150mm

A1 Grade Finger 50 x 100mm 50 x 150mm 63 x 75mm 63 x 100mmJointed FSC 63 x 125mm 63 x 150mm 75 x 75mm 75 x 100mm 75 x 125mm 75 x 150mm

Finger Jointed lengths are 6.0m

Acetylated softwood

32

MoDIFIED/hEaT TREaTED TIMBER

Ac

co

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® Wo

od

NEW PRODUCT

Please note, other grades of Accoya can also be offered ex stock.now available, Accoya decking and cladding.

Mo

DIFIED

/hEa

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TED TIM

BER

LDT Product Guide

Durable, Stable & SuStainableinDepenDent StuDy ShowS accoya® winDow frameS are carbon negative

featureS anD benefitS of accoya®

modified wood by accsys technologies www.accoya.com

ACCOYA® and the Trimarque Device are registered trademarks owned by Titan Wood Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accsys Technologies PLC, and may not be used or reproduced without written permission.

for more information www.accoya.com

Durability claSS 1- Accoya® will last at least twice as long as tropical

hardwoods such as sapele, idigbo or mahogany

DimenSionally Stable- Products made from Accoya® are much less likely

to distort, significantly reducing the risk of jamming and ensuring smooth operation for many years

naturally inSulating- Accoya® is a 40% better insulator

than hardwoods and 17% better than softwoods. So an Accoya® window or door will save considerably more energy

perfect for coating- Factory applied coatings will last much longer on

Accoya® resulting in pristine looking products and reduced maintenance costs

outStanDing Durability- Accoya® comes with a 50 year warranty against

rot and decay and dimensional stability

from SuStainable SourceS- All Accoya® wood is produced from well managed

sustainable sources including FSC, PEFC and other regionally certified woods and thereby meeting the criteria of the EUTR timber regulation

conSiStent quality throughout- Consistent, measurable modification quality

from surface to core- No need to apply chemical preservatives when

cut or planed

lifetime coStS- The lifetime costs of Accoya® products are significantly

less than those made from other wood species due to its improved durability and coatings performance

- Accoya® window frames now classified as carbon negative over full life cycle

carbon footprint

accoya® window frames now classified as carbon negative.

in specifying decking, beauty, strength and all weather performance are important.

accoya® wood is a perfect solution for exterior cladding and where dimensional stability is important.




















cut or planed




carbon footprint























cut or planed




carbon footprint




34

iDECK

iDE

CK

iDECK® is a natural timber product which brings the warmth and beauty of nature to almost any outdoor area. Be it a restaurant terrace, a garden patio or a luxury development, iDECK can transform the most unwelcoming space into a relaxing haven, at one with nature and the environment.

The best raw materials nature has to offer are used to create iDECK, which is second-to-none in terms of quality, performance and style. Because iDECK is of such high quality it provides years of trouble-free enjoyment earning iDECK a reputation for being one of the most reliable and durable products on the market. iDECK is a firm favourite with designers and architects, as the luxury quality of our products are perfect for prestigious architectural and landscape developments.

iDecK

iDEcK® is a natural timber product which brings the warmth and beauty of

nature to almost any outdoor area. Be it a restaurant terrace, a garden

patio or a luxury development, iDEcK can transform the most unwelcoming

space into a relaxing haven, at one with nature and the environment.

The best raw materials nature has to offer are used to create iDEcK, which

is second-to-none in terms of quality, performance and style. Because

iDEcK is of such high quality it provides years of trouble-free enjoyment

earning iDEcK a reputation for being one of the most reliable and durable

products on the market. iDEcK is a firm favourite with designers and

architects, as the luxury quality of our products are perfect for prestigious

architectural and landscape developments.

the

The Responsible Choice

S23564-James Latham-LDT-iDeck Broch_Dalhoff_Larsen_160112.indd 6 27/02/2012 14:03

LDT Product Guide

35

iDECK FIXIng

iDE

CK

FIX

Ing

invisible idecK plugsThese plugs, available in different species, are perfect to cover the visible screwheads. This way you can create a wonderful boat deck look and turn your terrace into a beautiful area to relax, invite friends or chill out. These are offered in a box of 500 pcs together with 500 A2 inox screws and a special drill bit to predrill the hole for the plug.

idecK FiXinG – the ideAl WAy to instAll your idecK

IPE Iroko

Massaranduba Bangkirai / Yellow Balau

ZeliaTico

idecK screwsThe iDECK screws are made in high quality stainless steel A4 quality – perfect near the seaside or swimming pools – the colour brown has been specially developed to match the colour of most tropical species – the reduced size of the head of the screw limits the visibility once installed – the specially shaped point facilitates the fixing.

200 screws + 1 screw bit

LDT Product Guide

36

iDECK ClIP

iDE

CK

ClIP

idecK cliP – desiGned For idecK boArds

Our iDECK clip is specially designed to display the natural beauty of iDECK. The architect designed iDECK boards for the iDECK clip system are specially angled to ensure that the iDECK clip fixings are undetectable from above, giving an uninterrupted exterior flooring surface with minimal spacing between the boards.

Our finest decking, which is an outstanding high quality, top of the range product, is used to accompany the iDECK clip system.

iDECK clip’s technically designed shape allows each board to be securely connected with the use of one single, specially coated, stainless steel screw per clip and is simplicity itself to install.

What could be easier – iDECK ‘designed to enjoy’.

iDECK clip blind screws, no mounting components

iDECK clip smooth

IPE Iroko

Boxed per 150 iDECK clips plus specially coated stainless steel (A2) screws

LDT Product Guide

37

iDECK EXaMPlES

iDE

CK

EX

aM

PlE

S

Whatever the project, iDECK is the responsible choice for all your hardwood decking needs.

From residential use through to larger commercial projects such as pool sides, hotel & shopping centre terraces, promenades & walkways, there’s an iDECK to fit the bill.

idecK eXAmPles

LDT Product Guide

38

SaFEgRIP

Sa

FE

gR

IP For ultimate peace of mind about safety. SAFEGRIP is an ideal product for public projects, bridges, walkways, playgrounds, outdoor staircases, in fact, any area where extra grip is required.

Standard profile contains 2 lines of SAFEGRIP. However, additional lines can be added on request.

A carefully controlled manufacturing process ensures that the SAFEGRIP gives consistent grip content throughout the material. Tested under severe conditions, SAFEGRIP has proven its durability both over time and in diverse weather conditions. We do not recommend SAFEGRIP for areas of barefoot usage.

sAFeGriP desiGned For sAFety

21 x 145mm, 25 x 145mm, 28 x 145mm

45 x 145mm

LDT Product Guide

39

iDECK ThE CollECTIon

iDE

CK

ThE

Co

llEC

TIon

bangkirai / yellow balau massaranduba bilinga / opepe

Classic Reeded19 x 90mm

Tico21 x 145mm

Tico21 x 145mm

Tico21 x 145mm

Classic Single21 x 145mm, 28 x 145mm



Classic Double (reversible)21 x 145mm, 28 x 145mm



Zelia21 x 145mm

Zelia21 x 145mm

Zelia21 x 145mm

Bearer reeded 2 sides42 x 70mm, 42 x 90mm

Post square reeded 4 sides50 x 50mm, 90 x 90mm

Classic Single45 x 145mm

Bearer reeded 2 sides42 x 70mm, 42 x 90mm



*Various other sizes / profiles can be produced to order

LDT Product Guide

40


iDE

CK

ThE

Co

llEC

TIon

cumaru iPe Garapa

Tico21 x 145mm

iDECK clip smooth22 x 145mm

Tico21 x 145mm


Tico21 x 145mm

Classic Single21 x 145 mm, 28 x 145mm




Zelia21 x 145mm

Zelia21 x 145mm


*Various other sizes / profiles can be produced to order




LDT Product Guide

41


iDE

CK

ThE

Co

llEC

TIon

iroko Accessories

Zelia21 x 145 mm

Zelia21 x 145 mm

Tico 21 x 145 mm

Tico 21 x 145 mm

Tico 21 x 145 mm

classic Single21 x 145 mm, 28 x 145 mm



classic Double (reversible)21 x 145 mm, 28 x 145mm



*Various other sizes / profiles can be poduced to order

iDecK The coLLecTionipe gArApA

Accessories

Boxed per 150 iDEcK clip plus 150 specially coated stainless steel (a2) screws and screwbit

Boxed per 500 plugs plus 500 stainless steel (a2) screws, special drill and screwbit


iroKo

Post square reeded 4 sides50 x 50 mm, 90 x 90 mm



The Responsible Choice

iDEcK clip smooth22x145mm

S23564-James Latham-LDT-iDeck Broch_Dalhoff_Larsen_160112.indd 18 27/02/2012 14:05

Tico21 x 145mm

Classic Single21 x 145 mm, 28 x 145mm


Zelia21 x 145mm


Boxed per 150 iDEcK clip plus 150 specially coated stainless steel (A2) screws and screwbit

Boxed per 500 plugs plus 500 stainless steel (A2)screws, special drill and screwbit


LDT Product Guide

42

iDECK SPECIES

iDE

CK

SP

EC

IES

bangkirai / yellow balau massaranduba bilinga / opepe

origin: Indonesia and Malaysiatechnical data: Weight delivered – 1000/1100 kg per m3

durability classification: 1–2, (long service life) – hardwood, resistance to friction, fine shakiness, marginally split proof, no chemical treatment required.natural colouring: Light to medium brown, partly light yellowish, a fine silver patina forms over time.dry shrink rate: Very high, medium degree of warp – small growth defects, some sapwood at the endings – small worm holes (diameter 1–1.5mm) are typical characteristics caused by insect impingement, which are only active in standing trees – content substances/tannic acids may also be rinsed out by rain in the form of a brown fluid – contact with ferrous metals causes blue/black staining and should be avoided as the content substances tend to corrode ironwork.

origin: Central and tropical South Americatechnical data: Weight delivered – 1300 kg appr. per m3

durability classification: 1, an extremely heavy wood, hard and finely pored.natural colouring: Reddish brown shade with grey sheen high degree of drying, shrinking/warping,extremely friction resistant – after years of use not a single case of discolouration/bleeding has come to our attention.

origin: West Africatechnical data: Weight delivered – 850 kg per m3

durability classification: 1, very durable, a strong, stable and durable wood, particularly suitable for wharf and jetty decking and marine work.natural colouring: Distinctive yellow–gold or orange-yellow with interlocking or irregular grain, enhances the attractive appearance of the wood.

cumaru iPe Garapa

origin: South America, Braziltechnical data: Weight delivered – 1050/1200 kg per m3

durability classification: 1, very durable, resistant to brown and white–rot fungi and has exemplary weathering characteristics, pronounced grain that accepts stains well.natural colouring: Red brown, The heartwood is yellowish brown to red brown often with darker (red) veins and is clearly demarcated from the sapwood. It has a greasy touch and a mild vanilla – like smell. Unpleasant odour when green.

origin: South Americatechnical data: Weight delivered – 1300 kg per m3

durability classification: 1, a heavy, hard, strong, finely pored, elastic wood, practically faultless and free of rifts, little splintering, no warping effect.natural colouring: Olive green going towards brown the timber contains Lapachol, a yellow fluid substance, which protects the wood and can cause dermatitis.

origin: South America, Braziltechnical data: Weight delivered – 850 kg per m3

durability classification: 1, very durable, dense hardwood that naturally resists rot, decay, termites, scratches, splinters and even fire.natural colouring: Light yellow to golden brown hue. As the wood naturally weathers, it takes on a lightsilvery grey tone unless a sealer is used to keep its natural colour.

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iDECK SPECIES

iDE

CK

SP

EC

IES

iroko

origin: West and East Africatechnical data: Weight delivered – 640 kg per m3

durability classification: 1–2, very durable to duable and is naturally resilient to changes in climate, havingexcellent strength properties.natural colouring: Yellow brown to more or less brown with golden glints. Ribbon like aspects on quartersawn, darker veins on slab. Possible presence of very hard white calcium carbonate deposits, some times supported by a darker colour.

Wood is not a uniform material and each plank of wood has its own character, dependent on the source and growing conditions of the tree from which it came. Although planks may emanate from the same source, they can show variation in grain and colour, sometimes on the same plank. Therefore, samples and photographs shown in our literature are unable to be representative of the total amount of wood delivered, each plank will be unique. Once the timbers are exposed to ultraviolet light however, natural oxidation will occur and the differences in colour and grain wil become more uniform.

Much of the beauty of tropical timber lies in the variation in colour – from the warm red hues of Massaranduba, to the golden brown of Bangkirai and the rich chocolate brown of Ipe. In order to retain the richness of these colours, it is highly recommended that the timbers be regularly treated with a good quality oil preservative.

The guarantee for products within the iDECK range to resist impact, decay and insect attack is dependent on normal conditions of usage and is limited to the replacement of defective parts with the same or, at least, an equivalent product. Installation costs are not included.

For non-reversible boards we do not guarantee the quality of the underside which could show defects such as nodes and small cracks.

Please contact our office or check our website for further details.www.directtimber.co.uk

idecK distribution

LDT distributes iDECK hardwood decking throughout the UK and Eire.

For information on the application of iDECK together with availability of verified & certified products feel free to contact LDT directly or yourlocal iDECK distributor.

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iDECK InSTallaTIon

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storage: Store the iDECK floor boards in their original packaging, preferably in a well ventilated, roofed over space – avoid direct bright sunlight.

treating the boards prior to installation: Thoroughly rinse the boards with water before installing in order to avoid rainwater causing excessive tannin leakage

tools: Drill, screwdriver, crosscut saw, belt sander, tightening screws, heel iron, square, gluing clamp, chalk line.

Ground base preparation: Make sure the ground base is stable, solid and smooth – a slant of approximately 1cm/running metre will provide the correct water drainage – to prevent weeds from growing, it is advisable to cover with a root cloth – tropical hardwood contains elements/tannic acids (e.g. oak-wood) that increase the boards’ resistance – however, rain can also cause them to wash out in the form of a brown liquid – for this reason you must avoid direct, unprotected contact with plastered and/or other walls and floors – foil protection is recommended.

the support construction: The support beams must be fixed into the ground base to ensure a secure foundation – the support beams must be of the same kind of tropical hardwood as the visible boards – attention: the support beams must be at least twice the thickness of the boards (e.g. for boards of 21 x 145mm, use support beams of at least 42 x 70mm) – overall a width of 50mm will suffice, but in places where two ends of the boards are to be joined together, you will

need a width of 70mm – during alignment, ensure that the correct distance between beams is maintained: the distance depends on the strength and width of the boards (see graph).

Placement on a concrete or tilted floor: The support beams must be fixed into the ground base to ensure a secure foundation – we recommend placing the beams in such a way that they are parallel to the direction of the drainage.

Placement on a slanted ground base: It is advisable to use the adjustable synthetic support elements (± 8m2), which also need to be fixed into the ground base.

Placement on natural soil: When necessary, apply a stabilized and levelled sand or gravel layer – place concrete tiles 50cm apart to provide sufficient support and fixture for the support beams – verify the height and slant, cover with a rootcloth and fix the support beams into the concrete tiles.

Freestanding terrace: Consult your architect/contractor, who will be able to provide you with the correct information, adapted to your requirements.

to order m2: To install in a random sequence, allow 5 to 10% more boards compared to the surface area to be covered – to install under an angle of 45°, with corners or irregular joints, allow 15 to 20% more boards compared to the surface area to be covered.

Over time some of the natural tannin within the wood is washed out although this can be reduced by thoroughly rinsing the boards with water before installation. Such tannins can cause staining to adjacent materials such as concrete, brickwork and metalwork and consideration should be made for this prior to installation. Further tannin leakage may occur as a result of heavy rain fall and is likely to be most noticeable soon after installation.

Boa

rd T

hic

kne

ss –

mm

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1001 10 120

10

0

20

30

40

50

Board Width 145 mm120 mm90 mm

Source: WTCB Bearer Distance – cm

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FITTIng InSTRuCTIonS

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For your comFort

To solve the rare occurence of splinters, we advise, once the installation is finished, that you douse the deck with water (or wait until after the first rainfall) and, once dry, sandpaper the surface. This will assist in breaking the heads of any splinters which may occur. Natural oxidation due to ultraviaolet light will cause the decking to grey (particularly around swimming pools). We take no responsibility with regard to accidents regarding slipping.

For idecK clAddinG

Where can idecK cladding be used?New construction, residential property, office buildings, industrial buildings and commercial offices, educational facilities, ... and of course for renovation purposes.

idecK cladding can:• Improve the quality of life

through the sound and thermal insulation provided by the cladding.

• Improve the aesthetics of the facade.

• Improve the overall resistance of the facade to water (like an umbrella).

General Precautions: Make sure that there is enough ventilation possible behind the cladding, a minimum space of 1cm is needed. (Generally determined by the thickness of bearers). The backbone must be naturally sustainable wood (durability class 1). It must be anchored to the wall by appropriate fasteners to enable the bearers to be mounted. A distance between bearers must be 40 to 60cm. They must not impede the ventilation cladding. Minimum section of bearer is usually 27 x 42mm.

Install gauze on the top and bottom of your cladding to prevent leaves, bird nests etc. from hindering the ventilation behind the cladding. The iDECK cladding can be put in a vertical, horizontal or inclined direction. For a horizontal installation, please ensure that the tongue is always pointing up, and the groove down.

Remember that the lowest cladding board must be more than 20cm from the ground.

Include an expansion joint (+ / - 1mm) while installing thecladding. They are fixed with stainless steel nails/screws(+/- 26 nails/screws / m”).Hidden installation only with boards < 125mm, all wider boards (>125mm) need to be fixed with two fasteners stainless (steel nails/screws).

We can provide aluminium corners, in and outgoing,as well as expansion profiles.

maintenance: Our cladding can remain unprotected, it will oxidize naturally to a silver gray colour as a result of ultraviolet sunrays and weather.

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FITTIn

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For stAndArd idecK

installing with visible screws: Please pay attention to the direction of the wood fibres and slight colour variations prior to placement – place all boards in the same direction.

space between boards: The boards will expand and contract depending on changing seasonal temperatures and the humidity in the air – before commencing, it is recommended that the degree of humidity in the boards should be checked – bearing this in mind, installation of the boards must comply with the following rules: the distance between every individual board must be 5 to 10mm – this expansion joint provides room for the wood to ‘breath’ (expand and shrink) according to the weather, without causing damage to the decked floor area – in the event that the decking area is placed against a wall or another fixed element, you need to provide a joint of at least 10mm between the boards and the wall and/or fixed element.

Joining the board ends: Each board end should rest on a support beam and be screwed down by, at least, 2 screws to limit movement of the wood.

Predrilling: Use a chalk line to get the correct alignment and pre-drill the screw holes (e.g. if your screw is 6mm, predrill using a 5mm drill) – the

distance between the screw hole and the board end should be maximum 5-7cm (and minimum 2cm) in order to prevent any protuberance at the ends – use exclusively stainless steel screws for an impeccable and lasting result – use 2 screws for every board with a length of at least twice the board’s width.

screws: It is recommended to use inox screws, and to insert them on a slow setting speed into the wood – the screw’s head should be level with the board’s surface, so that no screw heads are left protruding.

Finishing up: You can apply a 45° slant on the board ends using a manual or electric plane or a belt sander. You can also use a U-end profile from our collection.

For the idecK cliP system

installing with idecK clip: Place the rounded finishing profile on the bearers, and screw to the bearer – screw a clip to every bearer (pre-drill the bearer with 3.5mm drill) – slide the plank onto the clip, a rubber hammer and a piece of wood can be used to assist this process – every butt must be secured with a clip, where you have two butts on each side, use a clip on each one – please use bearers of 42 x 70mm installed flat in this process – continue this until your decking area is finished – the last piece can be a plank or the rounded finishing profile – enjoy your decking for many years

sPeciAl climAte conditions

Products are supplied on the basis that clients have checked that products are fit for purpose in mind. Under certain climatic conditions Massaranduba may act differently than described in this brochure. For further details, please contact your local timber merchant.

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idecK instAllAtion With PluGs

Please read the instructions for standard iDECK first as these apply also to the installation with the plugs.

Before you start please make sure that all the boards are put down on you deck in the final position. This way you can easily draw straight lines to pre drill the boards. A special drill is provided in the iDECK plug box to pre drill the wholes for the plugs. The size of this special drill is exactly the same as the plugs. Once the wholes for the plugs are made, you pre drill the board and bearer with a drill of 4mm diameter, to be used with the screws you find in the box. Now you can start to fix the boards with the provided screws and screw bit. Once the entire deck is done, you can put the plugs in the predrilled holes. A drop of white wood glue (D4) in every hole so the plug is glued to the board. Any excess of glue needs to be removed immediately with a clean cloth. Make sure that the conical part of the plugs is the downside (a hammer may be used).

Once all the plugs are in place, you can if needed use a belt sander to sand your deck and plugs to obtain a superb result.

sliPPAGe

Please note that in areas that could be considered slip sensitive, such as on steps, near doorways, pool sides, outdoor smoking areas and public places such as pub’s and restaurants, adequate precautions should be taken to ensure that the risk if slipping is reduced to a minimum. Even with the grooved/reeded face profiling, timber decking can still be treacherous to walk on when wet and SafeGrip should be considered in such areas, in particular for commercial installations. However, it may be possible to apply additional anti slip measures after installation if required.

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LDT Product Guide

LDT5B The Old Yard

Rectory LaneBrasted

WesterhamTN16 1JP

T: 01959 561777F: 01959 560399

E: [email protected]

www.directtimber.co.uk

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