Lab Exercise 7 Appendicular Skeleton Portland Community College BI 231.
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Transcript of Lab Exercise 7 Appendicular Skeleton Portland Community College BI 231.
Lab Exercise 7
Appendicular Skeleton
Portland Community CollegeBI 231
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• Upper & Lower extremities
• Shoulder Girdle
• Pelvic Girdle
Appendicular Skeleton
The Upper Extremity
• The pectoral girdle consists of a ring of bone formed by the two clavicles and scapulae.
• It is completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum it is incomplete posteriorly.
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Scapula
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Scapula: Posterior ViewAcromion
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Scapula: Anterior ViewCoracoid Process
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Glenoid Fossa
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Scapula: Posterior ViewSpine
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Scapula: Posterior ViewSupraspinous Fossa
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Scapula: Posterior ViewInfraspinous Fossa
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Scapula: Anterior ViewSubscapular Fossa
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Clavicle
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Humerus
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Humerus: Proximal End
Head: Above the epiphyseal line
Anterior Medial Posterior
Intertubercular groove
Greater tubercleLesser tubercle
Anatomical Neck Surgical neck
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Deltoid Tuberosity
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Trochlea (Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Capitulum (Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Olecranon Fossa(Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Medial Epicondyle(Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Lateral Epicondyle (Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Radial Fossa (Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Coronoid Fossa(Distal Humerus)
Anterior PosteriorAnterior Posterior
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Humerus: Distal End/Anterior
Trochlea
Capitulum
Radial fossaCoronoid Fossa
Medial Epicondyle
Lateral Epicondyle
Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
Medial Supracondylar Ridge
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Humerus: Distal End/Posterior
Trochlea
Olecranon Fossa
Medial Epicondyle Lateral
Epicondyle
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Radius
• “Rotates”
• On the thumb side of the forearm
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Radius: Head
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Radial Tuberosity
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Ulnar Notch of the Radius
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Ulnar Notch of the Radius
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Radius: Interosseous Ridge
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Styloid Process of the Radius
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RadiusAnterior
Posterior
Radial Head
RadialTuberosity
Ulnar Notch Interosseous ridgeStyloid process
Distal Proximal
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Head of the Ulna (Distal End)
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Styloid Process of the Ulna(Distal End)
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Olecranon Process (Ulna Posterior View)
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Olecranon Process (Ulna)
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Coronoid Process (Ulna Anterior View)
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Trochlear Notch (Ulna)
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Radial Notch of the Ulna
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Interosseous Ridge (Ulna)
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Ulna
Anterior
Lateral
HeadStyloid Process
Trochlear Notch
Coranoid Process
OlecranonSupinator Crest
Interosseous ridge
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Scaphoid
DorsalView
PalmView
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Lunate
DorsalView
PalmView
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Triquetrum
DorsalView
PalmView
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PisiformPalmView
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Trapezium
DorsalView
PalmView
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Trapezoid
DorsalView
PalmView
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Capitate
DorsalView
PalmView
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Hamate
DorsalView
PalmView
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MetacarpalsPalmView
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2 3 4
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Distal Phalanges
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Proximal Phalanges
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Middle Phalanges
The Lower Extremity
• The hip extends from the superior margin of the coxal (os coxae or hip bone) bone to the hip joint.
• It contains the pelvic girdle which is a ring of bone formed by the two coxal bones.
• Articulate at pubic symphysis anteriorly and sacrum posteriorly
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Os Coxae (Hipbones)
Ilium
Ishium
Pubic Bone
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Iliac Crest
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Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
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Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
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Posterior Superior Iliac Spine
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Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine
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Greater Sciatic Notch (Ilium)
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Iliac Fossa
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Sacroiliac Joint
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Articular Surface Of Ilium(Articulates with Sacrum)
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Arcuate Line (Ilium)
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Ischial Spine
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Ischial Tuberosity
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Lesser Sciatic Notch (Ischium)
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Ischial Ramus
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Pubic Crest
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Superior Ramus (Pubis)
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Inferior Ramus (Pubis)
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Pubic Arch
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Male Pelvis
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Female Pelvis
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Pubic Symphysis (Fibrocartilage)
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Obturator Foramen
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Acetabulum
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Fovea Capitus (Head of Femur)
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Femur
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Head of Femur
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Neck of Femur
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Greater Trochanter (Femur)
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Lesser Trochanter (Femur)
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Gluteal Tuberosity(Posterior Femur)
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Linea Aspera (Posterior Femur)
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Medial and Lateral Supracondylar ridges
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Medial Epicondyle (Femur)
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Lateral Epicondyle (Femur)
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Medial Condyle (Posterior Femur)
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Lateral Condyle (Posterior Femur)
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Intercondylar Fossa (Posterior Femur)
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Adductor Tubercle (Femur)
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Patellar Surface (Anterior Femur)
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Medial Articular Surface of Patella(For medial condyle of femur)
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Lateral Articular Surface of Patella (For Lateral condyle of femur)
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Tibia
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Medial Condyle of the Tibia
Anterior Posterior
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Lateral Condyle of the Tibia
Anterior Posterior
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Intercondylar Eminence (Tibia)
Anterior Posterior
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Tibial Tuberosity
Anterior Posterior
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Medial Malleolus (Tibia)
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Fibula
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Head of Fibula
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Lateral Malleolus (Distal)
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Fibular Articular Surface for the Talus
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Ankle and Foot
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Talus
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Calcaneus
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Cuboid
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Navicular
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Cuneiform
1. Lateral
2. Intermediate
3. Medial1 2
3
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Metatarsals
1234
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The Knee
• Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
• Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
• Lateral meniscus• Medial meniscus• Patellar ligament• Quadriceps tendon
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The Knee
• Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
• Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
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The End