Key elements of MRV for the AFOLU sector

Rocío Cóndor

Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) Programme

4-6 October 2016, Lomé, Togo

Sub- Regional Dialogue on the MRV framework

West Africa

Content

• The MRV framework under the UNFCCC

• Global and regional status of the MRV

• Key elements of MRV for AFOLU

• FAO resources and support for MRV

• Conclusions

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Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV)

• Measurement: level of GHG emissions and removals (national GHG inventory) and measure the specific effects of national mitigation actions as well as financial and support needed.

Reporting: transparent and complete submission to the UNFCCC through the National Communication (NC) and Biennial Update Report (BUR).

Verification: assessment of the reported information through an independent process at international level (International Consultation & Analysis, ICA); but may also include, at domestic level, a comparison with independent estimates and/or an independent quality assurance.

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Key elements of the MRV framework

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Source: UNFCC (2014)

National Communications and Biennial Update Report (ECOWAS)

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Country First NC

Benin 2002

Burkina Faso 2002

Cabo Verde 2000

Cote d'Ivoire 2001

Gambia 2003

Ghana 2001

Guinea 2002

Guinea Bissau 2005

Liberia 2013

Mali 2000

Niger 2000

Nigeria 2003

Senegal 1997

Sierra Leone 2007

Togo 2001

Second NC

2011

2015

2011

2010

2013

2011

-

2011

-

2012

2009

2014

2010

2012

2011

Third NC

-

-

-

-

-

2015

-

-

-

-

-

-

2016

-

2015

First BUR

Under preparation

-

-

Under preparation

-

2015

-

-

-

-

-

Under preparation

-

-

Under preparation

INDC

9/30/2015

10/23/2015

9/30/2015

9/30/2015

9/30/2015

9/23/2015

10/20/2015

9/30/2015

9/30/2015

9/29/2015

10/20/2015

11/28/2015

9/26/2015

10/1/2015

10/21/2015

Status of BUR submissions to the UNFCCC

Total submissions of the BUR (global): 34 countries

10 LAC, 6 Africa (Ghana, Mauritania, Morroc, Namibia, South Africa,Tunisia),

10 Asia, 7 Eastern Europe, 1 Middle East

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Modality of submission as an stand-alone document, plus

some countries:

I. National Inventory Report, NIR (8):

Armenia, Chile, Costa Rica, Georgia, Ghana, Mauritania, Republic of

Moldova, South Africa [Art. 13 Paris Agreement]

II. REDD+ technical annex (4):

Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Malaysia.

Status of the ICA process under the UNFCCCSummary report on the technical analysis (TA):

17 countries

(in Africa: Ghana, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia)

Technical report on the TA of the REDD+ technical annex:

1 country (Brazil)

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First Facilitative Sharing of views (FSV) at SBSTA in 2016:

13 countries

(in Africa: Ghana, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia)

http://unfccc6.meta-fusion.com/bonn_may_2016/events/2016-05-20-10-00-facilitative-sharing-of-views-day-1

ST

EP

1S

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Key elements of MRV for AFOLU • S us tainable ins titutional arrangements for measuring, reporting and

verifying.

• Reliability, sustainability and comprehensiveness of data collection for AFOLU (official national sources).

• As s es s ment of greenhous e gas (GHG) emissions from AFOLU applying the 2006 IPCC Guidelines.

• Quality as s urance/Quality Control (QA/QC) and verification processes.

• AFOLU a key sector in the preparation and implementation of the [Intended] Nationally Determined Contributions ([I]NDC).

• National Forest Monitoring S ystems (NFMS ) and Forest Reference E mission Levels (FRE L)/Forest Reference Levels (FRL) for RE DD+.

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• Facilitate the dialogue among different national actors (i.e. Costa R ica)

• S upport in identifying roles and res pons ibilities (i.e. Paraguay)

• Rais e awarenes s on agriculture and land use issues for UNFCCC negotiators (i.e. Asia-Pacific)

This is the name of the Conference 918 May 2015

FAO support for MRV

Sus tainable ins titutional arrangements

• World Programme for the Census of Agriculture 2020(en, fr, es) supporting countries to carry out their national agricultural census at least once every decade. New publication provides guidance on agricultural censuses (201 6-2025), including a section GHG estimates, also for data collection to apply Tier 2 Method.

• Global S trategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics addresses developing countries’ lack of capacity to provide reliable statistical data on food and agriculture.

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FAO resources and support for MRV

Data collection (agriculture)

FAO resources and support for MRV

Data collection (fores t)

• Voluntary guidelines on national forest monitoring present a general framework and a set of decision-support tools for planning and implementing a multi-purpose national forest monitoring system.

• Collect E arth enables users to analyse high and very high resolution satellite imagery for a wide varietyof purposes, including climate change reporting.

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FAO resources and support for MRV

GHG emis s ion as s es s ment

• FAOS TAT E missions database (en, fr, es) country-level activity data and Tier 1 Method for GHG estimates for the agriculture/land use sectors (metadata). Activity data is mainly collected from FAO corporate database (FAOSTAT) and the Global Forest Resources Assessments (FRA).

• Manual to Address Data Requirements for Developing Countries (en, fr, es) based on lesson learned in the development of the FAOS TAT E missions database.

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FAO resources and support for MRV

E -learning course “Building a National Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use”

• Guide users to estimate AFOLU emissions following

2006 IPCC Guidelines at Tier 1 Method

• Provide practical exercises to applythe acquired knowledge

• Transition from revised 1 996 IPCC

2000 GPG to 2006 IPCC

• Free-of-charge (FAO e-learning Centre)

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GHG emis s ion as s es s ment

FAO resources and support for MRV

Global Livestock E nvironmental Assessment Model (GLE AM-i)

• Livestock specific tool designed to support governments, project planners, producers, industry and civil society organizations to calculate emissions using Tier 2 method.

• The new version allows the direct comparison between baseline and scenario conditions.

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GHG emis s ion as s es s ment

FAO resources and support for MRV

This is the name of the Conference 1518 May 2015

GHG emission assessment

EX-Ante Carbon balance Tool (EX-ACT)

An appraisal system that provides estimates of the impact of

agriculture and forestry development projects, programmes

and policies on the carbon-balance.

EX-ACT can be applied on a wide range of development

projects, including besides others projects on climate change

mitigation, sustainable land management, watershed

development, production intensification, food security,

livestock, forest management or land use change.

EX-ACT e-learning course:

http://www.fao.org/tc/exact/user-guidelines/e-learning/en/

Quick guidance

User Manual

FAO resources and support for MRV

• AFOLU E missions Analysis Tools that support UNFCCC reporting process:

– QA/QC and Verification tool (en, fr, es), allows to compare national GHG inventory data reported to the UNFCC vs. data FAOS TAT E missions (manual).

• Ad-hoc country QA and verification proces s to improve the national GHG inventory (Colombia, Mexico), validate BUR submissions (E cuador) and/or design improvement plans for subsequent submissions (Uruguay).

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QA/QC and verification

FAO resources and support for MRV

• FAO “Learning tool on NAMAs in AFOLU sector” (en, fr, es).

• FAO Working paper: The agriculture sectors in the INDCs: summary

In the pipeline:

• INDCs Mitigation Policies and Actions AFOLU database.

• 7 worldwide case studies on economic feasibility of mitigation options for farmers.

• Lead the Compendium on GHG Baselines and Monitoring (AFOLU).

• FAO MRV guidance for mitigation actions (AFOLU)

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[I]NDC s upport for AFOLU

FAO resources and support for MRV

• NAMA Partnership Initiative, FAO leads the volume on AFOLU

• Generic approaches to baseline setting of mitigation action

• National, sectorial or facility-level actions

• Intended to be used by policy designers and actors

• Refers to all relevant case studies, tools and resources

• To be published early 201 7

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Compendium on GHG B as elines and Monitoring (AFOLU)

FAO resources and support for MRV

• Guidance address the framework of MRV processes of mitigation actions, including NAMAs, to support the NDC implementation.

• Mitigation actions for the AFOLU sector:

– Activities that reduce/avoid GHG emissions (i.e. enteric fermentation, manure management etc.).

– Activities that increase or stabilize carbon (C) socks, or hinder the decrease of C stocks on land (reforestation/afforestation, S FM etc.)

– Activities that reduce/avoid GHG emissions in other sectors (bioenergy, HWP etc).

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FAO MRV guidance for mitigation actions (AFOLU)

FAO resources and support for MRV

Relevant publications:

– National Forest Monitoring Systems: Monitoring and Measurement, Reporting and Verification (M & MRV) in the context of RE DD+ Activities http://www.fao.org/3/a-bc395e.pdf

– E merging approaches to Forest Reference E mission Levels and Forest Reference Levels for RE DD+ http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4846e.pdf

– Technical considerations for Forest Reference E mission Level and/or Forest Reference Level construction for RE DD+ under the UNFCCC http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4847e.pdf

Webinars on reference levels and RE DD+ technical annex:

– LAC webinar (article)

– Asia/Africa (youtube video).

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MRV for REDD+

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Conclusions• AFOLU is a key economic sector for many countries and the only

one that emits and removes GHG from the earth’s atmosphere.

• Monitoring and reporting AFOLU GHG emissions is fundamental to take appropriate actions and adopt policies and measures.

• AFOLU is a sector that faces several challenges on data collection and GHG estimations.

• AFOLU is one important component of the MRV together with other sectors.

• FAO is working with and for countries to address key elements of MRV for AFOLU.

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Thank you

Contact

rocio.condor@fao.org

More information on MICCA Programme:

http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/en/

http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/fr/

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